Spatial dynamics of retail structure and the venerable retail hierarchy   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Johan G. Borchert 《GeoJournal》1998,45(4):327-336

The retail system is continuously adapting itself to changing demographic conditions, consumer behavior and economic conditions. Existing retail units, getting larger in order to achieve economics of scale, and new forms of large-scale retailing do not fit easily in the traditional spatial pattern of retail concentrations. Neverteless the spatial distribution of retailing in urban areas, as schematized by Berry thirty-five years ago, still has its value. Through an upward hierarchical movement the retail system has adapted itself to an inflexible spatial system, in which downtown has still a dominant position. Future developments, however, may weaken the position of central shopping areas in favour of peripheral locations. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Methodological aspects of surveying the volume, structure, activities and perceptions of city centre visitors     

Rolf Monheim 《GeoJournal》1998,45(4):273-287

Counting pedestrians on a street and visitors entering a store is a method used to measure the attractiveness of these places. Their volumes are governed by daily, weekly, monthly and yearly cycles and are subject to random influences. This must be taken into account especially where comparison counts reveal changes. When single streets or stores are counted, it must be ascertained whether this figure is representative of the whole city centre and its retailing. Pedestrian volumes can be used for adjusting interview samples to the distribution in time and space of the city centre visitors. Counts of the qualitative characteristics of the pedestrian with respect to composition of groups reveal that surveys among pedestrians are biased in relation to the size of the group. Special attention in surveys should be given to the linking of activities. Whereas much emphasis is given to the accessibility of the city centre from outside, the ‘inner accessibility’ of the city centre is just as important. Long distances are often walked and many destinations visited. This is best recorded by conducting interviews at public transport stops and car parks. The attractiveness of the city centre depends not only on its physical structures but very much on the subjective perception of them; therefore judgements on accessibility, goods and services offered and the urban ambiance should be recorded. Retailer's attitudes concerning the qualities of the city centre should also be compiled for comparison. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Place Meanings and Participatory Planning Intentions     

Namyun Kil  Stephen M. Holland  Taylor V. Stein 《社会与自然资源》2014,27(5):475-491

Interest in integrating human connections and natural areas into resource management decision making has steadily increased. While efforts to validate place meaning dimensions have identified meanings beyond established place dependence and identity concepts, further research to identify tangible and intangible meanings of nature-based recreation areas is needed. This study sought to examine place meanings as a second-order construct consisting of ecological integrity, economic dependency, place dependence, family identity, community identity, and place identity and to determine the influence of place meanings on participatory planning intentions (PPI). Data were collected from Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation area visitors. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that six factors were reliable and valid, representing place meanings as an overarching concept. Structural equation modeling showed a significant association between place meanings and PPI. These findings demonstrated the importance of understanding place meanings that influence behavioral intentions, which is relevant to understanding participation in planning processes.  相似文献   

Ethnic Place Identity Within A Parisian Neighborhood     

David H. Kaplan  Charlotte Recoquillon Ph.D 《Geographical review》2014,104(1):33-51

The Goutte d'Or neighborhood of Paris has long been seen as an impoverished yet colorful quarter of the city. In recent years, it has also developed a reputation as a center for immigrants. Three populations now share the neighborhood: the European French, the Maghrebi immigrant population and their children, and the newest population of migrants from former Francophone colonies. This paper examines how the Goutte d'Or's social and ethnic identity is revealed in the built environment and in its social and economic activity. This neighborhood demonstrates how different communities and place identities coexist. It also shows how global networks of migration, exchange, and visits infuse local places. The Goutte d'Or distills many aspects of French immigrant identities, providing an example for increasing numbers of immigrant neighborhoods in France and across the world.  相似文献   

Enriching user profiles using geo-social place semantics in geo-folksonomies     

Ehab ElGindy  Alia Abdelmoty 《International journal of geographical information science》2014,28(7):1439-1458

Geo-folksonomies link social web users to geographic places through the tags users choose to label the places with. These tags can be a valuable source of information about the user’s perception of place and can reflect their experiences and activities in the places they label. By analysing the associations between users, places and tags, an understanding of a place and its relationships with other places can be drawn. This place characterisation is unique, dynamic and reflects the perception of a particular user community that generated the geo-folksonomy. In this work, an approach is proposed to analysing geo-folksonomies that builds on and extends existing statistical methods by considering specific concepts of relevance to geographic place resources, namely, place types and place-related activities, and by building a place ontology to encode those concepts and relationships. The folksonomy analysis and evaluation are demonstrated using a realistic geo-folksonomy data set. The resulting ontology is used to build user profiles from the folksonomy. The derived profiles reflect the association between users and the specific places they tag as well as other places with relevant associated place type and activities. The methods proposed here provide the potential for many interesting and useful applications, including the harvesting of useful insight on geographic space and employing the derived user profiles to enhance the search experience and to identify similarities between users based on their association to geographic places.  相似文献   

Spatial structure of central places in Jilin Central Urban Agglomeration,Jilin Province,China   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Shijun Wang  Yongchao Wang  Dan Wang 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2014,24(3):375-383

Using the radius of gyration from fractal theory, this paper describes the calculation of fractal dimensions for the four tiers of central places in the Jilin Central Urban Agglomeration(JCUA), Jilin Province, China and the structural characteristics of each tier: 1) the 1st tier central place, Changchun Proper(not including Shuangyang District), provides the most service functions and has the most stable primate position; 2) the 2nd tier central places, Jilin Proper, Siping Proper, Liaoyuan Proper and Songyuan Proper have unclear statuses and do not provide certain functions; 3) the 3rd tier central places comprise 23 county-level cities, counties and urban districts(including Shuangyang District of Changchun), exhibiting a dense spatial structure that agrees with theory; 4) the 4th tier contains the largest number of central places(248 designated towns), but they are loosely distributed. In this study, a spatial image of the JCUA was created, based on vectorized data of the urban settlement distribution, which was then modified and abstracted to create a hexagonal network covering the JCUA. Compared to the traditional central place model, the modified spatial image conforms to the K = 3 principle. In reality, however, the growth of some 3rd tier central places should be increased with the cities being upgraded to the 2nd tier so as to overcome that tier′s functional deficiency. The loose distribution in the 4th tier should also be changed. This apparent anomaly can be explained by the fact that the classic hexagon model used to describe the way market areas layout does not exist in the real world. However, this should not be viewed as an obstacle to using central place theory. If its assumptions are properly applied, it can still assist research into the spatial structure of regions.  相似文献   

一种基于改进CoHOG的视觉SLAM算法     

于尧  孙新柱  郭俊阳  陈孟元 《测绘通报》2022,(12):42-50

移动机器人在SLAM的闭环检测环节计算量大、运行时间长、匹配误差大,从而导致闭环检测精度较低。针对该问题,本文在CoHOG闭环检测算法的基础上进行改进,将算法中的HOG描述符改进为GDF-HOG描述符,以增强图像特征表现,提高图像特征提取效率;在匹配环节前添加GDF-HOG全局粗匹配,以减少视觉模板的数量,提高算法的计算效率;在匹配环节后添加感兴趣区域（ROI）位置匹配进行检验,以减少闭环检测的假阳性,提高准确率。将本文闭环检测算法与RatSLAM相结合,在公开数据集与真实环境中进行测试,测试结果表明,本文算法在闭环检测环节的准确率较高,且对环境的适应能力较强。  相似文献   

中心地理论中市场原则的再讨论     

梁进社 《地理学报》2022,77(8):1892-1906

本文指出中心地理论中k = 3系统由市场原则生成的几种传统说法的缺陷;提出所有相邻级别中心地,在满足以下两个条件：① 正三角形的中心地分布和中心地之正六边形市场区;② 较高级别中心地提供相应级别及比其等级低的货物,它们的市场区（或腹地）之大小应尽可能地接近,以尽最大可能地减少相邻级别中心地市场区之间的差距,进而降低所生成的中心地系统对要配置的商品或服务因其上限或下限范围之要求产生可能的排除,这即是市场原则之合理说法。本文的新提法能够调和克里斯塔勒自上而下和哈格特自下而上建构中心地系统所产生的规模等级及其解释之差异。从廖什的空间垄断竞争型中心地建模理念看,根据此提法建立的中心地系统尽可能地降低了厂商的空间垄断性,以减少厂商取得的超额利润,其符合正常市场理性原则。本文对中心地理论中k = 3市场原则内涵的修正能够提升中心地理论对现实世界的分析和实践指导作用。  相似文献   

基于集体记忆的红色旅游地地方性建构     

马云  钱俊希  唐雪琼 《热带地理》2022,42(6):997-1008

红色历史的集体记忆嵌入动态的地方建构和空间生产过程,成为地方性重构的有力素材。文章以云南省宾川县新庄红军村为例,通过参与式观察和访谈文本分析等质性方法,从地方性景观与话语的再建构,以及地方性情境创设的空间实践,探讨新庄村的地方性建构机制。研究发现：具体的地方要素在地方-记忆的互动关系中起中介承启作用。地方要素既促进红色旅游情境下记忆的唤起、存储与再创造,又对集体记忆重新建构的地方特质、意义与场所精神进行地方性元素表达。旅游情境创设与地方性展演使集体记忆不断得到投影、表达与重构,推动差异化的地方叙述与体验。  相似文献   

流动中的地方记忆：南海渔民的流动性与集体记忆建构     

刘玄宇  刘云刚 《热带地理》2022,42(7):1128-1137

渔民是天然流栖性群体,不仅需要关注其流动性时空规律,更要关注其流动过程中所产生的社会文化意涵。文章从流动性与集体记忆视角出发,选取海南省东部典型渔村为案例地,通过访谈深入理解渔民在流动中的地方记忆建构,主要从流动、停泊、定居的3种不同状态归纳渔民流动中的时空盈缩、物质条件和流动路径节点,从时间、地方和权力三要素探讨渔民集体记忆的形成。研究发现：1）渔民跨界流动具有动态盈缩的特点,经历了从民间自觉到官方规范,从渔业生产到商渔复合,从局地到广域再到局地的动态过程。2）渔民的流动状态和过程赋予海洋以地方特性。人船组合拓展渔民自主流动的能力,“陆—海—岛”流栖空间中的地物和景观凸显集体记忆的物质依赖性。3）随着生产生活方式变迁,代际更迭削弱了原有的人海关联,流动资源的分配不均导致集体记忆结构性消退,渔业村镇的全球—地方的跨区域色彩逐渐被剥离,回归到同质化的域内流空间。  相似文献