A coupled model for prediction of settlement and gas flow in MSW landfills     

L. Yu  F. Batlle  A. Lloret 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2010,34(11):1169-1190

Prediction of long‐term settlement and control of gas pollution to the environment are two principle concerns during the management of municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills. The behavior of settlement and gas flow in MSW landfills is complicated due to the combined effect of mechanical deformation of the solid skeleton and continuous biodegradation of the waste. A one‐dimensional settlement and gas flow model is presented in this paper, which is capable of predicting time evolution of settlement as well as temporal and spatial distribution of gas pressure within multi‐layered landfills under a variety of operating scenarios. The analytical solution to the novel model is evaluated with numerical simulation and field measurements. The resulting efficiency and accuracy highlight the capability of the proposed model to reproduce the settlement behavior and gas flow in MSW landfills. The influences of operating conditions and waste properties on settlement and gas pressure are examined for typical MSW landfills. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Least‐square support vector machine applied to settlement of shallow foundations on cohesionless soils     

Pijush Samui  T. G. Sitharam 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2008,32(17):2033-2043

This paper examines the potential of least‐square support vector machine (LSVVM) in the prediction of settlement of shallow foundation on cohesionless soil. In LSSVM, Vapnik's ε‐insensitive loss function has been replaced by a cost function that corresponds to a form of ridge regression. The LSSVM involves equality instead of inequality constraints and works with a least‐squares cost function. The five input variables used for the LSSVM for the prediction of settlement are footing width (B), footing length (L), footing net applied pressure (P), average standard penetration test value (N) and footing embedment depth (d). Comparison between LSSVM and some of the traditional interpretation methods are also presented. LSSVM has been used to compute error bar. The results presented in this paper clearly highlight that the LSSVM is a robust tool for prediction of settlement of shallow foundation on cohesionless soil. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A new soil freeze/thaw discriminant algorithm using AMSR‐E passive microwave imagery     

Tianjie Zhao  Lixin Zhang  Lingmei Jiang  Shaojie Zhao  Linna Chai  Rui Jin 《水文研究》2011,25(11):1704-1716

The soil freeze–thaw controls the hydrological and carbon cycling and thus affects water and energy exchanges at land surface. This article reported a newly developed algorithm for distinguishing the freeze/thaw status of surface soil. The algorithm was based on information from Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer Enhanced (AMSR‐E) which records brightness temperature (Tb) in the afternoon and after midnight. The criteria and discriminant functions were obtained from both radiometer observations and model simulations. First of all, the microwave radiation from freeze–thaw soil was examined by carrying out experimental measurements at 18·7 and 36·5 GHz using a Truck‐mounted Multi‐frequency Microwave Radiometer (TMMR) in the Heihe River of China. The experimental results showed that the soil moisture is a key component that differentiates the microwave radiation behaviours during the freeze–thaw process, and the differences in soil temperature and emissivity between frozen and thawed soils were found to be the most important criteria. Secondly, a combined model was developed to consider the impacts of complex ground surface conditions on the discrimination. The model simulations quite followed the trend of in situ observations with an overall relation coefficient (R) of approximately 0·88. Finally, the ratio of Tb18·7H (horizontally polarized Tb at 18·7 GHz) to Tb36·5V was considered primarily as the quasi‐emissivity, which is more reasonable and explicit in measuring the microwave radiation changes in soil freezing and thawing than the spectral gradient. By combining Tb36·5V to indicate the soil temperature variety, a Fisher linear discrimination analysis was used to establish the discriminant functions. After being corrected by TMMR measurements, the new discriminant algorithm had an overall accuracy of 86% when validated by 4‐cm soil temperature. The multi‐year discriminant results also provided a good agreement with the classification map of frozen ground in China. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Spatial pattern of rural settlements in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Feng Wenlan  Li Ainong  Zhou Wancun 《山地科学学报》2007,4(2):146-154

A quantitative analysis of the spatial pattern of rural settlements in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River was made with the major data sources being the relevant ETM image and the national geographical database of China (including contour line, river and road) at the scale of 1:250 000, and using image interpretation and field investigation to obtain spatial information on rural settlements. The results of the spatial analysis technique of GIS and correlation analysis showed that most settlements (78.2 %) were located in the mountain area at 1500 ∼ 2700 m altitude, and almost half in the arid valley area. More than 80.0 % of settlements had their slopes above 15°. Most settlements had good access to water resources, roads and communications, and tended to cluster close to the road network rather than the river. About half of the rural settlements in the study area were relatively concentrated, while the others were decentralized. Those with higher altitude usually had land with steep slope, inconvenient water and road accesses, and were located far apart from each other. In view of such a situation, further research should be done to make reasonable countermeasures on these settlements for better living conditions and ecosystem stability.  相似文献   

倾斜摄影技术在丘陵山区大比例尺测图中的应用     

何敏  熊先才  李晓俊  赵龙 《测绘通报》2021,(2):93-97,107

针对丘陵山区大比例尺测图应用的需求,本文探讨了如何通过倾斜摄影的技术方法获取高精度的影像模型。首先通过分析航线布设方法、控制点布设采集要点、空三数据处理关键点等,获取满足丘陵山区大比例尺测图应用的数据模型,基于数据模型获取大比例尺地形图数据;然后通过与实地测量数据进行精度对比分析获取试验结果,结果表明倾斜摄影技术不但能满足丘陵山区1：1000大比例尺测图的精度要求,而且大大提高了工作效率。  相似文献   

白洋淀入淀水量变化及影响因素分析   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

杨春霄 《地下水》2010,32(2):110-112

白洋淀入淀水量的多少是其存亡的重要因素。从70年代起,本流域入淀水量急剧减少．白洋淀开始出现干淀现象,到80年代初出现连续干涸达5年之久,使淀区的生态平衡遭到严重破坏。88年重新蓄水后,加强了调水、用水的宏观调控及微观管理,才避免了再次出现连续长年干涸现象。利用双累积曲线法对1960—2008年白洋淀入淀水量及影响因素进行分析,结果表明：白洋淀入淀水量主要受人类活动和天然降水的影响,且人类天然活动的影响程度在加剧;白洋淀自身调蓄能力很差,“引黄济淀”仍是当前保证白洋淀不干的主要途径。  相似文献   

变渗透系数软土一维非线性固结沉降数值模拟     

王俊  雷宏武  徐芬  王静 《地下水》2010,32(2):155-157

固结沉降计算是工程建筑中的重要内容之一。传统的固结沉降计算多是基于渗透数为常数的Terzaghi模型,这与实际的固结过程有较大的差别。采用Carman—Koze模型与一维非线性固结沉降模型进行耦合来模拟固结沉降过程。结果表明,固结导致的渗透系数的变化对固结有较大的影响,特别是在后期这种影响会越来越大。  相似文献   

Numerical simulation for settlement urban tunnel construction     

WANG Qingsong YU Qingyang 《世界地质(英文版)》2014,17(3):170-175

The excavation for the municipal tunnel will disturb the soil around the tunnel, and the deformation and subsidence of the earth surface always take place, which may lead to instability and even collapse for the building above the tunnel. At the same time the deformation and subsidence of the earth surface affect the normal use of underground municipal pipelines, and may cause the road sudden collapse, leading to significantly traffic accidents. The authors did a research by simulating for the excavation of municipal tunnel and designed the related supporting plan, and put forward some suggestions and measures for the design and construction of urban tunnel.  相似文献   

大型储油罐基础非均匀沉降的有限元分析研究     

刘红军  杨志强  王秀海 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,44(5):89-94

以中石化仪征15万m3大型浮顶储油罐工程为例,研究了砂石褥垫层对大型储油罐基础的差异沉降的影响。根据行业标准《建筑地基处理技术规范》(JGJ79—2012)沉降公式计算以及有限元模拟计算,并结合现场实测数据,验证了有限元模拟分析的可行性,在此基础上进行了环墙内砂石垫层厚度及长度对差异沉降影响的扩展研究,为以后的类似工程项目设计施工提供了借鉴。  相似文献   

多尺度地图空间居民地语义相似度计算方法     

高晓蓉  闫浩文  禄小敏 《测绘学报》2022,51(1):95-103

地图综合的本质是一种空间相似变换,制图者在相似原则的指导下实施概括,读图者从包含相似性的地图中形成心象地图、重构现实世界。因此,多尺度地图空间中的相似关系研究非常重要。然而,由于相似的可计算性差,且其计算的目的在于揭示更深层次的信息,地图综合中相似关系尤其是语义相似关系的研究相对较少。针对这一问题,本文以语义功能区约束下的大比例尺街区式居民地合并（1∶1750至1∶4000）为例,基于匹配距离模型计算建筑物合并中的语义相似度,得到语义相似度在关键比例尺节点的值,并对结果进行分析、评价。试验表明,语义功能区约束下的建筑物合并符合读图者的地图认知需求,本文所述方法有助于地图更好地发挥信息传输载体的作用。  相似文献