Glacier characteristics and sediment transfer system of Longyearbreen and Larsbreen,western Spitsbergen     

《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2012,66(4):157-168

Two small high-Arctic glaciers (Longyearbreen and Larsbreen) on Svalbard (78°N 15°E) were studied with respect to glaciological and hydrological characteristics. Fieldwork during the melting season of 1993 and 1994 was coupled with digital map analysis based on high-resolution digital elevation models (DEM) to reveal the dynamics and temperature regime of small glaciers in a high-Arctic environment, and its relationship to the material transport and sedimentation of these glaciers. The study showed Longyearbreen and Larsbreen to be low activity glaciers, cold-based with temperate patches, and thus having a low potential of basal erosion. The transport of ions and suspended solids in the glacial meltwater implies storage of material in and around the glacier which comes into contact with the meltwater. The study suggests that small Arctic glaciers couple the slope system with the fluvial system and therefore build a highly effective denudation system. Small polythermal glaciers are therefore important in understanding Pleistocene and Holocene landform development in cold regions.  相似文献   

Samar i R ros-traktene     

《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2012,66(2):87-88

The article explores whether marine biodiversity mappings can contribute to the mapping of the material basis of Sami culture. Four different mapping practices are analysed in the article, all related to the seascape in the Lyngen fjord (Lyngenfjorden) in northern Norway. Initiatives undertaken by the Norwegian Directorate of Fisheries and the Institute of Marine Research (IMR) to map cod spawning grounds, and by the Sami Rights Commission (SRC) to map customary use of a fjord are compared with local fishing practices. Although the seascape was initially mapped to find spawning grounds (the IMR and the Directorate) and to record social practices (the Directorate and the SRC), the outcomes also express social relations between the mappers and the mapped materials. Whereas the mappings that included fishermen's relations with fishing grounds are compatible with each other, the marine scientists' mapping documented biodiversity independent of local relations with it. The author argues that the marine environment should be seen as expressing social relations between groups of people and certain materialities instead of as separated in natural and social layers. Thus, even though marine biodiversity mapping practices reveal biodiversity in Sami settlement areas, they inform little about the material basis of Sami culture.  相似文献   

Finnskogene I Norge     

《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2012,66(4):213-226

Recently, increased attention has been paid to the importance of everyday landscapes in the Western world, and a stronger political will to involve local participation in planning processes has emerged. The authors discuss the implementation of the political will to engage the Norwegian public in local heritage planning and whether or not this new role can have a mobilising effect on heritage protection. In Norway, cultural heritage managers have established methods for identifying valuable heritage assets in cultural historic landscapes. As increased responsibility for cultural heritage management is given to municipalities, more municipalities are making their own heritage plans to improve local heritage management. The article investigates how cultural heritage management in everyday landscapes is taking place, how heritage plans are developed, how local knowledge is involved, and what assets local residents appreciate in their environment, based on an in-depth study of two medium-sized Norwegian regional towns. The results show that local stakeholders were often invited to participate in planning processes, but that their contributions were largely kept out of official plans at the final stage. Further, the study revealed that memories and personal histories related to heritage appreciations are important elements in building identity, both at a personal level and at a local level.  相似文献   

模糊综合评价法在新疆农业主导功能定位中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

丁建国  刘晓媛  戴健  苏武峥  陆朝晖  李苗 《干旱区地理》2012,35(4):678-686

 新疆区域农业主导功能具有空间和组合上的复合性特征,探讨建立一种适用于区域农业主导功能为复合功能,并对复合型农业主导功能的主要功能和辅助功能进行明确定位的综合评价方法,对保证新疆农业功能区划的科学性、合理性和可操作性具有十分重要的意义。在研究构建新疆农业功能综合评价指标体系的基础上,应用模糊综合评价方法,构建综合评价模型,对全疆88 个涉农县（市、区）的农业功能进行综合评价。在综合测评结果基础上,对各县（市、区）的农业功能重要性进行纵向比较和横向比较,以确定各区划单元四大农业功能的主辅地位以及优势主导功能。根据模糊综合评价的测评排序结果,结合问卷调查和专家咨询结果,提出了新疆区域农业主导功能定位及布局方案。应用模糊综合评价方法对新疆农业功能进行综合测评和主导功能定位,同时结合定性方法对评价结果进行比对和修正,得出的研究方案符合新疆实际,表明该方法是对复合型农业主导功能区进行农业功能定位及区划的有效方法之一,同时为新疆农业主导功能区制定不同的发展对策和战略措施,优化新疆农业产业结构和布局提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

社会关系嵌入与产业转移的区位选择——宁波服装业案例研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

谭文柱 《地理科学》2012,(7):835-839

从企业社会关系网络嵌入的视角,以宁波服装企业和机构为访谈调研对象,追寻众多宁波服装企业早期发展的历史,研究上海与宁波两地基于历史原因形成的社会关系嵌入——"红帮师傅"对上海服装业转移中区位选择的影响。研究发现,上海国有服装企业中宁波籍"红帮师傅",是理解上海服装企业在向外转移加工业务的过程中为何选择宁波服装企业的关键因素。在宁波服装业的早期发展阶段,"红帮师傅"充当了宁波服装企业与上海服装企业建立业务联系的桥梁,不仅将自己所在服装企业的加工业务介绍给宁波的服装企业,还利用自己的社会网络,将上海其它服装企业引荐给宁波服装企业,使宁波服装企业从上海获得了大量的加工业务。另外,"红帮师傅"还亲自或引荐其它服装技师为宁波的服装企业提供必要的技术指导。对理解非经济因素对产业转移区位选择的影响提供了一个有意义的实证案例,为欠发达地区吸引发达地区的产业转移提供了一种新的思路。  相似文献   

荷兰国土空间规划及对中国主题功能区规划的启示   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈利 《云南地理环境研究》2012,24(2):90-97

荷兰国土空间规划历史悠久,特点宣明,在欧洲乃至世界独树一帜,其规划思想和追求的生态理念对世界规划产生深远影响。荷兰人多地少,人均用地极为紧张,如何利用国土空间规划有效利用土地资源是国家发展诉求,这与中国国情相似,因此荷兰国土空间规划经验值得学习和借鉴。为此,从荷兰国土空间规划的背景人手,对历次规划的内容和目标作了梳理和分析,并展现其编制的具体程序,并对规划的实施协调机制和保障政策作了详细介绍和思考,最后提出可以从规划理念和思路,协调机制和实施政策,内容调整和规划方法,规划体系和公众参与4个方面参考和借鉴荷兰经验,从而完善和优化中国主题功能区规划。  相似文献   

利用地面电场仪与闪电定位资料进行短时雷电预警的方法   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

吴健  陈毅芬  曾智聪 《河南气象》2009,(1):47-50

电场强度预警应以电场强度到达的门限等级、电场曲线初始阶段是否有快变抖动为判断的标准,雷电距离预警以雷电发生的位置和电场仪之间的距离为参考。综合两种预警手段,并结合人工判断雷电的移动趋势、对预警提前时间的要求以及电场仪安装的位置和本地的地形条件等因素,实现更准确的雷电短时预警。  相似文献   

新一代天气雷达与闪电定位仪资料在一次区域性暴雨过程中的分析应用     

孙鸿娉  温汉光  晋立军  张莉萍 《山西气象》2010,(2):15-19

根据一次大范围暴雨天气过程的闪电定位资料和多普勒雷达资料,利用统计和对比分析的方法,发现了闪电发生频数、强度和雷达回波强度在时间序列上有较好的一致性;在雷达回波发展的不同阶段,闪电发生的位置与雷达强回波位置有时相同,有时偏离,有时甚至无闪电发生;雷达回波速度场分析表明,在低层存在不利于对流发展的环境风场特征时,降水回波在向测站移动的过程中趋于消散,闪电频数也随着减少;在降水回波速度辐合区,对应闪电活动频繁。  相似文献   

LINET—An international lightning detection network in Europe   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hans D. Betz  Kersten Schmidt  Pierre Laroche  Patrice Blanchet  Wolf P. Oettinger  Eric Defer  Z. Dziewit  J. Konarski 《Atmospheric Research》2009,91(2-4):564-573

During the past years a VLF/LF lightning detection network (LINET) was developed at the University of Munich, which provides continuous data for both research and operational purposes. In particular, the network introduces five new features: a) total lightning capability: both cloud-to-ground strokes (CG) and cloud lightning (IC) are measured; b) low-amplitude reporting: weak lightning events from discharge channel with currents well below 5 kA are detected within the central part of the network, whereby IC events dominate; c) new 3D-discrimination: a time-of-arrival method is utilized to separate CG from IC with good reliability, provided that the sensor baseline does not exceed ~ 250 km; d) IC emission height: for each cloud event a height is determined which is thought to reflect the central region of the involved channel; and e) optimised location accuracy: due to precision and combined action of all influential network components, complemented by site-error corrections, the position accuracy of strokes reaches an average value as small as ~ 150 m, whereby false locations (‘outliers’) rarely occur. During international co-operations LINET has been deployed in four continents: Europe (initially Germany), South America (area of Bauru, Brazil), Australia (around Darwin), and Central Africa (Benin). Since the features quoted above could be verified in the tests, a 65-sensor network was established in Europe and started on May 1, 2006, in co-operation with the service company nowcast. LINET covers a wide area approximately from longitude − 10° to 25° to latitude 35° to 66°; it is available for scientific projects and officially utilized by the German Weather Service for operational purposes. Meanwhile, the network was extended by deployment of additional sites so that it comprises about 90 sensors in 17 countries.  相似文献   

Analysis of the Initial Stage Intracloud Lightning Using the Pulse Location Technique Based on the Fast Electric Field Change          下载免费PDF全文

WANG Dongfang  QIE Xiushu  YUAN Tie  ZHANG Guangshu  ZHANG Tong  ZHANG Tinglong  ZHANG Qilin 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2009,23(6):772-781

Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029 2 Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000 3 Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000 4 Nanjing University of Information Science＆Technology,Nanjing 210044
Using both fast and slow electric field change sensors and field mill,multi-station observations on lightning flashes over China inland plateau areas were conducted during the summer of 2004.All of the stations were synchronized by GPS with a time-resolution of±50 ns.Using the different time of arrival（DTOA）and based on the fast electric field change sensor,a lightning radiation location technique was developed.Radiation pulses in the initial stages of five intracloud（IC）lightning discharges which occurred on 20 August were analyzed.The results indicate that the technique developed could effectively locate the lightning radiation sources.Furthermore,the lightning discharges were compared with the Doppler radar data.The results show that the radiation sources were well associated with the storm development.When the storm was at the mature stage with an echo top of about 10.9 km,the radiation sources ranged from 5.2 to 8.3 km above mean sea level;when the storm gradually became weaker,with echo top of about 7.9 km,the radiation sources ranged from 3.0 to 5.9 km.In particular,one of the IC lightning discharges ranged from 3.0 to 4.9 km during the dissipation stage of the storm.The results also indicate that the radiation sources were closely associated with the high reflectivity region（25–50 dBZ）of the storm,which,to some extent,demonstrates the reliability of the location results,thereby showing that multi-station observations of fast electric field change sensors could be a useful tool for monitoring the storm development.Location errors from radiation sources were also compared with the radar data and the results of a simple simulation.It was found that the errors were getting smaller when the radiation sources approached the center of the detection network, and vice versa.Compared with the limited experimental observations,the simulation results were found capable of effectively reflecting the location errors.  相似文献