地方生产网络空间结构演化过程与机制研究——以潮汕纺织服装行业为例   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  

马海涛  刘志高 《地理科学》2012,(3):308-313

采用社会调查法,借助社会网络分析软件,运用演化经济地理学核心概念,对中国潮汕地区的纺织服装生产网络进行了案例研究。结果表明:①改革开放后,潮汕地方生产网络内部空间结构不断演变,从多点集聚向多个孤立集群网络演进,再向跨集群地方网络发展;②网络演化本质上是企业关系的变化,企业间关系是在外部环境作用下企业根据自身能力做出的战略选择,地理临近与路径依赖使潮汕集群网络结构得以保持(即"遗传"),企业创新需求作用下的路径创新推动了集群间联系的发展(即"变异");③生产网络演化机理的研究还应加强对路径创新与地方产业升级的研究。  相似文献   

基于EM及熵值理论的区域经济与影响因素研究     

李丽  李宏伟  陈虎  戴弦 《地理空间信息》2012,10(5):60-63,78

基于EM算法的聚类方法属于软聚类范畴,在应用中具有较高的灵活性,而熵值理论可以较好地反映出分子对系统凝聚状态的影响度。以河南省为例应用EM聚类方法分析了各地市的经济发展水平,运用熵值理论对影响经济发展的各因素进行了评价,并计算得出各因素的影响度,以此探讨河南省各地市经济发展不平衡的特点和原因,并为经济的全面协调发展提供了对策和思路。  相似文献   

环渤海地区县域经济发展时空分异研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘玉  周艳兵  王国刚  曾志炫 《地域研究与开发》2012,31(4):52-55,85

以县域为基本研究单元,应用统计分析法和空间分析法,以人均地区生产总值为指标,分析1996—2009年间环渤海地区县域经济的时空分异特征。结果表明,环渤海地区经济实力不断增强,产业结构呈现高级化趋势;县际经济发展水平差距大,部分县域人均GDP处于极端高水平;1996—2009年间,县域人均GDP的绝对差异增大而相对差异波动性缩小,省间差异是区域差异的主要组成部分;人均GDP空间自相关显著,经济发展热点区和冷点区的空间集聚特征增强。基于1996年各县人均GDP及1996—2009年间人均GDP增长差异,将环渤海地区划分为基础好增长较快型、基础中等增长较快型等6种类型。  相似文献   

广州流动人口空间问题:基于社会地理学视角   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

姚华松 《世界地理研究》2012,(1):139-149

流动人口社会空间是原有城市空间底质上经过流动人口的各种实践活动而人格化的空间,是一种再造的空间。运用社会地理学分析方法,本文首先抽炼出流动人口空间问题,集中表现为边缘化、混合性、非固定性和适变性,其中边缘化是本质性问题。其机制既包括自身属性特征的社会化建构,也包括制度歧视、城市政府新自由主义倾向、空间竞争、企业追逐利润、本地人排挤等。其次,本研究认为不合理的制度设计、城市空间整体观缺失、市场机制失灵是流动人口空间问题存在的根源。最后,对流动人口问题提出三点对策:树立包括流动人口空间在内的城市空间整体观、确立相互协调、联动管理的工作思路、提高流动人口自组织化程度。  相似文献   

外资在印度的R&D投资特征及其动因分析     

张永凯 《世界地理研究》2012,(2):27-34

在印度经济崛起的过程中,外资R&D投资产生了重要的推动作用。外资在印度的R&D投资特征主要体现在数量和规模的持续扩张、产业和空间的不断集聚、跨国公司与本土研究机构的合作日益加强以及R&D产出明显增多等几方面。外资在印度的R&D投资动因主要归因于印度的廉价人力资源、巨大的市场份额、优惠的激励政策以及相对良好的知识产权保护环境。  相似文献   

中国入境游客多城市旅游空间网络结构   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1  

王永明  马耀峰  壬美霞 《地理科学进展》2012,31(4):518-526

借鉴社会网络分析技术和方法,综合运用GIS空间分析和数理统计等方法,分析了中国入境游客多城市旅游卒闻网络结构特征。结果显示：①入境游客多城市旅游空间网络共有46个节点,节点分布呈现“东南密、西北疏”的空间格局;②旅游网络中每个城市节点平均与2．96个节点具有旅游流联系,节点体系共分4个等级,等级越高,节点数量越小,传统热点城市和区域中心城市在中心性和结构洞指标方面表现好,在旅游网络中占有重要地位;③整体旅游网络密度很低,网络功能发育不完善,且均在较大的不均衡性,网络核心节点对边缘节点的入境旅游辐射效应很弱;④旅游网络共存在9个派系,区位交通、旅游资源、经济联系是派系形成的重要驱动力,城市空间距离对派系形成影响作用极小。基于旅游流联系的角度,构建以城市为节点的大尺度入境旅游空间网络结构并进行深入分析,具有理论意义和实践指导意义。  相似文献   

Capital and Empire: Geographies of Imperial London     

David Gilbert  Felix Driver 《GeoJournal》2000,51(1-2):23-32

The notion of empire has often been regarded in Europe as a matter of diffusion and expansion; something which happened over there rather than close to home. Yet the form, use and representation of modern European cities have been shaped by the global history of imperialism in ways that continue to matter even in an apparently post-imperial age. The signs of empire were prominently displayed within the built environments of all the major cities of late-nineteenth century Europe, as they came (in different ways) to play the role of regional, national and imperial capitals. In what was evidently a pan-European discourse on the imperial city between the mid-nineteenth century and the mid-twentieth, national models were defined in relation to other national models, in a spirit of competition as much as emulation. This paper examines the case of London. British architects and planners frequently complained that London lagged behind its rivals in the struggle for imperial primacy, given the absence of state-sponsored projects to parallel Haussmann's rebuilding of Paris or Leopold's grand plans for Brussels. At the intra-urban scale, the imperial city had a geography which mattered: in the case of London, different parts of the city were associated with different aspects of empire. More generally, it is clear that national debates over imperial urbanism were conditioned not simply by understandings of the global reach of European empires, but also by attitudes towards social, cultural and political change within Europe itself.  相似文献   

A Geography of Place: principles and application for defining ‘eco-civic’ resource governance regions     

David Brunckhorst  Ian Reeve 《The Australian geographer》2006,37(2):147-166

River catchments have been the dominant form of regionalisation for natural-resource management in many countries since the 1980s. Local governments play a considerable role in planning with ever-increasing responsibilities for sustainable environmental management, planning and development controls. There has also been an increasing emphasis on community participation in resource management, which emphasises the need to re-examine the requirements for spatial definition of resource governance regions. This paper proposes three principles. First, the nature and reach of environmental externalities of resource use should determine the size and nesting of resource management regions. Second, the boundaries of resource governance regions should enclose areas of greatest interest and importance to local residents. Third, the biophysical characteristics of a resource governance region should be as homogenous as possible, which provides resource planning and management efficiencies. The paper describes a range of concepts and empirical techniques used to apply these principles to the derivation of a resource governance regionalisation of the State of New South Wales, Australia.  相似文献   

Community and Nostalgia in Urban Revitalisation: a critique of urban village and creative class strategies as remedies for social ‘problems’     

Kendall Barnes  Nicholas Gill  Chris Gibson 《The Australian geographer》2006,37(3):335-354

We examine how normative constructions of ‘the creative city’ have entered into Australian planning discourses. Although welcoming a place-based approach, critical consideration is given to how the misappropriation of ‘place making’ in creative city revitalisation plans may enhance rather than address processes of social marginalisation. A Foucauldian framework is employed, exploring the notion of the social production of power through discourse. We draw on a case study of Wentworth Street, a key urban space in Port Kembla, the industrialised district of Wollongong, New South Wales. The study focuses on various ideas of a common place-making theme of the ‘urban village’ evoked by planners, the media and a targeted local resident group (here elderly Macedonians) for a street positioned in ‘crisis’ because of declining infrastructure, services and its association with crime, drugs and prostitution. The case study demonstrates that marginalisation and exclusions are products of creative city strategies and wider, more oppressive urban discourses. But we also demonstrate that despite becoming normative in the texts of planning policies, discourses of place and identity always remain multiple, negotiated, and contradictory.  相似文献   

新疆于田绿洲-荒漠交错带土地利用/覆盖变化的社会驱动力研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谭灵芝  纪明  塔西甫拉提·特依拜 《地域研究与开发》2006,25(1):97-100,110

以新疆于田绿洲为例，在遥感手段对图形分析的基础上，根据景观特征为于田绿洲土地利用／覆盖变化（LUCC）的具体表现提供空间分析功能。结合统计资料和调查数据，从经济发展、人口增长、政治经济政策3个方面分析影响研究区LUCC的主要社会影响因子。结果表明：20世纪90年代以来，于田县人口数量增长是研究区LUCC2最主要影响因素，其次是牲畜头数的增长以及采樵量的变化。开荒和撂荒面积对区域的土地利用变化影响也很大。  相似文献