温室气体排放的环境库兹涅茨曲线检验与减排路径的冲击动态——基于黑龙江省统计核算数据   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张滨  吕洁华 《气候变化研究进展》2019,15(1):84-94

基于2001-2015年黑龙江省温室气体排放统计核算数据,对地区GDP与温室气体排放的环境库兹涅茨曲线关系检验呈现倒U型,预期2019年达到理论拐点;通过偏最小二乘回归模型得到4个减排路径的年平均减排效果顺序依次为单位GDP化石能源消费量减少、经济结构调整、人均GDP增长、贸易结构变化;减排路径对应脉冲响应函数的动态冲击效果分别为波动性增排、收敛性减排、发散性减排、转变的排放作用;推动黑龙江省温室气体减排的路径顺序为控制化石能源消费量、优化经济结构、发展低碳经济、调整贸易结构。  相似文献   

伊犁河谷初冬降水条件下风廓线雷达评估分析     

刘凡  杨莲梅 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2019,13(5):34-40

对伊犁河谷地区初冬降水条件下风廓线雷达资料评估其数据获取率并与探空资料进行对比分析,定义两者风向偏差在10°以内或风速偏差在1 m/s范围的样本为有效样本,分别用E_v和E_d表示风速有效样本比率(风速有效样本数/总样本数)和风向有效样本比率(风向有效样本数/总样本数)。结果显示:超过80%数据获取率的高度,降雨时为3000 m,降雪时达到预设2000 m;降雪时E_v和E_d均比无降水时高,且降雪量大小与风廓线的探测高度呈正相关,降雪量大小对E_d有明显影响,对E_v无明显影响;比较不同高度数据,降雪时0～3 km范围的E_v和E_d值均比无降水时高30%左右,无降水时3～5 km范围的E_d接近100%。  相似文献   

Economy,culture and environment: perspectives on the Australian food industry     

Robert Fagan 《The Australian geographer》1995,26(1):1-10

Intersections between economy, culture and environment pose exciting future challenges for human geography. Part of Griffith Taylor's pioneering role as a geographer was to investigate relationships between these three aspects of human life, although his agenda was that of environmental determinism. This paper considers these intersections as they relate to contemporary geographical studies of restructuring, in particular the emergence of a genuinely global economic system since about 1980. Recent developments in cultural geography argue that geographical analysis of restructuring has been dominated by an economic determinism which has buried other stories which could be told about industrial change. The paper sketches lines of possible dialogue between economic geography and cultural studies, illustrating the argument with examples from restructuring in the Australian food industry. In opening such a dialogue, economic geography would be better placed to return to interactions between economy, culture and environment. In his day, Taylor was not afraid to upset the conventional wisdom about these relationships and this may be one of his most enduring legacies.  相似文献   

中国食物安全基础的定量评估   总被引：16，自引：1，他引：16  

傅泽强  蔡运龙  杨友孝 《地理研究》2001,20(5):555-563

食物安全水平受粮食生产和供给能力、食物结构的多样化以及居民的收入水平或获取维持生命所需食物的能力等因素共同作用和影响。本文从食物安全的内涵出发,依据评价指标选取原则,选定了与食物安全密切相关的评价指标,包括粮食自给率、食物消费水平及居民消费水平等,构建了食物安全可持续性综合指数模型,计算了1950～1998年我国食物安全可持续性综合指数,对我国食物安全可持续状况进行了单因子和多因子综合评价。结果表明:在50年代我国处于食物基本安全状态,60～70年代处于食物不安全状态,80年代初期及至90年代已进入食物安全阶段。从60年代开始食物安全水平逐年提高,80年代以来进入持续良性发展阶段。  相似文献   

中国三大地带经济增长差异的系统分析   总被引：24，自引：2，他引：24  

吴殿廷 《地域研究与开发》2001,20(2):10-15

中国的城乡差异是独特的，以人均GDP作为衡量标准来描述区域差异和进行国际比较不甚确切，文章以统计数据为基础 ，在考察了三大地带农民人均纯收入和城市居民可支配收入差异的基础上，对1978-1998年20年间三大地带经济不平衡发展作了系统分析，通过定量计算得结论；三大地带之间的差距虽然明显，但不可怕，造成三大地带经济增长差异的原因，除了历史基础和自然条件以外，首先是投入强度（尤其是人均外商直接投资额），其次是出口能力和经济体制（所有制结构），产业结构和社会文化因素也有一定影响。为缓解三大地带的差距，并保证国家整体经济实力的持续增强，近期的投资重点应放在中部地带，尤其是中部城市。  相似文献   

新疆棉花的比较优势:基于粮棉单产比的分析   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

盛承发  苏建伟  王红托  宣维健 《干旱区地理》2001,24(2):109-112

1992～ 1998年新疆、山东、安徽及全国的粮棉单产比分别为 3.75、7.2 4、6 .35、和 5 .0 7,新疆比山东和安徽分别低 3.5和 2 .6。回归分析表明 ,粮棉单产比每下降 1,来年棉产上升 7.8%。综合考虑农民人均收入、棉花运输成本及WTO等因素 ,在皮棉产量达到 175× 10 4 t之前 ,新疆棉花的比较优势不大可能出现大的逆转  相似文献   

COUNTING FARMERS MARKETS     

ALLISON BROWN 《Geographical review》2001,91(4):655-674

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Diel changes in the feeding behaviour of Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) in Ellidavatn, a small lake in southwest Iceland     

Bjrn Bjrnsson 《Limnologica》2001,31(4):281-288

In the lake Ellidavatn, southwest Iceland, the diel activity of Arctic char and brown trout was studied in autumn (September) and spring (April) by removing the fish from gillnets every 3 hours for three days. Additional fish samples, evening and morning, were taken at other times of the year. The catch per unit effort was about 10 times higher during the nighttime than daytime for both char and trout. The median weight of char was lowest near the middle of night (80 g) and highest near the middle of day (140 g). The median weight of trout was also lowest near the middle of night (110 g) and highest near the middle of day (330 g). The main diet of char consisted of the cladoceran Eurycercus lamellatus in September and chironomid larvae in April and the main diet of trout was always sticklebacks. In autumn and spring, the feeding was nocturnal in the char but crepuscular in the trout. The median stomach content of char was highest at dawn (0.52% of body weight) and lowest at dusk (0.14% of body weight). It is proposed that nocturnal char shift through the bottom substrate in search for prey. The median stomach content of trout was highest at 09.00–18.00 and 24.00–03.00 hours (0.13–0.18% of body weight) and lowest at 03.00–06.00 and 18.00–21.00 hours (0.02–0.07% of body weight). Different feeding times may help to secure mutual coexistence of char and trout in a small lake. In autumn and spring, the average daily consumption of char was about 0.8% of body weight, less than half their maximum food intake.  相似文献   

脉冲电镀金刚石钻头试验研究     

段隆臣  杨凯华 《现代地质》1996,10(3):423-426

介绍脉冲电镀在人造金刚石孕镶钻头上的应用研究，探讨脉冲电镀机理，采用正交试验法优化脉冲电镀工艺参数；研制了脉冲电镀钻头，生产钻头周期缩短了３０％。在室内和野外生产试验中，发现脉冲电镀钻头较直流电镀钻头有如下优点：钻进地层适用范围广、钻进时效高。  相似文献   

我国人均粮食变化的地理研究   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10  

郭柏林 《地理科学》1996,16(3):238-244

人均粮食占有量是反映粮食供给水平的重要指标，本文分析了我国人均粮食占有量变化的阶段和地理特征，并探讨了其与粮食增产的关系，对因地制宜调控人粮关系有一定参考价值。  相似文献