盐度对长江口3种滤食性贝类滤水率、摄食率、同化率的影响   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

吕昊泽  刘健  陈锦辉  沈和定  吴杨平 《海洋科学》2016,40(8):10-17

采用实验生态学方法研究了盐度对长江口缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)、河蚬(Corbicula fluminea)和光滑河蓝蛤(Potamocorbula laevis)滤水率、摄食率、同化率的影响。缢蛏组设6个盐度梯度(5,10,15,20,25,30),光滑河蓝蛤组设6个盐度梯度(5,10,15,20,25,30),河蚬组设6个盐度梯度(0,5,10,15,20,25),并测定了此3种滤食性贝类的生物学参数。结果显示,3种滤食性贝类的滤水率、摄食率和同化率随着盐度的上升而增加,当上升到一定盐度时达到峰值,然后随着盐度的升高而降低。盐度20时,缢蛏滤水率、摄食率和同化率达到峰值,分别为0.57L/h、5.38mg POM/h和0.72%。盐度10时,光滑河蓝蛤滤水率和同化率达到峰值,分别为0.46L/h和0.53%,摄食率在盐度15时达到峰值3.80mg POM/h。盐度5时河蚬滤水率和摄食率都达到峰值,分别为0.39 L/h和2.48 mg POM/h,同化率在盐度0时已达到峰值0.51%,并随盐度上升而下降。上述结果表明,盐度对3种滤食性贝类的3个摄食生理指标均有显著影响。  相似文献   

基于SMOS卫星数据的海表面盐度模型     

赵红  王成杰 《海洋技术学报》2016,(1):15-22

海表面盐度是研究海洋对全球气候影响以及大洋环流的重要参量之一,而卫星遥感技术是获取海表面盐度数据的最有效方法.目前,L波段的SMOS和Aquarius/SAC-D遥感卫星正在用于探测海表面盐度,并根据卫星观测数据和物理机制反演出海表面盐度的产品.但在某些近陆地区域,由于淡水流入及陆地射频(RFI)等因素影响,卫星反演盐度的产品精度较低.文中利用“东方红2号”科学考察船的实测数据、SMOS卫星数据,首次针对中国南海海域提出了用贝叶斯网络模型计算海表面盐度,并用验证数据集(实测Argo盐度)对模型进行适应性评估.经过计算,模型误差和验证误差分别为0.47 psu和0.45 psu,而相应的SMOS Level 2产品的精度分别为1.90 psu和1.82 psu.此模型为海表面盐度的计算提供了一个新方法.  相似文献   

东非鲁伍马盆地深水区构造-沉积演化过程及油气地质特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈宇航  姚根顺  吕福亮  唐鹏程  鲁银涛 《海相油气地质》2016,(2):39-46

利用深水区的二维、三维地震资料开展构造-沉积演化研究,鲁伍马盆地二叠纪—早侏罗世为冈瓦纳陆内—陆间裂谷活动期,发育河流—湖泊沉积;中侏罗世—早白垩世为马达加斯加漂移期,位于剪切型大陆边缘,发育海陆过渡相沉积;晚白垩世—渐新世为被动大陆边缘期,深水沉积广泛发育,重力流沉积延伸至戴维隆起带;中新世—第四纪为东非裂谷海域分支活动期,陆坡和凯瑞巴斯地堑发育深水重力流沉积。盆地垂向上形成"断—坳—断"结构,二叠纪—早侏罗世及中新世—现今发育两期明显的裂谷活动。马达加斯加漂移期的海相泥岩为深水区的主力烃源岩,古近纪的陆坡深水浊积砂体为主要储层。东非裂谷海域分支的断层活动沟通了下伏烃源岩,晚期断层不发育的西部陆坡成为主要的油气聚集区。  相似文献   

孟加拉湾若开海域晚新生代构造变形及其对油气的控制作用     

唐鹏程  邵大力  王海强  王红平  孙辉  张勇刚  马宏霞  丁梁波 《海相油气地质》2016,(1):52-60

利用钻井、二维和三维地震资料,剖析了孟加拉湾若开海域晚新生代的构造变形特征,探讨了构造变形对油气的控制作用。区域深度地质剖面揭示,研究区南部仅发育底部滑脱层(深度10 km),而北部则发育底部滑脱层(深度12 km)和中部滑脱层(深度4 km);受滑脱层的控制,研究区南部仅发育一套构造层,而北部则发育变形不协调的上、下两套构造层;南部背斜的南北向延伸距离、波长及背斜间隔距离均明显大于北部。通过北部局部构造精细解析表明,研究区北部变形相对较复杂,上构造层主要发育近南北向的背斜和次级张扭性右旋走滑断层,二者形成时间分别为晚第四纪和晚第四纪末。若开海域晚新生代的构造变形对圈闭形成、油气运聚和保存条件具有重要的控制作用。指出研究区南部平缓褶皱带构造—岩性复合圈闭具备形成大油气田的条件,是下一步油气勘探的重要目标。  相似文献   

Hybrid N-order Lagrangian Interpolation Eulerian?Lagrangian Method for Salinity Calculation     

吴炎成  朱首贤  周林  游小宝  张文静 《海洋工程》2016,(2):283-295

The Eulerian?Lagrangian method (ELM) has been used by many ocean models as the solution of the advection equation, but the numerical error caused by interpolation imposes restriction on its accuracy. In the present study, hybrid N-order Lagrangian interpolation ELM (LiELM) is put forward in which the N-order Lagrangian interpolation is used at first, then the lower order Lagrangian interpolation is applied in the points where the interpolation results are abnormally higher or lower. The calculation results of a step-shaped salinity advection model are analyzed, which show that higher order (N=3?8) LiELM can reduce the mean numerical error of salinity calculation, but the numerical oscillation error is still significant. Even number order LiELM makes larger numerical oscillation error than its adjacent odd number order LiELM. Hybrid N-order LiELM can remove numerical oscillation, and it significantly reduces the mean numerical error when N is even and the current is in fixed direction, while it makes less effect on mean numerical error when N is odd or the current direction changes periodically. Hybrid odd number order LiELM makes less mean numerical error than its adjacent even number order LiELM when the current is in the fixed direction, while the mean numerical error decreases as N increases when the current direction changes periodically, so odd number of N may be better for application. Among various types of Hybrid N-order LiELM, the scheme reducing N-order directly to 1st-order may be the optimal for synthetic selection of accuracy and computational efficiency.  相似文献   

川西坳陷东坡沙溪庙组气藏成藏演化模式   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐敏  刘建  林小云  熊山  牛斌莉 《现代地质》2018,32(5):953

川西坳陷东坡气藏主力产层为沙溪庙组,其圈闭类型以构造-岩性圈闭为主,多为致密砂岩储层,但断层发育,有效改善了储层物性,断砂匹配样式与构造演化对油气成藏过程有重要影响。基于前人已有的认识,通过沙溪庙组气藏成藏动力演化、气水分布特征及生烃期次分析,结合构造演化、成藏幕次等研究,认为沙溪庙组天然气成藏受构造古隆起、断砂配置、储层物性、构造演化影响,形成了“构造控向、断砂控运、储层控藏、演化控调”的成藏演化模式,同中存异,高庙子地区古构造的控制作用更为明显,而中江地区岩性控制作用占主导。沙溪庙组气藏间歇性充注具“燕山期三幕成藏,喜山期调整改造”的成藏特征,多期构造演化和较强的储层非均质性影响了含气饱和度,导致沙溪庙组气藏分布、气藏产能差异大。  相似文献   

Tectono–Thermal Evolution, Hydrocarbon Filling and Accumulation Phases of the Hari Sag, in the Yingen–Ejinaqi Basin, Inner Mongolia, Northern China     

YANG Peng  REN Zhanli  XIA Bin  TIAN Tao  ZHANG Yong  QI Kai  REN Wenbo 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(3):1157-1169

This work restored the erosion thickness of the top surface of each Cretaceous formations penetrated by the typical well in the Hari sag, and simulated the subsidence burial history of this well with software BasinMod. It is firstly pointed out that the tectonic subsidence evolution of the Hari sag since the Cretaceous can be divided into four phases: initial subsidence phase, rapid subsidence phase,uplift and erosion phase, and stable slow subsidence phase. A detailed reconstruction of the tectonothermal evolution and hydrocarbon generation histories of typical well was undertaken using the EASY R_0% model, which is constrained by vitrinite reflectance(R_0) and homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions. In the rapid subsidence phase, the peak period of hydrocarbon generation was reached at c.a.105.59 Ma with the increasing thermal evolution degree. A concomitant rapid increase in paleotemperatures occurred and reached a maximum geothermal gradient of about 43-45℃/km. The main hydrocarbon generation period ensued around 105.59-80.00 Ma and the greatest buried depth of the Hari sag was reached at c.a. 80.00 Ma, when the maximum paleo-temperature was over 180℃.Subsequently, the sag entered an uplift and erosion phase followed by a stable slow subsidence phase during which the temperature gradient, thermal evolution, and hydrocarbon generation decreased gradually. The hydrocarbon accumulation period was discussed based on homogenization temperatures of inclusions and it is believed that two periods of rapid hydrocarbon accumulation events occurred during the Cretaceous rapid subsidence phase. The first accumulation period observed in the Bayingebi Formation(K_1 b) occurred primarily around 105.59-103.50 Ma with temperatures of 125-150℃. The second accumulation period observed in the Suhongtu Formation(K_1 s) occurred primarily around84.00-80.00 Ma with temperatures of 120-130℃. The second is the major accumulation period, and the accumulation mainly occurred in the Late Cretaceous. The hydrocarbon accumulation process was comprehensively controlled by tectono-thermal evolution and hydrocarbon generation history. During the rapid subsidence phase, the paleo temperature and geothermal gradient increased rapidly and resulted in increasing thermal evolution extending into the peak period of hydrocarbon generation,which is the key reason for hydrocarbon filling and accumulation.  相似文献   

南海南部陆缘地质流体类型及其油气成藏意义          下载免费PDF全文

鄢伟  张光学  张莉  夏斌  杨振  雷振宇  林珍  钱星  骆帅兵 《中国地质》2018,45(1):39-47

南海南部陆缘蕴藏着非常丰富的油气资源。为了解南海南部陆缘流体活动系统以及与油气藏之间的关系,以高精度2D地震资料为基础,对南海南部陆缘流体活动系统的类型、地震反射特征、以及对油气成藏的意义开展了研究。在南海南部陆缘发现了多种流体活动系统,包括:泥底辟/泥火山、气烟囱、管状通道、与构造断层相关的流体活动系统。这些流体活动系统具有不同的地震反射特征,常常出现含气强振幅异常带、弱振幅杂乱反射带以及"下拉"或者"上拱"地震反射形态等流体活动系统的标志特征。流体活动系统受到构造运动和沉积因素的影响,并且与深部高温高压塑性流体密切相关,流体活动系统优先发育在地层薄弱部位。流体活动系统及所伴生的断裂和裂隙常常作为油气富集区的运输通道;并且流体活动系统所运移的强溶蚀性流体和深部热液流体有利于油气储层的形成,特别是对于碳酸盐岩储层的改造尤为明显。因此,流体活动系统不仅能作为油气运移通道,也可以改善储层,对油气成藏具有重要意义。  相似文献   

崩塌堆积体启动坡面泥石流判别与防治 ——以北川县开坪乡平石板泥石流为例          下载免费PDF全文

佘涛  李金洋  陈欢  孙金辉  李波 《探矿工程》2018,45(8):88-92

强震区地震后大量的崩塌堆积体堆积于高陡斜坡中上部,堆积体远离居民点,一旦诱发为坡面泥石流,形成新的次生地质灾害,将严重威胁下方居民的生命财产安全。本文以北川县开坪乡平石板坡面泥石流为例,平石板沟“5.12”地震崩塌堆积体在2010、2013年强降雨作用下失稳转变为坡面泥石流淤积场镇。在平石板泥石流暴发特征介绍基础上,通过粒径不均匀系数、堆积体启动判别指标、后缘汇水面积等来分析崩塌堆积体启动条件及影响因素,并针对此类灾害发育特征,提出了通过上游稳拦固源方法进行治理的防治思路。以期为研究高陡斜坡堆积体的启动机制及防治提供一定的借鉴意义。  相似文献   

新疆三塘湖盆地上石炭统近源凝灰岩致密油藏形成条件     

陈常超  黄志龙  陈旋  安成龙  王昕  李新宁 《地质通报》2018,37(1):83-92

三塘湖盆地上石炭统烃源岩是火山喷发环境下形成的,烃源岩往往与厚度不等的凝灰岩交互出现,但凝灰岩致密储层的厚度和物性差异较大,源储关系较复杂,因而近源凝灰岩致密油藏的形成需要特定的条件。为了认识三塘湖盆地上石炭统近源凝灰岩致密油藏的形成条件,以典型致密油藏M36为例,综合运用岩心、薄片、测录井、地球化学测试等资料,对成藏要素进行解剖,建立上石炭统凝灰岩致密储层及烃源岩有效性的评价标准,并总结出近源致密油藏成藏模式。结果表明,储层孔隙度大于5%、对应渗透率大于0.07×10-3μm2的凝灰岩可以作为有效储层;烃源岩有机碳含量在4.0%以上,对应生烃潜量大于10%,且Ro大于0.8%的高炭泥岩、暗色泥岩为优质烃源岩;较好的储层、优质的烃源岩和互层型源储配置关系是近源凝灰岩致密油藏的形成条件。  相似文献