任意空间取向TI介质中长排列非双曲动校正公式优化(英文)     

郝重涛  姚陈  张建中 《应用地球物理》2010,7(4):336-347

常规长排列非双曲动校正公式是在VTI介质中得到的,它不能满足任意空间取向TI(ATI)条件下的扩展.本文以VTI介质中非双曲动校正公式为基础,基于我们推导得出的ATI介质中精确四次时差系数解析解和NMO速度解析解,给出ATI介质中长排列优化的非双曲动校正公式.通过与各向异性射线追踪方法计算所得出的"精确走时"结果对比,研究表明优化后的非双曲动校正公式能精确地描述任意强弱、ATI介质中随测线方位变化的走时曲线,可以用来替代耗时、多偏移距、多方位的射线追踪方法正演拟合ATI介质中长偏移距反射走时,为利用非双曲时距的各向异性参数反演提供理论基础性认识。  相似文献   

2D多尺度非线性地震速度成像   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

潘纪顺  张先康  ZHAO Ping  徐朝繁  刘志  田晓峰  殷智武 《地球物理学报》2008,51(1):197-205

将遗传算法和单纯形算法相结合,得到了一种高效、健全的2D混合地震走时反演方法.把速度场划分为不同的空间尺度,定义网格节点上的速度作为待反演参数,采用双三次样条函数模型参数化,正问题采用有限差分走时计算方法,反问题采用多尺度混合反演方法.首先在较大的空间尺度内反演,然后减小空间尺度,将大尺度的反演结果作为次一级尺度反问题的初始模型,再进行混合反演,如此类推逐次逼近全局最优解.一个低速度异常体的数值模拟试验和抗走时扰动试验表明该方法是有效和健全的.我们将该方法应用到青藏高原东北缘阿尼玛卿缝合带东段上部地壳速度结构研究中,并与前人的成果进行了对比.  相似文献   

Three-dimensional sensitivity kernels for finite-frequency traveltimes: the banana–doughnut paradox     

Henk Marquering  F.A. Dahlen  & Guust Nolet 《Geophysical Journal International》1999,137(3):805-815

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Computation of qP-wave rays, traveltimes and slowness vectors in orthorhombic media     

Thomas Mensch  & Véronique Farra 《Geophysical Journal International》1999,138(1):244-256

The eikonal equation is the equation of the phase slowness surface for isotropic and anisotropic media. In general anisotropic media, there is no simple explicit expression for the phase slowness surface. An approximate expression of the eikonal equation may be obtained in weakly anisotropic media. In orthorhombic media, the approximate eikonal equation of the qP wave is the sum of an ellipsoidal form and a more complicated term. The ellipsoidal form corresponds to what we call ellipsoidal anisotropy. Ray equations written in the Hamiltonian formulation are characteristics of the eikonal equation. Ray perturbation theory may be used to compute changes in ray paths and physical attributes (traveltime, polarization, amplitude) due to changes in the medium with respect to a reference medium. Examples obtained in homogeneous orthorhombic media show that a reference medium with ellipsoidal anisotropy is a better choice to develop the perturbation approach than an isotropic reference medium. Models with strong anisotropy can be considered. The comparison with results obtained by an exact ray program shows a relative traveltime error of less than 0.5 per cent for a model with relatively strong anisotropy. We propose a finite element approach in which the medium is divided into a set of elements with polynomial elastic parameter distributions. Inside each element, using a perturbation approach, analytical expressions for rays and traveltimes are obtained Ray tracing reduces to connecting these analytical solutions at the vertices of the cells.  相似文献   

P-wave propagation heterogeneity and earthquake location in the Mediterranean region   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Claudia Piromallo  & Andrea Morelli 《Geophysical Journal International》1998,135(1):232-254

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Mean Traveltime Curves Analysis: A Method to Improve Understanding of Data Behaviour in 2-D Transmission Tomography at the Pre-Inversion Stage     

Juan L. Fernández Martínez  José P. Fernández Alvarez  Luis M. Pedruelo González 《Mathematical Geology》2006,38(3):343-374

Transmission tomography methods show a great sensibility to data variability, which eventually includes data errors, often present in field experiments. Local optimization methods, traditionally used to solve this inverse problem, are very sensitive to these difficulties, failing to converge properly in the presence of spurious data. Regularization methods partially cope with these weaknesses, damping the instabilities.A complementary approach, adopted here, is to perform a structured analysis of data variability before the inversion, oriented to discriminate the contribution of errors from that of true geological heterogeneities. The key concept of mean traveltime curves ( and ) is introduced and described. Their analytical equations are deduced for isotropic homogeneous media and any recording geometry. Empirical mean traveltime curves can be inferred based solely on traveltime data, using the corresponding discrete estimators. The methodology proposed here proceeds through a user-defined subdivision of the domain of interest into isotropic homogeneous areas. Least squares velocity estimations and associated data misfits are used to scrutinize the behaviour of the implied source-receiver sets and of the ray-swept part of the geologic medium. Data are considered suspicious if zonal estimated velocities are non-consistent with a priori information. Also, independent fitting of both empirical curves helps to classify the genesis of the residuals: some situations are illustrated.Finally, we show the application of this technique to a data set from the Grimsel test site in Switzerland. Using this methodology, we detect some anomalous gathers, which may be responsible for the large range of velocities found in the initial imaging with this data set. Also, we give some indications of the possible sources of these anomalies. This approach offers a quick data variability analysis in the pre-processing stage, which, even if no data editing algorithms are finally used, always improves the understanding of the data structure.  相似文献   

双重网格井间地震层析成像技术     

马德堂  朱光明  张文波 《地球科学与环境学报》2005,27(4):83-86

提出了一种不同于常规的井间地震层析成像技术，即在较细的网格上进行射线追踪，以提高射线路径和旅行时的计算精度，在较粗的网格上进行层析反演成像，使网格像素上射线覆盖的最低次数达到一定要求，以提高成像质量。分析了采用这种双重网格地震层析成像技术的必要性，模型实验证实了此技术实用性和有效性。  相似文献   

Wavefield decomposition for passive ocean bottom seismological data   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M. Thorwart  T. Dahm 《Geophysical Journal International》2005,163(2):611-621

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基于图形界面的波形相关法拾取远震相对走时残差   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张风雪  吴庆举  李永华  张广成  余大新 《地震地磁观测与研究》2013,34(3)

利用图形界面操作集成两种波形相关法(多道互相关和自适应叠加)拾取远震走时残差,在该软件包中地震学研究者通过轻松点击鼠标等基本操作即可实现数据的预处理、地震波形的质量控制、走时残差结果的显示及对比分析等操作,提高远震震相走时残差的拾取效率和准确度.  相似文献   

Ellipticity corrections for seismic phases   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

B. L. N. Kennett  O. Gudmundsson 《Geophysical Journal International》1996,127(1):40-48

The advent of broad-band seismology has meant that use is being made of a wide range of seismic phases, for many of which ellipticity corrections have not been readily available. In particular, when many seismic phases are used in location schemes, it is important that the systematic effects of ellipticity are included for each phase.
An efficient and effective procedure for constructing ellipticity corrections is to make use of the ray-based approach of Dziewonksi & Gilbert (1976), as reformulated by Doornbos (1988), in conjunction with the rapid evaluation of traveltimes and slownesses for a given range using the tauspline procedure of Buland & Chapman (1983).
Ellipticity coefficients have been tabulated for a wide range of seismic phases and are available in electronic form. The ellipticity correction procedures have been extended to include an allowance for diffraction phenomena, for example P _diff, S _diff diffracted along the core-mantle boundary. Corrections for additional phases can be generated by building the ellipticity coefficients from suitable combinations of the coefficients for different phase segments.  相似文献