On depletion of an exhausting natural resource     

Lester D. Taylor 《Natural Resources Research》1998,7(3):225-232

This paper addresses some of the issues currently surrounding natural resource depletion in national income accounting and makes an argument that user costs associated with exhausting natural resources ought not be treated as costs of production and subtracted from net national product in order to arrive at a “net” net national product. Depletion charges should be reflected in income accounts only to the extent that they are actually taken, in which case they should be treated as saving, rather than as a cost. Purely notional disappearances of natural resources should be recorded in off-balance sheet accounts or satellite accounts, not income statements. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the WSSA conference in Albuquerque, NM in April 1997.  相似文献   

国际大通道建设对云南旅游业的影响及对策   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

黄华  王洁 《云南地理环境研究》2005,17(4):62-65

云南省构建“通江达海、连接周边”的国际大通道,将改变云南交通基础设施的落后面貌、充分发挥云南连接中国与东南亚、南亚的天然通道的区位优势,对包括旅游业在内的云南经济社会的发展产生深远影响。云南旅游业将面临机遇和挑战。云南旅游业应勇敢面对挑战,采取以下对策:(1)与国际大通道建设结合,统筹规划沿线旅游业的发展;(2)加强旅游与交通的结合;(3)加强同其它邻近省份、国家的旅游合作;(4)提高人口的旅游意识和综合素质;(5)打造旅游精品,优化旅游产品结构;(6)加强生态环境和民族文化的保护。  相似文献   

Merging remote-sensing images for geological-environmental mapping: application to the Cabo de Gata-Níjar Natural Park, Spain     

J. P. Rigol  M. Chica-Olmo 《Environmental Geology》1998,34(2-3):194-202

 The Cabo de Gata Níjar Natural Park in Spain presents certain unique characteristics which make it of great geological, ecological and environmental interest. As a prior step to the environmental study of the park and the impact produced by the mining activities carried out up until ten years ago, the mining and waste-tip areas were defined and a lithological discrimination carried out. For this purpose, various remote-sensing techniques were employed to create high-resolution image documents on which the geological and environmental mapping of the area would be based, with special attention being paid to the areas of former mining activity because of its implications for the local environment. The merging of remote-sensing images with different spatial/spectral resolutions has become a highly useful tool, due to their increasing availability. Such is the case of the SPOT panchromatic and Landsat Thematic Mapper multispectral images, which are two of the most commonly used images in geological and environmental studies based on remote sensing. Of the numerous techniques described for merging remote sensing image data, this paper analyses those based on Intensity-Hue-Saturation, Principal Component Analysis, Spherical Coordinates, High-Pass Filters and Colour Normalized transform, using SPOT panchromatic and Landsat TM data. The research goals were (1) to analyse and compare some of the most commonly used methods; (2) to select the most appropriate method for a detailed geological-environmental study, and (3) to apply the methodology to the Cabo de Gata-Níjar area, the site of one of the most distinctive natural parks in the country. Received: 29 November 1996 · Accepted: 29 July 1997  相似文献   

沪蓉高速公路西段线路工程地质遥感解译   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘玉山  王红明  邓长青 《山地学报》2004,22(3):352-356

沪蓉高速公路西段路线走廊带是我国西南喀斯特生态环境脆弱区，喀斯特发育，存在一些重要的不良地质现象，如喀斯特地面塌陷和滑坡。该区在长期地壳运动发展中，不同时期、不同规模、不同方向的断裂构造体随时间、空间(构造位置及边界条件)和构造运动方式的变化，在各种地应力场的作用下形成了不同性质、不同规模等级的线性构造形迹。在沪蓉高速公路西段勘察中，利用空间图像的光谱特征和几何图形特征，探讨遥感解译过程中对各类线性构造分布及其特征的识别、判别工作方法与流程。  相似文献   

有限元模拟在路堑边坡稳定性分析中的应用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

兰智雄  王国斌  刘玉山 《山地学报》2004,22(3):368-372

以沪蓉国道主干线湖北省高坪-吉心段某开挖深路堑为例，探讨有限元分析在边坡稳定性计算中应用的基本方法和基本步骤，并用剩余推力法的计算结果与之进行对比。比较结果表明，两种方法的计算结果都认为本路堑自然稳定性较好，按此次计算方案开挖后不存在失稳问题，但剩余推力法计算稳定系数略大于有限元分析计算结果。换而言之，用有限元分析计算结果更偏向于安全。  相似文献   

福建漳州牛头山火山地质公园火山喷发层序及岩相   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

林长江 《福建地质》2002,21(4):195-199

牛头山火山地质公园位于风景壮观秀丽的闽南漳州市海滨，构造位置处于平潭一东山北东向断裂带中段，火山口坐落在龙海市隆教乡白塘村附近，涨潮时古火山口部分被海水淹没成为孤立于海中的小岛，退潮时，火山口全貌再露海面，火山口附近有一深槽（凹地），直径约8m，低于周围岩石3m，火山岩地层为新第三纪佛昙组上段玄武岩，根据岩性分布特征及岩石结构构造和岩层的产状等。可划分为喷溢相和火山颈相，是省内保存较完好的新生代古火山机构。  相似文献   

湖南云山国家森林公园的特征与功能     

郑伯红 《热带地理》1995,15(1):70-76

本文经过实地考察与查证，论述了云山国家森林公园的基本特征与功能，并对其建设与管理提出了具体建议和措施。  相似文献   

三爪仑国家森林公园旅游气候分析   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

刘春燕  孙国栋 《气象与减灾研究》2001,24(4):40-42

从气候特点、旅游气候适宜度、气象气候风景资源及旅游气象障碍等方面进行分析,发现三爪仑国家森林公园是理想的观光、度假、避暑和疗养的胜地。  相似文献   

关于地下空间重要的国家资源 开发利用问题的思考          下载免费PDF全文

赵国隆 《探矿工程》2001,(1):2-5

从构成城市建筑物的发展历史看，21世纪是人类开发利用地下空间的世纪。地下空间是国家的重要资源。全球陆地地表被各类工程建筑物等占去1／6，随着工业化、商业化、城市化进程的加快，人地矛盾加剧，土地的承载力加重，充分开发利用地下空间资源是必然趋势。城市地下空间开发利用技术的发展趋势是综合化、分层化与深层化、城市交通地下化等，提出了把地下空间开发作为国策、纳入城乡规划的法制轨道及加强地下空间的开发技术－岩土工程勘察技术、开挖技术和设计施工技术等建议。  相似文献   

An investigation of the environmental loads of Shei-Pa National Park in Taiwan   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

N.-W. Kuo  Yue-Hwa Yu 《Environmental Geology》2001,40(3):312-316

 Recreation is one of the functions of national parks. Nevertheless, heavy tourism has started to impose serious problems on the maintenance of some national parks in Taiwan. This study has tried to survey as well as calculate the impact problems resulting from park tourism in terms of environmental loads. A simple method is proposed to calculate the quantity of environmental loads. Only visitor information from questionnaires and per capita data are needed in the calculation process. Shei-Pa National Park was taken as an example. The water demand, the electricity used and the various forms of the environmental loads, including wastewater and solid waste discharge, were all surveyed and calculated on a per capita basis. Received: 21 July 1999 · Accepted: 8 November 1999  相似文献