Fission track and U–Pb zircon ages of psammitic rocks from the Harushinai unit,Kamuikotan metamorphic rocks,central Hokkaido,Japan: constraints on metamorphic histories          下载免费PDF全文

Ayumi S. Okamoto  Toru Takeshita  Hideki Iwano  Tohru Danhara  Takafumi Hirata  Hirotsugu Nishido  Shuhei Sakata 《Island Arc》2015,24(4):379-403

Accurate pressure–temperature–time (P–T–t) paths of rocks from sedimentation through maximum burial to exhumation are needed to determine the processes and mechanisms that form high‐pressure and low‐temperature type metamorphic rocks. Here, we present a new method combining laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA–ICP–MS) U–Pb with fission track (FT) dates for detrital zircons from two psammitic rock samples collected from the Harushinai unit of the Kamuikotan metamorphic rocks. The concordant zircon U–Pb ages for these samples vary markedly, from 1980 to 95 Ma, with the youngest age clusters in both samples yielding Albian‐Cenomanian weighted mean ages of 100.8 ± 1.1 and 99.3 ± 1.0 Ma (2σ uncertainties). The zircon U–Pb ages were not reset by high‐P/T type metamorphism, because there is no indication of overgrowth within the zircons with igneous oscillatory zoning. Therefore, these weighted mean ages are indicative of the maximum age of deposition of protolithic material. By comparison, the zircon FT data yield a pooled age of ca. 90 Ma, which is almost the same as the weighted mean age of the youngest U–Pb age cluster. This indicates that the zircon FT ages were reset at ca. 90 Ma while still at their source, but have not been reset since. This conclusion is supported by recorded temperature conditions of less than about 300 °C (the closure temperature of zircon FTs), as estimated from microstructures in the deformed detrital quartz grains in psammitic rocks, and no shortening of fission track lengths in the zircon. Combining these new data with previously reported white mica K–Ar ages indicates that the Harushinai unit was deposited after ca. 100 Ma, and underwent burial to its maximum depth before being subjected to a localized thermal overprint during exhumation at ca. 58 Ma.  相似文献   

Extensive normal faulting during exhumation revealed by the spatial variation of phengite K–Ar ages in the Sambagawa metamorphic rocks,central Shikoku,SW Japan          下载免费PDF全文

Toru Takeshita  Koshi Yagi  Chitaro Gouzu  Hironobu Hyodo  Tetsumaru Itaya 《Island Arc》2015,24(2):245-262

Metamorphic rocks experience change in the mode of deformation from ductile flow to brittle failure during their exhumation. We investigated the spatial variation of phengite K–Ar ages of pelitic schist of the Sambagawa metamorphic rocks (sensu lato) from the Saruta River area, central Shikoku, to evaluate if those ages are disturbed by faults or not. As a result, we found that these ages change by ca 5 my across the two boundaries between the lower‐garnet and albite–biotite, and the albite–biotite and upper‐garnet zones. These spatial changes in phengite K–Ar ages were perhaps caused by truncation of the metamorphic layers by large‐scale normal faulting at D₂ phase under the brittle‐ductile transition conditions (ca 300°C) during exhumation, because an actinolite rock was formed along a fault near the former boundary. Assuming that the horizontal metamorphic layers and a previously estimated exhumation rate of 1 km/my before the D₂ phase, the change of 5 my in phengite K–Ar ages is converted to a displacement of about 10 km along the north‐dipping, low‐angle normal fault documented in the previous study. Phengite ⁴⁰Ar–³⁹Ar ages (ca 85 to 78 Ma) in the actinolite rock could be reasonably comparable to the phengite K–Ar ages of the surrounding non‐faulted pelitic schist, because the K–Ar ages of pelitic schist could have been also reset at temperatures close to the brittle–ductile transition conditions far below the closure temperature for thermal retention of argon in phengite (about 500–600°C).  相似文献   

几种旱生灌木种子萌发特性及化学成分     

李茜  任运涛  牛得草  张宝林  赵慧  傅华 《中国沙漠》2015,35(2):345-351

研究了旱生灌木白沙蒿(Artemisia sphaerocephala)、红砂(Reaumuria soongorica)、梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)、羊柴(Hedysarum mongdicum)、霸王(Zygophyllum xanthoxylum)、白刺(Nitraria tangutorum)、沙冬青(Ammopiptanthus mongolicus)、柠条(Caragana korshinskii)种子的化学成分、适宜发芽条件下的吸水发芽特性及两者之间的关系,测定和计算了其发芽率、吸水率,淀粉、脂肪、蛋白质、碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量及C:N、C:P、N:P值,并分析了这些指标间的相关性,以期归纳出西北干旱荒漠区植物种子萌发适应干旱环境的基本特性。结果表明:脂肪含量、蛋白质含量、氮含量与种子的最低萌发需水量之间呈显著正相关,而种子的单一化学成分及C:N、C:P、N:P值并没有对发芽率形成显著影响。8种植物种子萌发对环境的适应机制大致可分为两类:需要外界较高水分供应,萌发迅速而集中;不需要外界较高水分的供应,萌发持续而分散。  相似文献   

松辽盆地西缘断裂带中花岗质糜棱岩的锆石SHRIMP和云母氩-氩年龄及其构造意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郑常青  李娟  金巍  周建波  施璐  崔芳华  韩晓萌 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2015,45(2):349-363

松辽盆地西缘发育大型的北北东走向韧性断裂带,该韧性断裂带的性质、活动时限一直存在争议,制约了对松辽盆地构造成因的认识以及松辽盆地西缘油气勘探开发的进展。腾克、金星及嘎拉山地区是松辽盆地西缘韧性断裂带的代表性出露区,主体岩石组合为条带状花岗质糜棱岩、眼球状花岗质糜棱岩等。腾克、金星及嘎拉山地区发育一组糜棱面理和线理,其中面理为110°~135°∠45°~65°、线理为倾伏向10°~25°,倾伏角10°~35°;其运动性质均显示左行走滑特征。确定韧性断裂带活动时限的样品采自构造带内花岗质糜棱岩的锆石和同变形云母,其中锆石SHRIMP谐和年龄为296.9~299.4 Ma;黑云母⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar年龄为(123.0±0.7)Ma,白云母的⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar年龄为(124.4±0.9)Ma。松辽盆地西缘韧性断裂带应该属于嫩江断裂带的北段。年龄结果表明该韧性断裂带中花岗岩侵位于晚石炭世,大型北北东向韧性构造变形发生于早白垩世。腾克金星嘎拉山剪切带控制松辽盆地西缘,同时表明松辽盆地在早白垩世经历了走滑挤压盆地演化阶段,这种大型北北东向韧性断裂带的形成可能与当时西太平洋伊泽纳崎板块向欧亚大陆俯冲发生转向有关。  相似文献   

典型草原区芨芨草灌丛积雪形态与滞雪阻雪能力   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

左合君  闫敏  刘宝河  董智 《冰川冻土》2016,38(3):725-731

通过对典型草原区芨芨草（Achnatherum splendens）灌丛积雪体的调查,研究了灌丛特征（灌丛高度、灌丛迎风侧宽度、灌丛顺风侧长度）对于积雪形态（积雪高度、积雪宽度、雪辫长度）的影响。结果表明：芨芨草积雪形态参数与灌丛特征单一因子间呈显著的幂函数关系（指数<1）,灌丛积雪发育过程及其形态特征是灌丛特征参数共同影响和作用的结果,灌丛高度对积雪高度与雪辫长度影响最大,灌丛迎风侧宽度对积雪宽度影响最大;在灌丛积雪的形成发育过程中,较小灌丛积雪形态发育较快,大灌丛积雪形态发育相对缓慢,不论灌丛特征如何变化,所有灌丛积雪体前期发育迅速,后期发育缓慢;灌丛二维空间滞雪范围模型直接反映灌丛对风力的干扰范围和积雪的潜在范围,间接反映灌丛的滞雪能力;灌丛三维空间阻雪量模型直接反映一定雪源、风况条件下灌丛的阻雪能力。建立的灌丛滞雪范围与灌丛阻雪体积模型,可为典型草原风吹雪区积雪资源估算和雪害植物防治技术提供理论依据。  相似文献   

浙江江山寒武系碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄与沉积指向构造及其古地理意义          下载免费PDF全文

黄仁波  刘家润  杨振宇  焦文军  李永祥 《高校地质学报》2016,22(3):474

浙江江山北部处于紧邻江山-绍兴断裂带的扬子地块边缘;寒武系杨柳岗组陆源碎屑岩夹层中的碎屑锆石 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果表明,年龄范围为515~3340 Ma,主峰年龄828 Ma,其次为727 Ma及916 Ma;与邻区的对比结果 显示,研究区碎屑锆石年谱与华夏地块闽西北-赣中东部以及扬子地块赣东北-皖南地区可对比,尤其与前者最为相近, 而与华夏地块闽西南-赣南地区差异显著。杨柳岗组及其上覆华严寺组同沉积褶皱以及下伏大陈岭组单向斜层理特征表 明,沉积基底向北西倾斜,沉积物搬运方向由南东向北西。综合这两方面推测：在杨柳岗组沉积时期,研究区具有向北西 倾斜的沉积基底,向东南方向应与剥蚀区相连,陆源碎屑物应源自其东南方向的华夏地块东部;剥蚀区可能位于现今包括 江绍构造带在内的浙江中部,向北西方向主要提供前寒武系陈蔡群和相当于河上镇群以及少量双溪坞群或者三者剥蚀物再 沉积地层的剥蚀物质。  相似文献   

西藏南木林县格张地区早白垩世火山岩岩石成因     

欧波  魏启荣  许欢  王健  张敏  徐长君  金磊 《地学前缘》2018,25(6):165-181

西藏南木林县格张地区在构造上位于中冈底斯带南部(即中拉萨地块南部)的革吉—申扎弧后盆地。以格张地区出露的火山岩为研究对象,进行岩石学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、元素地球化学和Lu-Hf同位素地球化学分析研究。结果显示,格张地区火山岩主要为一套酸性火山碎屑岩夹少量的火山熔岩,岩石组合为流纹质含角砾晶屑凝灰岩和流纹质(含角砾)晶屑熔结凝灰岩夹少量流纹岩和玄武岩。火山岩中发育典型的岩浆锆石。对1件流纹岩和1件流纹质晶屑熔结凝灰岩样品中的锆石进行U-Pb LA-ICP-MS定年分析,分别获得的年龄为(133±1.7) Ma和(128±1.5) Ma,表明火山岩形成于早白垩世(K1)时期。火山岩主量元素在质量分数上表现为高SiO2(69.4%~75.8%)、高K2O(2.93%~5.58%)、富Al2O3(12.7%~14.6%)、低TiO2(0.20%~0.34%)、低Na2O(0.05%~2.5%)、弱过铝质过铝质(A/NK为0.92~1.83,A/CNK为1.06~3.59)、高钾钙碱性系列的钾质火山岩特征。稀土元素配分模式呈现为轻稀土元素强烈富集的右陡倾斜型,其(La/Yb)N为12.3~22.0,具明显的负铕异常(Eu/Eu*=0.47~0.62)。微量元素普遍表现出Rb、Th、K等元素的正异常和Ba、Ta、Nb、Sr、P、Ti等元素的负异常。火山岩的εHf(t)值主要集中在-12.4~-7.2,两阶段地壳Hf模式年龄tDM2主要为1.5~1.7 Ga,相当于念青唐古拉群(AnZNq)的地质时代。格张地区早白垩世火山岩应为中部拉萨地块基底的念青唐古拉群(AnZNq)部分熔融的结果,并伴有少量幔源物质的加入,形成于因班怒洋板片南向俯冲所产生的陆缘弧构造环境。  相似文献   

祁连山东段山地典型灌丛枯落物及土壤水源涵养功能研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨晓霞  赵锦梅  张雪  樊宇航  张斌  王婧楠  张碧艳 《干旱区地理》2022,45(1):197-207

为探讨高寒地区灌丛枯落物层及土壤层的水源涵养功能,以祁连山东段6种典型灌丛的枯落物和土壤为研究对象,采用野外调查与室内浸泡相结合的方法,对枯落物及土壤水文特征进行了研究.结果表明:(1)6种灌丛枯落物的蓄积量范围为0.23～3.61 t·hm-2,大小排序为山生柳>硬叶柳>绣线菊>金露梅>头花杜鹃>千里香杜鹃.(2)枯...  相似文献   

石羊河下游白刺灌丛演替发育过程的土壤呼吸及其影响因素分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

靳虎甲  马全林  张有佳  曾新德 《中国沙漠》2012,32(1):140-147

对不同类型土壤呼吸及其影响因素的研究有助于了解区域生态过程和全球气候变化。在石羊河下游,根据白刺灌丛生长及其生境状况,选择了初期发育、稳定、衰退、严重衰退的白刺灌丛植被,采用Li-8100土壤碳通量监测系统,研究了白刺灌丛演替过程的土壤呼吸日变化。结果表明,各发育阶段的白刺灌丛土壤呼吸最大值均出现在12:00,呼吸速率均值大小顺序为:稳定阶段＞初期发育阶段＞衰退阶段＞严重衰退阶段。各发育阶段不同坡位土壤呼吸日变化动态存在差异,但平均值都表现为迎风坡＞背风坡＞丘间地。建立各因素与土壤呼吸之间的模型发现,白刺的生长状况与土壤呼吸之间的相关性达到极显著,表层土壤含水量对土壤呼吸的影响大于深层土壤,而二次函数较其他模型能更好地表达地下10 cm温度与土壤呼吸之间的关系,且两者之间相关性达到极显著。  相似文献   

东昆仑没草沟蛇绿岩地球化学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义     

王国良  刘建栋  杨雪松  刘荣  曹锦山  韩海臣  陈丽娟 《地质通报》2019,38(4):573-591

重点介绍了没草沟蛇绿岩岩石组合、地球化学特征等,并对该蛇绿岩构造背景进行了讨论。该蛇绿岩位于青海省格尔木市,构造上处于东昆仑复合造山带西段,岩石组合由变质基性玄武岩及少量辉绿岩、辉长岩、变质橄榄岩、辉橄岩等组成。岩石主量和微量元素特征显示该蛇绿岩与俯冲无关,属正常洋中脊型玄武岩。前人开展的地质调查表明,该蛇绿岩形成于晚奥陶世。通过对没草沟蛇绿岩中玄武岩和辉长岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,分别获得了488.2±2.1Ma和500.8±2.2 Ma的年龄数据,确定该蛇绿岩形成时代为中寒武世—早奥陶世。该同位素年龄的获得填补了该地区蛇绿岩无时代依据的空白,同时反映古特斯洋在本区的残留。综合区域地质特征认为,没草沟蛇绿岩早期为初始洋盆环境,晚期有洋脊扩张中心环境的玄武岩形成。寒武纪早期是洋盆发育的全盛期,奥陶纪晚期洋壳发生消减,于晚志留世洋盆基本闭合,后期伴有绿片岩相变质作用。  相似文献