北祁连地区中寒武世岩相古地理研究          下载免费PDF全文

谭志远  牟传龙  王启宇  陈小炜  葛祥英  侯乾 《沉积与特提斯地质》2016,36(1):55-61

现今地处造山带的北祁连地区在中寒武世时期拉张的构造背景下海域进一步拓宽。通过对北祁连地区中寒武统地层野外调查及室内分析研究,在"构造控盆、盆控相"的思路控制下,以沉积岩性、结构-构造、古生物组合等为基础,在优势相原则的指导下,共划分出浅海陆棚相、半深海相、深海盆地相3种沉积相类型。结合前人的研究资料,编制北祁连地区中寒武世的沉积构造格架及沉积盆地类型图,分析其空间配置关系。在此基础上,采用造山带岩相古地理编图方法,恢复与重建研究区的古地理面貌,编制相应的古地理图。  相似文献   

Experimental and theoretical study of a cylindrical oscillating water column device with a quadratic power take-off model     

《Applied Ocean Research》2016

The wave power extraction by a cylindrical oscillating water column (OWC) device with a quadratic power take-off (PTO) model was studied experimentally and theoretically. In the experiment, a scaled model OWC was tested in a wave flume, with an orifice being used to simulate a quadratic PTO mechanism. In the theoretical analysis, the quadratic PTO model was linearized based on Lorenz's principle of equivalent work, which allows us to perform a frequency domain analysis using an eigen-function matching method. The effects of higher harmonic components and the spatial non-uniformity of the surface velocity inside the chamber were discussed. A semi-analytical model was proposed to understand the viscous loss affecting the measured capture length. Our treatment of the quadratic PTO model was validated by comparing quasi-linear theoretical capture length and the laboratory measurement. Our results also showed that the effects of spatial non-uniformity and viscous loss could be noticeable for shorter waves.  相似文献   

琼州海峡潮流能资源的数值模拟评估   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

武贺  于华明  丁杰  袁德奎 《海洋学报(英文版)》2016,35(1):21-29

近年来,我国能源消耗量不断的增长使我们更加重视可再生能源的开发利用,而我国近海拥有复杂的海岸线和广阔的大陆架,其中许多海域蕴藏着丰富的潮流能资源。潮流能资源评估则是其电站站址选择、发电量预测等工程设计的首要工作。结合两个站位的潮流实测数据,本文利用FVCOM海洋环流数值模式较好的模拟了琼州海峡潮波传播状况,分析了该海域潮流能资源水平分布规律和时间变化特征,初步估算了该水道的潮流能的理论蕴藏量,并采用FLUX方法对该水道的技术可开发量进行了评估。结果表明,琼州海峡中心海域功率密度高,两岸资源低;可能最大流速、大潮年平均最大功率密度、小潮年平均功率密度和年平均功率密度等特征值分布基本相似;其丰富区域出现在海峡东口南部海域以及海峡中部海域,其中东口南部海域可能最大流速可达4.6 m/s,表层流大潮年平均最大功率密度为5996 W/m²,小潮平均最大功率密度仅为467 W/m²,年平均功率密度为819 W/m²,代表点超过0.7 m/s的潮流流速年统计时间约为4717 h;海峡潮流能资源理论蕴藏量为189.55MW,利用FLUX、FARM、GC方法得到该水道的潮流能可开发量分别为249GW/yr、20.2GW/yr和263GW/yr。  相似文献   

台山核电邻近海域春秋季浮游植物群落结构特征     

粟丽  黄梓荣  徐珊楠  陈作志 《海洋科学》2016,40(9):61-68

根据2013年4月(春季)和9月(秋季)2个航次调查数据,对台山核电邻近海域浮游植物种类组成、时空分布及多样性指数等群落特征进行了分析。共鉴定浮游植物3门61种,其中硅藻类48种,占78.69%;甲藻类11种,占18.03%;金藻类2种,占3.28%。种类组成以暖水种和广温种为主。浮游植物丰度均值春季(11.78×107个/m3)与秋季(29.37×107个/m3)无明显差异;然而丰度水平变化较大,整体表现为春秋两季核电站温排水口附近站位均低于远离站位。春秋两季浮游植物优势种共出现了7种,春季仅出现了中肋骨条藻Skeletonema costatum1种,优势度高达0.996;秋季出现了7种,包括中肋骨条藻(0.291)、柔弱拟菱形藻Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima(0.222)、拟弯角毛藻Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus(0.214)和并基角毛藻Chaetoceros decipiens(0.056)等。海域春季Shannon-Wiener多样性指数H′、Pielou均匀度指数J′和Margalef物种丰富度指数D均值分别为0.55、0.18和0.50;秋季分别为2.80、0.62和0.80。多样性指数显示台山核电附近海域水质状态受到了一定程度的污染。  相似文献   

178Hz正弦波对刺参行为、呼吸及免疫应答的影响     

蒋薇  梁振林  姜朝阳  黄六一 《海洋科学》2016,40(12):19-23

根据山东荣成沿岸风电机组产生的声波范围选取其中178Hz的峰值声音,声压级控制于(85±5)d B,在实验室水槽中,采用实验生态学方法研究了178Hz声波影响下的刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)幼参的行为反应、耗氧率以及体腔液抗氧化酶(CAT、SOD)浓度的变化。通过平均聚集率的变化比较,发现刺参对178Hz的声波胁迫环境的行为反应敏感;利用空瓶法测得幼参耗氧率显著低于对照组(P0.05);通过测定刺参体腔液免疫活性发现在该频率声波干扰下的刺参CAT活性显著高于对照组(P0.05),而SOD活性于对照组差异不明显(P0.05)。研究结果说明声波对刺参幼参的呼吸和免疫会产生明显影响,可为我国近海刺参养殖和风电发展策略提供参考。  相似文献   

The international legal framework for the management of the global oceans social-ecological system     

《Marine Policy》2016

This paper evaluates the international agreements in place for the protection of the environment and the regulation of human activities taking place in world's oceans and seas. 500 multilateral agreements were reviewed against a framework of reference, grounded on the theoretical approaches of Adaptive Management and Transition Management. According to this framework, oceans complex systems management should: (1) consider the global oceans as a Social-Ecological System (SES); (2) aim to achieve or maintain their ecological resilience; and (3) implement iterative, learning-based management strategies, supported by science-based advice to policy and management. The results show that the present international legal framework for the global oceans does not require countries to adopt an adaptive, complex systems approach for global oceans ecological resilience. Instead, this study supports the perspective of a double fragmentation among international agreements. First, global agreements focus on issue-based objectives for determined human activities, ecological components or anthropogenic pressures. Second, regional agreements have a wider scope, but also a varying level of inclusion of ecological resilience considerations. There is the need to foster the inclusion of such an approach into existing and future international agreements and their implementation, including through soft-law, project-based initiatives at global and regional scales.  相似文献   

垂荡式波浪能装置运动模型数值分析     

丁松  韩端锋 《海洋工程》2016,34(4):107-117

垂荡式波浪能装置在海洋可再生能源开发中被广泛应用,通过浮子与摇杆在垂荡方向的相对运动吸收波浪能。在以往相关的运动预报数值分析中,通常基于微幅波假设,仅考虑浮子与摇杆在垂荡方向的运动,忽略摇杆其他自由度运动。建立并求解了垂荡式波浪能装置的非线性联合运动方程组,分析垂荡式波浪能装置的波浪载荷、浮子与平台连接处的受力情况。数值计算系统的运动响应,并将计算结果与已有的试验数据进行比较验证,结果表明数值模拟的垂荡式波能装置的运动响应与试验结果相符合。最后,应用本计算方法分析PTO(power take-off)参数对波能装置发电性能的影响。  相似文献   

FD-600全液压动力头反循环连续取样钻机研制与应用     

刘智荣  伍晓龙  王庆晓 《探矿工程》2018,45(3):62-67

文章结合国内外CSR取心技术的现状和所生产钻机的特点,为满足国内对空气反循环连续取样（心）、冲击回转、定向钻进等多种高效钻探工艺对钻机的需要,从钻机整体结构设计、整体布局进行详细考量,采用质量可靠的液压件、动力机等外购件,摒弃传统钻机设计周期长、动力小、机械化程度低、对地形和钻探工艺适应性低等特点,研制出了一台高效、可靠、机械化程度较高的FD-600型全液压动力头式反循环取样钻机。在3次野外生产试验中充分体现出了优越性,可满足砂金勘探、工程施工等取心钻探的要求。  相似文献   

Rainfall flood hazard at nuclear power plants in India     

Pramod Kumar Sharma 《Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards》2018,12(3):218-233

Flood hazard evaluation is an important input for Nuclear Power Plants external events safety studies. In the present study, flood hazard at various nuclear sites in India due to rainfall has been evaluated. Hazard estimation is a statistical procedure by which rainfall intensity versus occurrence frequency is estimated from historical records of rainfall data and extrapolated with asymptotic extreme value distribution. Rainfall data needed for flood hazard assessment are daily annual maximum rainfall (24?h data). The observed data points have been fitted using Gumbel, power law and exponential distribution, and return period has been estimated. To study the stationarity of rainfall data, a moving window estimate of the parameters has been performed. The rainfall pattern is stationary in both coastal and inland regions over the period of observation. The coastal regions show intense rainfall and higher variability than inland regions. Based on the plant layout, catchment area and drainage capacity, the prototype fast breeder reactor (PFBR) site is unlikely to be flooded.  相似文献   

长江三角洲北岸土体工程地质层组划分及其应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

苟富刚  龚绪龙  梅芹芹 《地质论评》2018,64(1):237-245

鉴于研究区工程地质层划分标准尚不统一,不利于工程地质资料的交流和资料的社会化利用。为提高研究区工程地质资料的通用性,结合研究区11个1∶50000标准图幅工程地质调查工作,以100m以浅的土体为工程地质层组划分对象,考虑沉积时代、沉积环境、土体结构特征和物理力学参数,建立研究区基本地层结构层序和编码,将研究区土体划分为7个工程地质层组和21个工程地质层。通过工程地质层组的建立,找出了大区域工程钻孔土层的对应关系,使区域地层资料对比分析成为可能,有助于地质模型的概化和抓住工程地质问题。采用物理力学参数离散性、绘制的地质剖面和三维型分析了工程地质层组划分的合理性,证实了层组划分结果合理正确。通过工程地质层组划分,找出了2个软弱敏感层和4个优势持力层。本文的成果对长江北岸三角洲地区的工程勘察、城市规划和建设项目选址论证具有一定的指导意义。  相似文献