NO emissions as observed by SPICAV during stellar occultations     

Emilie Royer  Franck Montmessin  Jean-Loup Bertaux 《Planetary and Space Science》2010,58(10):1314-1326

Ultraviolet (UV) nightglow data from the SPICAV instrument (SPectroscopy for the Investigation of the Characteristics of the Atmosphere of Venus) onboard the Venus Express spacecraft, currently in orbit around Venus, are presented. In its extended source mode, SPICAV has shown that the Venus nightglow in the UV contains essentially Lyman-α and Nitric Oxide (NO) emissions. In the stellar mode, when the slit of the spectrometer is removed, an emission is also observed at the limb in addition to the stellar spectrum. A forward model allows us to identify this feature as being an NO emission. Due to radiative recombination of N and O atoms produced on the dayside of Venus, and transported to the nightside, NO nightglow provides important constraints to the Solar-to-Anti Solar thermospheric circulation prevailing above 90 km. The forward model presented here allows us to derive the altitude of the peak of emission of the NO layer, found at 113.5±6 km, as well as its scale height, of 3.4±1 km and its brightness. The latter is found to be very variable with emissions between 19 Kilo-Rayleigh (kR) and 540 kR. In addition, the NO nightglow is sometimes very patchy, as we are able to observe two distinct emission zones in the field of view. Finally, systematic extraction of this emission from stellar occultations extends the database of the NO emission already reported elsewhere using limb observations.  相似文献   

深源包体铁镁氧化物与金含量的回归分析     

何雨明  杨牧 《化工矿产地质》2010,32(4):206-210

超基性岩和基性岩中金原子可能以类质同像取代铁镁矿物中的铁镁原子,金原子与铁镁原子之间的这种类质同像置换使得金含量与铁镁氧化物关系密切。华北地块北缘作为我国最重要的金成矿区具有代表性的研究意义。深源包体可以排除外来壳源物质混染的影响,因此对深源包体铁镁氧化物与金含量进行回归分析旨在将铁镁氧化物与金含量的的关系由定性推向定量,以期对金元素的成矿特性获得些许新的认识。回归分析表明,华北地块北缘深源包体金含量与镁氧化物的线性关系较之与铁氧化物线性关系明显,但均呈负相关,推测是受不同程度熔融的影响并且金元素以气态形式从地核迁移入地幔,使得金原子与铁镁原子之间的类质同像取代现象不明显。  相似文献   

碳酸盐岩红色风化壳中的氧化铁矿物   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

朱立军  李景阳 《地质科学》2001,36(4):395-401

氧化铁矿物是碳酸盐岩红色风化壳的主要矿物成分和重要结构单元。运用X射线衍射、透射电镜、扫描电镜、穆斯堡尔谱和电子探针等方法对碳酸盐岩红色风化壳中的氧化铁矿物进行了系统研究。碳酸盐岩红色风化壳中的氧化铁矿物主要有针铁矿、赤铁矿和磁赤铁矿。氧化铁矿物组合、含量和化学成分随成土环境和风化强度在剖面中呈明显的规律性变化,这为碳酸盐岩风化成土作用、红色风化壳成因与环境问题的深入研究提供了重要的矿物学依据。  相似文献   

黔东北地区氧化锰矿的成因类型及找矿方向     

何明华 《贵州地质》2001,18(3):168-173

黔东北地区的氧化锰矿床系风化矿床，按其成因可进一步分为残积矿床和淋积矿床两种。前者在区域上分布相对较广，是由原生菱锰矿床经次生风化而成，呈带状延伸；后者是由锰质对原矿层附近围岩淋滤加积而成。本文探讨了不同类型矿床的特征和分布规律，同时还对该区氧化锰矿的成矿机理、控矿因素和区域找矿方向作了粗浅分析。  相似文献   

Bacterial biogas production in coastal systems affected by freshwater inputs   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

D. Marty  P. Bonin  V. Michotey  M. Bianchi 《Continental Shelf Research》2001,21(18-19)

The concentrations of two greenhouse gases, nitrous oxide (N₂O) and methane (CH₄), and the bacterial processes involved in their production (nitrification and denitrification for N₂O, and methanogenesis for CH₄), were determined in surface waters of two coastal areas under the influence of freshwater inputs, on one part in the Gulf of Lions and the Rhone River plume, in northwestern Mediterranean Sea, and on the other part in the inner Thermaikos Gulf, in Aegean Sea, eastern Mediterranean Sea. High concentrations of dissolved CH₄ and N₂O were recorded in the surface waters of Gulf of Lions and Gulf of Thermaikos, up to 1300 nM for CH₄, and 40 nM for N₂O. No direct relationship could be found between the concentration and production of the biogases, as they may also be produced in deep water or bottom sediment in shallow areas, or derived from anthropogenic activity or ship contamination in polluted areas. Irrespective of the origin of CH₄ and N₂O, the presence of extremely high concentrations of these two gases in superficial seawater implies that they can easily escape to the atmosphere; consequently, these nearshore waters enriched in greenhouse gases may play an important role in the increase in atmospheric concentration of both CH₄ and N₂O.  相似文献   

Ground Based FTIR Measurements of Stratospheric Species from Harestua, Norway During Sesame and Comparison with Models     

B. Galle  J. Mellqvist  D.W. Arlander  I. Fløisand  M.P. Chipperfield  A.M. Lee 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1999,32(1):147-164

Vertical columns of HF, HCl, HNO3, ClONO2, N2O, ClO and COF2 were measured at Harestua, Norway (60.22° N, 10.75° E, Elevation 600 a.s.l.) beginning on 24 November 1994 and concluding on 1 May 1995 during Phase-III of the SESAME (Second European Stratospheric Arctic and Mid-latitude Experiment) measurement campaign. The vertical columns of HCl, HNO3 and ClONO2 measured on 81 days were compared with columns calculated by the 3-D Cambridge model SLIMCAT. In addition the results were also interpreted by comparison with a photochemical trajectory model. Good agreement was seen for HCl while the nitrogen compounds showed larger discrepancies, especially for ClONO2. Evidence for chlorine activation was seen with 65% reduction of the chlorine reservoirs (HCl + ClONO2) while the levels of ClO were greatly enhanced. Interpretation of the loss with the trajectory model indicated condensation of chlorine on PSCs. The vertical column ratio of COF2 and HF was measured to 0.21 outside the vortex and a factor of two lower inside. The recovery of ClONO2 was seen to be much faster than that of HCl in the early spring.  相似文献   

A study to explain the emission of nitric oxide from a marsh soil   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Armin Remde  Jörg Ludwig  Franz X. Meixner  Ralf Conrad 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1993,17(3):249-275

In the period 18–21 September 1989, soil NO emission was studied at Halvergate Marshes, Norfolk (U.K.) within the framework of the BIATEX-LOVENOX joint field experiment. Using a dynamic chamber technique, 186 measurements at four plots were performed showing a net NO flux of 7.2–14.6×10^–12 kgN m^–2 s^–1. Soil samples from a soil profile (1.0 m) at a representative site and from the uppermost layer (0.1 m) of each of the four plots were sent to the laboratory for (a) detailed physical and chemical soil analysis, (b) determination of NO production rates, NO uptake rate constants, and NO compensation mixing ratios, and (c) characterization of the microbial processes involved. A diffusive model (Galbally and Johansson, 1989) was applied to the laboratory results to infer NO fluxes of the individual soil samples. When we compared these fluxes with those measured in the field, we found agreement within a factor 2–4. Furthermore, laboratory studies showed, that NO was produced and consumed only in the upper soil layer (0–0.1 m depth) and that the NO production and consumption activities observed in the Halvergate marsh soil were most probably due to the anaerobic metabolism of denitrifying bacteria operating in anaerobic microniches within the generally aerobic soil.  相似文献   

硫化矿氧化率测定问题的研究：Ⅲ.硫化锌矿中氧化锌的分离测定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄宝贵 《岩矿测试》1994,13(1):6-10

研究了络合剂乙二胺作为分离流化锌矿中锌矿物的选择性溶剂的优越性及其具体应用条件。１０％乙二胺－１０％（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４溶液于室温下电磁搅拌浸取，氧化锌矿物的浸取率＞９７％，而闪锌矿等在该溶剂体系中溶解率≤０．２％，具有比较高的选择性。方法已用于实际样品分析。  相似文献   

陕甘宁盆地泥质岩氧化物的比值及其古气候意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘文彬 《地球科学进展》1993,8(6):57-62

应用泥质岩的多种氧化物比值,探讨了陕甘宁盆地石炭至侏罗纪的古气候状况及其演变规律,自中石炭世至中三叠世,再由晚三叠世至安定期,泥质岩的各种氧化物比值有着逐渐依次增大或减小的两个互不雷同的旋回,与之相应,以上时期反映在古气候上存在着由潮湿→半潮湿→半干燥的早、晚两个旋回。  相似文献   

Expression of nitric oxide synthase in the developing eye of Zebrafish<Emphasis Type="Italic">Danio rerio</Emphasis>     

王勇军  张士璀 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2004,22(4):399-402

Expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the developing eye of zebrafish was studied by NADPH-diaphorase staining technique. NOS activity was frst observed in the optic primordium and the lens placode at 5-somite stage, and remained basically unchanged up to the prim-5 stage. Upon hatching, NOS activity was nearly equally detected in the gangalion cell layer and the photoreceptor layer in the developing retina. However, it began declining in the inner plexiform layer and the inner nuclear layer at this stage. NOS activity disappeared in the lens although the anterior lens epithelium was strongly stained. Two days after hatching, NOS activity was still strong in the photoreceptor layer, but decreased markedly in the gangalion cell layer, the inner plexiform layer and the inner nuclear layer with the retinal patterning. These suggested that nitric oxide (NO), the product of NOS, is not only involved in the modulation of patterning and differentiation of the retinal cells but also in the regulation of proliferation, and differentiation of the lens fibrocytes.  相似文献