Spatiotemporal changes in agricultural land cover in Nepal over the last 100 years   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Basanta Paudel  Yili Zhang  Shicheng Li  Linshan Liu 《地理学报(英文版)》2018,28(10):1519-1537

In order to advance land use and land cover change (LUCC) research in Nepal, it is essential to reconstruct both the spatiotemporal distribution of agricultural land cover as well as scenarios that can explain these changes at the national and regional levels. Because of rapid population growth, the status of agricultural land in Nepal has changed markedly over the last 100 years. Historical data is used in this study, encompassing soils, populations, climatic variables, and topography. Data were revised to a series of 30 m grid cells utilized for agricultural land suitability and allocation models and were analyzed using a suite of advanced geographical tools. Our reconstructions for the spatiotemporal distribution of agricultural land in Nepal reveal an increasing trend between 1910 and 2010 (from 151.2 × 10² km² to 438.8 × 10² km²). This expanded rate of increase in agricultural land has varied between different eco, physiographic, and altitudinal regions of the country, significantly driven by population changes and policies over the period of this investigation. The historical dataset presented in this paper fills an existing gap in studies of agricultural land change and can be applied to other carbon cycle and climate modeling studies, as well as to impact assessments of agricultural land change in Nepal.  相似文献   

A spatial and statistical analysis of the impact of transformation of raster cost surfaces on the variation of least-cost paths     

Rachel Mundeli Murekatete 《International journal of geographical information science》2018,32(11):2169-2188

Planners who are involved in locational decision-making often use raster-based geographic information systems to quantify the value of land in terms of suitability or cost for a certain use. From a computational point of view, this process can be seen as a transformation of one or more sets of values associated with a grid of cells into another set of such values through a function reflecting one or more criteria. While it is generally anticipated that different transformations lead to different ‘best’ locations, little has been known on how such differences arise (or do not arise). The paper attempts to answer this question in the context of path planning through a series of computational experiments using a number of random landscape grids with a variety of spatial and nonspatial structures. In the experiments, we generated least-cost paths on a number of cost grids transformed from the landscape grids using a variety of transformation parameters and analyzed the locations and (weighted) lengths of those paths. Results show that the same pair of terminal cells may well be connected by different least-cost paths on different cost grids though derived from the same landscape grid and that the variation among those paths is affected by how given values are distributed in the landscape grid as well as by how derived values are distributed in the cost grids. Most significantly, the variation tends to be smaller when the landscape grid contains more distinct patches of cells potentially attracting or distracting cost-saving passage or when the cost grid contains a smaller number of low-cost cells.  相似文献   

岷江上游山区聚落生态位空间分布特征研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

樊敏  郭亚琳  李富程  王青 《地理科学》2017,37(3):464-472

基于岷江上游山区藏-羌-回-汉聚落生态位和植被生境适宜性的空间分布,借助分形和贝叶斯模型,定量刻画聚落生态位的民族属性对山区聚落生态位的空间分布特征的影响。结果表明：① 岷江上游藏-羌-回-汉聚落生态位间隙度维数分别为0.949、0.942、0.890、0.960,汉族聚落生态位的高间隙度维数,揭示了山区汉族聚落封闭性特点。同时,流域内1 667个聚落生态位间隙度维数（0.946）与藏族（0.949）相似,表明藏族聚落生态位空间异质性特征能够反映整个流域山区聚落生态位空间分异程度。② 岷江上游藏-羌-汉-回聚落生态位内的植被生境适宜性指数均值分别为：2.816、2.622、2.529、2.644,说明山区聚落生态位的空间分布与植被生境相适宜。同时,流域内1 667个聚落生态位几何特征对植被生境的敏感程度（0.601）与羌族（0.610）相似,表明羌族聚落生态位的几何特征具有典型性。③ 藏-羌-回-汉聚落生态位的空间聚簇性地域分异明显、地理边界清晰,说明聚落生态位的民族属性对聚落区位、规模和形态具有显著影响。  相似文献   

山东半岛人口和产业布局适宜性评价     

赵振华 《地域研究与开发》2017,36(2)

选择环境敏感性、交通优势度、水土资源丰度、人口聚集程度及附属设施4个方面的12个指标构建评价要素体系,对山东半岛地区人口和产业布局适宜性进行分类评价,利用AHP求取各指标权重,借助GIS软件空间叠加功能,计算人口和产业布局适宜性大小,并将其分为5个等级。评价结果显示:人口布局适宜性以强区为主,主要分布在胶莱盆地及烟台东部地区;制造业布局适宜性强区主要分布在潍北地区、威海市中部地区、青岛市环胶州湾地区、日照市东港区;新兴产业布局适宜性强区主要分布在威海市北部地区、青岛市沿胶州湾地区,烟台市北部地区有零星分布;物流行业布局适宜性强区主要分布在烟台市北部沿海、环胶州湾地区及潍坊市市域范围内。  相似文献   

长江口涨潮与落潮流速和悬沙输运不对称性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李占海  汪亚平  程鹏  张国安  李九发 《海洋学报(英文版)》2016,35(10):37-47

为了量化比较海表层环境及温跃层环境对南太平洋长鳍金枪鱼渔场分布的影响程度;本研究采用2010-2012年南太平洋长鳍金枪鱼延绳钓渔船实际生产统计数据;结合卫星遥感所获取的海表面温度（sea surface temperature;SST）和海表面高度（sea surface height;SSH）数据以及Argo浮标所获取的温跃层上、下界水温和深度数据;运用外包络法分别构建了基于海表层环境变量、温跃层上界环境变量以及温跃层下界环境变量的3种栖息地适应性指数（habitat suitability index;HSI）模型。模型验证结果显示;基于海表层环境变量的HSI模型;HSI>0.6时所占产量比重为70.04%;投钩数量比重为70.86%;HSI>0.8时所占产量比重为24.92%;投钩数量比重为25.79%;基于温跃层上界环境变量的HSI模型;HSI>0.6时所占产量比重为82.17%;投钩数量比重为80.95%;HSI>0.8时所占产量比重为33.24%;投钩数量比重为32.69%;基于温跃层下界环境变量的HSI模型;HSI>0.6时所占产量比重为81.01%;投钩数量比重为81.54%;HSI>0.8时所占产量比重为43.51%;投钩数量比重为43.73%。研究发现;基于温跃层上界和下界环境变量的两个HSI模型预报精度明显高于基于表层环境变量的HSI模型;且基于温跃层下界环境变量的HSI模型预报精度高于基于温跃层上界环境变量的HSI模型。研究结果表明;相较于海表层环境;温跃层环境;尤其是温跃层下界环境特征对南太平洋长鳍金枪鱼资源分布的影响更为显著。  相似文献   

A Method for Evaluating the Suitability of CO2 Geological Storage in Deep Saline Aquifers     

LI Fucheng  ZHANG Yang  JIA Xiaofeng  LI Xufeng  JIA Xiaoleng  GUO Shengxiu 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(5):1838-1851

This work established an evaluation index system based on a comprehensive analysis of those factors affecting the suitability of CO2 geological storage. This evaluation index system includes three evaluation index layers of geological safety, storage scale and social economy, nine evaluation index sub-layers, and 28 evaluation index factors, and adopts the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and index overlay methods. Taking the Xining Basin in northwest China as an example, we conducted comprehensive analysis of geological conditions and performed quantitative evaluation based on this evaluation index system, which indicates that the Shuangshu depression of the Xining Basin is comparatively suitable for CO2 geological storage. It is suggested that this evaluation index system and the evaluation method proposed in this study are suitable for most continental sedimentary basins in China and should be widely applied.  相似文献   

中国富士苹果种植的气候适宜性研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

屈振江  周广胜 《气象学报》2016,74(3):479-490

基于中国1981-2010年2084个气象台站资料和203个富士苹果种植区分布的地理数据,利用最大熵(MaxEnt)模型和ArcGIS平台,从物种分布机理与品质两方面研究了影响富士苹果在中国分布的主导气候因子及适宜范围,并对其气候适宜性进行区域划分和评价。结果表明,影响富士苹果在中国分布的主导气候因子有8个,富士苹果地理分布的气候适宜范围分别为年日照时数2000-2500 h、年平均气温7-14℃、≥10℃积温3000-4800℃·d、最冷月平均气温-7-0℃、夏季气温平均日较差8-12℃、年降水量400-800 mm、夏季平均气温20-26℃、夏季平均空气相对湿度60%-78%。中国富士苹果的气候适宜区主要分布在黄土高原、环渤海湾和黄河古道,其中,黄土高原区的陕西、山西和甘肃气候适宜度最高,而山东和河北两省富士苹果规模化种植还有较大发展空间。   相似文献   

A WOE method for urban growth boundary delineation and its applications to land use planning     

Xin-qi Zheng  Li-na Lv 《International journal of geographical information science》2016,30(4):691-707

The aim of this study is to develop a new approach for delineating urban growth boundaries (UGBs) by applying the weight of evidence (WOE) method to land suitability assessments. Rapid urbanization is causing urban areas to encroach on agricultural land in China, posing a threat to national food security. Land use planning with clear delineation of UGBs is an effective method for controlling urban expansion. However, existing methods for delineating UGBs are typically complex or involve arbitrary decision-making. To address these drawbacks, we introduced the WOE method to develop a new UGB delineation approach, and applied this approach to a case study in the city of Jinan, China. This application achieved satisfactory accuracy; therefore, we concluded that the WOE method was an objective and effective approach to land use suitability assessments and UGB delineation. Land use planning could be benefitted considerably from the application of this method to land allocation and other planning decisions.  相似文献   

Integrating cellular automata and Markov techniques to generate urban development potential surface: a study on Kolkata agglomeration   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Biswajit Mondal  Dipendra Nath Das  Basudeb Bhatta 《国际地球制图》2017,32(4):401-419

Uncontrolled, yet fragmented peripheral urban expansion has emerged as a menace to urban development. To cope with this rapid urban expansion process, identification of the forces responsible for this rapid urban expansion is a pre-requisite, especially when its threats to habitability are taken into consideration. This study tries to evaluate fragmented uncontrolled urban expansion faced by Kolkata using cellular automata-Markov chain. Urban growth patterns, land use/land cover transformations and spatial allocation correspondence with planning strategy is the main theme of this study. Depending upon the driving forces, the study result indicates a bi-directional urban development potential surface, which might be a result of the biased planning initiative along with middle-class residential demand. This simulation result provides evidence for the planning authority to evaluate the effectiveness of spatial allocation and urban expansion trends and provide flexibility to modify the current allocation scenario.  相似文献   

基于CLDAS温度适宜度指标空间化方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张超  吴国周  宋海清  武荣盛 《气象科技》2017,45(3):555-560

为了避免站点观测数据空间插值误差,提高玉米温度适宜度指标空间化精度,本文利用陆面数据同化系统CLDAS逐小时气温同化数据,基于内蒙古玉米动态适宜度计算方法,利用GIS空间分析和建模功能,构建逐日温度适宜度指标的空间化计算模型。该模型根据温度适宜度动态模型计算指定日期的"三基点"温度指标空间分布;结合CLDAS日平均气温空间分布,利用条件函数实现适宜度指标分段空间化计算。以2015年5—8月为例,进行常规气象站点误差检验,结果表明:常规站检验最大绝对误差0.156,90%的站点绝对误差小于0.1;最大相对误差36.9%,70%的站点相对误差不足8%;CLDAS数据很好的把握了5月高温、8月低温的不利影响,适宜度为0。基于CLDAS气温拟合数据的温度适宜度模型流程清晰实用,适宜度指标空间化精度较高。  相似文献