塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘3种荒漠植物光合特性的比较          下载免费PDF全文

朱军涛  李向义  张希明  林丽莎  杨尚功 《干旱区地理》2012,35(1):171-176

在2008年6、7和8月中旬,以塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘固氮植物骆驼刺（Alhagi sparsiftia Shap．）和非固氮植物柽柳（Tamarx ramossimaLedeb．）、花花柴（Karelinia caspica Less．）为研究对象,研究了两种类型植物的净光合速率、光响应、CO：响应模型参数、叶绿素和叶氮...  相似文献   

Control of primary productivity and the significance of photosynthetic bacteria in a meromictic kettle lake. Mittlerer Buchensee,West-Germany     

Jörg Overmann  Max M. Tilzer 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1989,51(4):261-278

During 1986 planktonic primary production and controlling factors were investigated in a small (A₀ = 11.8 · 10³ m², Z_max = 11.5 m) meromictic kettle lake (Mittlerer Buchensee). Annual phytoplankton productivity was estimated to ca 120 gC · m^–2 · a^–1 (1,42 tC · lake^–1 · a^–1). The marked thermal stratification of the lake led to irregular vertical distributions of chlorophylla concentrations (Chla) and, to a minor extent, of photosynthesis (A_z). Between the depths of 0 to 6 m low Chla concentrations (< 7 mg · m^–3) and comparatively high background light attenuation (k_w = 0,525 m^–1, 77% of total attenuation due to gelbstoff and abioseston) was found. As a consequence, light absorption by algae was low (mean value 17,4%) and self-shading was absent.Because of the small seasonal variation of Chla concentrations, no significant correlation between Chla and areal photosynthesis (A) was observed. Only in early summer (June–July) biomass appears to influence the vertical distribution of photosynthesis on a bigger scale. Around 8 m depth, low-light adapted algae and phototrophic bacteria formed dense layers. Due to low ambient irradiances, the contribution of these organisms to total primary productivity was small. Primary production and incident irradiance were significantly correlated with each other (r² = 0.68). Although the maximum assimilation number (P_opt) showed a clear dependence upon water temperature (Q₁₀ = 2.31), the latter was of minor importance to areal photosynthesis.  相似文献   

冬小麦灌浆期旗叶光曲线及叶绿素荧光参数研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵薇  李贞  王谦 《气象与环境科学》2017,40(1):64-72

利用叶绿素荧光这一光合作用的敏感指针,以河南农业大学试验基地栽种的冬小麦"西农979"灌浆期的旗叶为材料,采用Mini-PAM叶绿素荧光仪测定其光合作用的叶绿素荧光参数的日变化和对不同温度胁迫的响应,以及光响应曲线,求出光饱和点I0和半饱和光强Ik,研究其光合器官的光合作用特征。结果表明:1)在灌浆期冬小麦的光饱和点为2236.5μmol/(m2·s),半饱和光强Ik为647.7μmol/(m2·s),表明灌浆期的冬小麦旗叶对强光的耐受力较强。2)在日变化的测量中出现高温胁迫现象,Fv/Fm、q P、q L和Y(NO)指示光合作用对高温胁迫的响应波动较大;Y(II)在10:00达到全天最大值,随温度的升高不断下降,r ETR、q N、NPQ、Y(NPQ)均与Y(II)对高温胁迫的响应相互验证,对环境温度变化较为敏感,是评价冬小麦光合作用的重要指标。3)对不同温度胁迫的响应,q N、NPQ、Y(NPQ)和Y(NO)随温度升高存在转折点,且均为36℃,该温度下冬小麦旗叶光合器官开始失活或被破坏,在温度达到41℃以上时这种破坏趋于稳定,且十分严重。  相似文献   

Study on model for remote sensing estimation of maize yield     

刘兆礼  黄铁青  万恩璞  张养贞 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1998,8(2):161-167

ＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＭＯＤＥＬＦＯＲＲＥＭＯＴＥＳＥＮＳＩＮＧＥＳＴＩＭＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＭＡＩＺＥＹＩＥＬＤＬｉｕＺｈａｏｌｉ（刘兆礼）ＨｕａｎｇＴｉｅｑｉｎｇ（黄铁青）ＷａｎＥｎｐｕ（万恩璞）ＺｈａｎｇＹａｎｇｚｈｅｎ（张养贞）ＣｈａｎｇｃｈｕｎＩｎｓｔｉ...  相似文献   

Interactive Effects of UV-B Radiation and Chemical Contamination on Physiological Parameters in the Lichen Ramalina lacera     

Jacob Garty  Tal Levin  Haya Lehr  Sharon Tomer  Ayala Hochman 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2004,49(1-3):267-289

To assess the impact of ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation under laboratory conditions on lichens from different biomonitoring sites, thalli of the lichen Ramalina lacera were transplanted from a clean air site to nine different polluted sites in Israel. Our objective was to determine the probability of synergistic/antagonistic effects on physiological parameters by considering two stressors: chemical contamination and UV-B. Exposure to both airborne pollutants in the field and subsequent UV-B radiation in the laboratory which led to a severe disintegration of cell membranes, followed by electrolyte leakage, indicate the probability of a synergistic effect. The impairment of the potential quantum yield of electron transfer through photosystem II (PSII) of photosynthesis indicated by a significant decrease of the ratio F_v/F_m, further demonstrated the synergistic effect of both chemical contamination and UV-B radiation. Besides enlarged amounts of stress-ethylene in lichens at contaminated sites, the reduced levels of ethylene production upon UV-B radiation in the present study suggest the likelihood of an antagonistic effect of xenobiotic elements and UV-B radiation as a result of an impaired ethylene-producing system.  相似文献   

固定化海洋光合细菌处理生活污水的研究     

黄宝兴  李兰生  赵亮  张微  唐迎迎 《海洋湖沼通报》2006,(2):69-74

已有的研究证明,固定化光合细菌对污水中有机污染物的处理效果优于分散的光合细菌。本文利用从海洋中筛选分离的海洋光合细菌,以海藻酸钠为海洋光合细菌固定化基质,蒙脱石纳米材料为固定化基质添加剂,研究了固定化海洋光合细菌处理生活污水的效用。研究表明,使用海藻酸钠为基质的固定化海洋光合细菌和以蒙脱石纳米材料为添加剂的固定化海洋光合细菌对生活污水中的氮、磷均具有一定的处理效率,前者对氨氮、总氮和总磷的处理率最高分别为87.68%,70.95%和71.90%。添加蒙脱石纳米材料为添加剂后的固定化海洋光合细菌的去除率则分别为91.30%,73.51%和84.88%。添加有纳米蒙脱石的固定化海洋光合细菌比没有添加的固定化海洋光合细菌的去除率高10%左右,而且两者对氮、磷的处理速率也有大幅度的提高,在12h左右即可将处理效率提高到60%~80%。在高浓度有机废水和高氮磷浓度的废水处理中具有较强优势,同时由于该方法使用固定化光合细菌的量较少,回收简单,对污水处理中的污泥减量化也有一定的贡献。  相似文献   

水体环境因子与对虾疾病关系   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王方国  刘金灿 《海洋学研究》1992,10(4):37-41

本文分析了水体的温度、盐度、pH、溶解氧、总氮、磷和钙等各因子与发生对虾疾病的关系。提出采用抗生素、化学、生物三种方法来改善水体环境和水质,以达到防治虾病的目的。  相似文献   

我国鱼类生殖生理学研究概况   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

施瑔芳 《海洋与湖沼》1992,23(3):325-333

我国从50年代开始,根据渔业生产的需要,成功地进行了几种家鱼的人工繁殖试验。同时,也开展了鱼类生殖生理学的基础研究,使工作不断深入和提高。本文综述了我国40年来一系列有关鱼类生殖生理学的研究概况。  相似文献   

厦门港海水光合色素特征   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

彭兴跃  洪海征  黄明  何学佳 《台湾海峡》2002,21(1):78-85

应用反相高效液相色谱（RP-HPLC）方法分析测定了冬季厦门鼓浪屿水文观测站两周内不同潮位海水中的光合色素的组成与含量，包括多甲藻素、19‘-已酰基氧化岩藻黄素、硅甲藻黄素、硅藻黄素、玉米黄素、叶绿素a、脱镁叶绿素a、β-胡萝卜素等。同时还实测了小于藻、金藻、盐藻、甲藻、角毛藻、螺旋藻等多个实验室培养藻种的色素组成。数据表明，不同种类的藻类具有不同的色素组成特征，从海水中光合色素的分析数据可推测其浮游植物主要种类组成情况。潮汐的水动力情况在色素组成变化上有所反映，表明港内外的乳游植物组成分布有梯度存在，且在特征上有所不同。  相似文献   

鱼蚌套养中应用光合细菌的研究     

王育锋  蔡绍柱 《海洋湖沼通报》1993,(1):78-82

本文对鱼蚌套养中光合细菌的应用进行了研究。结果表明,试验池比对照池每亩增产11.99%,节省电44.5度,净利润提高40.9%。  相似文献