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31.
Xavier Emery 《Mathematical Geology》2003,35(6):699-718
This paper presents a methodology for assessing local probability distributions by disjunctive kriging when the available data set contains some imprecise measurements, like noisy or soft information or interval constraints. The basic idea consists in replacing the set of imprecise data by a set of pseudohard data simulated from their posterior distribution; an iterative algorithm based on the Gibbs sampler is proposed to achieve such a simulation step. The whole procedure is repeated many times and the final result is the average of the disjunctive kriging estimates computed from each simulated data set. Being data-independent, the kriging weights need to be calculated only once, which enables fast computing. The simulation procedure requires encoding each datum as a pre-posterior distribution and assuming a Markov property to allow the updating of pre-posterior distributions into posterior ones. Although it suffers some imperfections, disjunctive kriging turns out to be a much more flexible approach than conditional expectation, because of the vast class of models that allows its computation, namely isofactorial models. 相似文献
32.
安徽女山单斜辉石巨晶的地球化学 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
本文研究了安徽女山14个单斜辉石巨晶。它们属于铝普通辉石、透辉石和铁钠造辉石。主要元素、稀土和微量元素及同位素特征表明:它们是同一碱性玄武岩浆在幔源条件下不同程度结晶分异的产物,相对于寄主岩均属捕虏晶,可能自中生代即已开始形成。 相似文献
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35.
浙江花岗岩类地球化学与地壳演化——Ⅱ.元古宙花岗岩类 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
浙江元古宙花岗岩类包括神功期(1.8-1.9Ga)和晋宁晚期(0.6—0.9Ga)。研究了浙江元古宙花岗岩类的主元素、微量元素、稀土元素和Rb、Sr同位素组成特征及岩石成因,探讨了浙江地壳的演化。浙江地壳形成于太古亩和元古宙,地壳增生的时期为2.6-2.7、0.8-1.1和0.1-0.12Ga。随时间演化浙江地壳组成有变化,但分异演化不明显。沿江-绍断裂分布的晋宁晚期慢源和壳幔混合中酸性岩是普宁期俯冲碰撞的证据。加里乐和印支期是两次规模不大的构造运动。 相似文献
36.
Bi Fuzhi Yuan Youshen Institute of Crustal Dynamics State Seismological Bureau Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》1997,71(4):395-406
This paper expounds the quantitative tectonic indicators and some qualitative indicators of large earthquakes in the coast areas of Fujian, Guangdong, Taiwan and Hainan. The main quantitative indicators include uplift amplitude of the Moho, Quaternary and Late Holocene coasts. The paper also gives a brief account of the research method on quantitative indicators of surface uplifted zones. Taiwan is a famous neotectonic zone and an area of large earthquakes in the world. There is only one large-earthquake area in each of Fujian, Guangdong and Hainan Provinces. Along the coast large earthquake areas there are certainly many remains of crustal activity. Among these remains, coast activity, taking the sea level as the accurate marker horizon, can determine not only the amplitude of coastal elevation and subsidence in a certain period, but also the cycle and rate of positive or negative movements. 相似文献
37.
Type-specific and indicator taxa of phytoplankton as a quality criterion for assessing the ecological status of Finnish boreal lakes 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Key issues in the implementation of the Water Framework Directive are classification of lakes using biological quality parameters and type-specific reference conditions. This work is one of three studies considering different metrics of phytoplankton in the classification of ecological status. Phytoplankton was studied in a total of 55 Finnish boreal lakes, including 32 reference lakes. We tested the suitability of taxonomic composition and abundance of phytoplankton groups for biological classification. We also preliminarily determined the type-specific taxa for the studied lakes. The type-specific taxa for reference conditions are coincidently the indicator species/taxa for high ecological status. Interestingly, some taxa type-specific for impacted oligo-humic lakes proved to be the type-specific taxa for humic reference lakes. The pressure of human impact was observed not only as increase of biomass but also as changes in the species composition. The phytoplankton composition indicated the ecological status of impacted lakes moderately well. There was some variation in the indications given by different algal groups, probably due to the preliminary class boundaries used. However, the preliminary combination of indicative parameters to estimate the ecological status of the studied impacted lakes was in general in accordance with earlier classification of water quality in Finnish lakes. 相似文献
38.
In this study the inelastic behavior of steel arch bridges subjected to strong ground motions from major earthquakes is investigated by dynamic analyses of a typical steel arch bridge using a three‐dimensional (3D) analytical model, since checking seismic performance against severe earthquakes is not usually performed when designing such kinds of bridge. The bridge considered is an upper‐deck steel arch bridge having a reinforced concrete (RC) deck, steel I‐section girders and steel arch ribs. The input ground motions are accelerograms which are modified ground motions based on the records from the 1995 Hyogoken‐Nanbu earthquake. Both the longitudinal and transverse dynamic characteristics of the bridge are studied by investigation of time‐history responses of the main parameters. It is found that seismic responses are small when subjected to the longitudinal excitation, but significantly large under the transverse ground motion due to plasticization formed in some segments such as arch rib ends and side pier bases where axial force levels are very high. Finally, a seismic performance evaluation method based on the response strain index is proposed for such steel bridge structures. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
39.
RGMAP系统在1:5万区调中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据RGMAP系统在崇阳县幅1:5万区调过程中的应用实践.阐述了数字区调过程中的数字路线、数字实测剖面数据采集以及室内数据整理、地质图编稿和专题图件制作的工作流程和方法,在此基础上对RGMAP综合应用进行了展望. 相似文献
40.
大井锡多金属成矿地质特征及找矿方向探讨 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
内蒙古林西大井锡多金属矿是我国北方最大的锡多金属矿床,通过对其地质背景、成矿地质条件、富集规律、控矿因素的认识和分析,建立大井式的综合找矿标志,对指导矿区及其外围找矿,扩大矿产资源、发展地方经济,具有重要的意义。 相似文献