Influence of Cyclic Wetting Drying on Collapse Behaviour of Compacted Residual Soil     

Sudhakar M. Rao  K. Revanasiddappa 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2006,24(3):725-734

The climatic zones where residual soils occur are often characterized by alternate wet and dry seasons. Laboratory studies of earlier workers have established that the alternate wetting and drying process affects the swell-shrink potentials, water content, void ratio and particle cementation of expansive soils. The influence of cyclic wetting and drying on the collapse behaviour of residual soils has not been examined. This paper examines the influence of alternate wetting and drying on the collapse behaviour of compacted residual soil specimens from Bangalore District. Results of such a study are useful in anticipating changes in collapse behaviour of compacted residual soil fills. Experimental results indicated that the cyclic wetting and drying process increased the degree of expansiveness of the residual soils and reduced their collapse tendency. Changes in the swell/collapse behaviour of compacted residual soil specimens from wetting drying effects are attributed to reduction in water content, void ratio and possible growth of cementation bonds.  相似文献   

Sea-surface observations of the magnetic signals of ocean swells   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

F. E. M. Lilley  A. P. Hitchman  P. R. Milligan  T. Pedersen 《Geophysical Journal International》2004,159(2):565-572

  相似文献   

Three dimensional numerical simulation of residential building on shrink–swell soils in response to climatic conditions          下载免费PDF全文

Xiong Zhang  Jean‐Louis Briaud 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2015,39(13):1369-1409

Shrink–swell soils can cause distresses in buildings, and every year, the economic loss associated with this problem is huge. This paper presents a comprehensive system for simulating the soil–foundation–building system and its response to daily weather conditions. Weather data include rainfall, solar radiation, air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed, all of which are readily available from a local weather station or the Internet. These data are used to determine simulation flux boundary conditions. Different methods are proposed to simulate different boundary conditions: bare soil, trees, and vegetation. A coupled hydro‐mechanical stress analysis is used to simulate the volume change of shrink–swell soils due to both mechanical stress and water content variations. Coupled hydro‐mechanical stress‐jointed elements are used to simulate the interaction between the soil and the slab, and general shell elements are used to simulate structural behavior. All the models are combined into one finite element program to predict the entire system's behavior. This paper first described the theory for the simulations. A site in Arlington, Texas, is then selected to demonstrate the application of the proposed system. Simulation results are shown, and a comparison between measured and predicted movements for four footings in Arlington, Texas, over a 2‐year period is presented. Finally, a three‐dimensional simulation is made for a virtual residential building on shrink–swell soils to identify the influence of various factors. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Shape of pinch and swell structures as a viscosity indicator: Application to lower crustal polyphase rocks     

《Journal of Structural Geology》2016

Pinch and swell structures occur where a more competent layer in a weaker matrix is subjected to layer-parallel extension. In this contribution, we use numerical models to explore the use of pinch and swell structure shape symmetry and asymmetry as a determinant of relative viscosity between layers. Maximum asymmetry is attained when the matrix viscosity on one side is subtly weaker than the competent layer, while the other side is significantly weaker.Our numerical results are directly applied to asymmetrically developed pinch and swell structures in exposed lower continental crust. Here, shape geometries observed in a shear zone comprised of plagioclase-dominated, garnet-dominated and mixed amphibole-plagioclase-dominated bands, reveals that the plagioclase-dominated band is the most competent band and is marginally stronger (2×) and significantly stronger (10–40×) than the fine grained garnet-dominated and mixed amphibole-plagioclase-dominated band, respectively. Based on the experimentally determined viscosity of a plagioclase-dominated material and quantitative microstructural analysis, the viscosity range of the natural rock bands is 2.8 × 10¹⁵ to 1.1 × 10¹⁷ Pa s. Consequently, the assumption that the experimentally-derived plagioclase flow law is an appropriate proxy for the middle to lower continental crust may lead to a viscosity over-estimation by up to forty times.  相似文献   

大洋涌浪耗散研究及模式应用的进展及主要问题     

毕凡  宋金宝 《海洋科学》2016,40(9):128-134

大洋中涌浪普遍存在且对大气-海洋之间的物理过程有较大影响,但目前对涌浪的耗散过程研究尚不充分。总结了关于涌浪传播和耗散的观测事实,着重指出利用遥感数据推进相关研究的可能性;同时分析可能的物理机制,并论述其在海浪模式中的应用及不足。通过梳理大洋涌浪耗散的研究进展,为今后开展涌浪相关研究提供依据。  相似文献   

Improvement of calcareous expansive soils in semi-arid environments   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Zalihe Nalbantoglu  Emin Gucbilmez 《Journal of Arid Environments》2001,47(4):453

The semi-arid climate and geology of Cyprus have caused the formation of calcareous expansive soils on the island. In some areas, swelling has caused serious foundation problems. The industrial by-product Soma fly ash has been used to improve the engineering properties of the soil. Fly ash treatment has shown tremendous potential as an economical method for the stabilization of the soil. Significant reduction in the swell potential and an increase in the hydraulic conductivity values are obtained. Use of fly ash with a small percentage of lime produces even more dramatic results. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) values substantiate the formation of the new pozzolanic reaction minerals which result in more stable silt-sand like structures.  相似文献   

郑家-王庄地区沙一段粘土矿物特征及对储层敏感性影响   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

张关龙  陈世悦  鄢继华 《矿物学报》2006,26(1):99-106

东营凹陷郑家—王庄地区沙一段砂岩储集层中蕴藏大量稠油油藏,但开发过程中粘土矿物的敏感性严重制约了该油类藏的有效开发。定向X射线衍射分析结果表明,本区沙一段砂岩储层中粘土矿物组成类型为伊/蒙无序间层矿物(S/I)、高岭石、伊利石和绿泥石,其中以伊/蒙无序间层矿物的相对含量居多。这就决定了研究区储层敏感性以水敏性为主,其余敏感性无或较弱。据定向X射线衍射谱图上S/I主峰d值大小,进一步识别出钙型S/I、钠型S/I及钙钠过渡型S/I。扫描电镜观察表明,S/I具有丝状、网状和蜂窝状三种形态,且大都包裹在岩石骨架颗粒的表面作为孔隙衬里而存在。阳离子交换容量和膨胀率研究结果显示,二者与样品中S/I含量和层间阳离子类型相关。膨胀率和阳离子交换量与S/I含量都呈较好的正相关关系。在S/I中蒙皂石层含量相当的情况下,钠型S/I的膨胀率和阳离子交换量值偏大,钙型偏小,钙钠过渡型居中。此外,粘土总量以及S/I产状对储层损害也有较大的影响。  相似文献   

Swelling Behaviour of Expansive Shales from the Middle Region of Saudi Arabia     

Abdullah I. Al-Mhaidib 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1998,16(4):291-307

Severe and widespread damage in residential buildings, sidewalks and pavements in various parts of the middle region of Saudi Arabia is caused by the development of heave and swelling pressure in the expansive shales in the region. This paper presents the problems and the geotechnical and physicochemical properties of the tested shales. The swelling potential was determined using various methods. Swell tests were conducted under different loading conditions and following different procedures to quantify the amount of vertical swell and swelling pressure. The conventional one-dimensional oedometer swell tests were performed using three different procedures, namely, free swell, constant volume swell and swell overburden. In addition, swell tests were performed in the stress path triaxial apparatus. Tests under different vertical stresses and confinements were conducted. Vertical swell and swelling pressure obtained from the various methods were compared. The reliability of the different methods for estimation of swelling potential is discussed.  相似文献   

The Canary Islands swell: a coherence analysis of bathymetry and gravity   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

J.P. Canales  & J.J. Dañobeitia 《Geophysical Journal International》1998,132(3):479-488

The Canary Archipelago is an intraplate volcanic chain, located near the West African continental margin, emplaced on old oceanic lithosphere of Jurassic age, with an extended volcanic activity since Middle Miocene. The adjacent seafloor does not show the broad oceanic swell usually observed in hotspot-generated oceanic islands. However, the observation of a noticeable depth anomaly in the basement west of the Canaries might indicate that the swell is masked by a thick sedimentary cover and the influence of the Canarian volcanism. We use a spectral approach, based on coherence analysis, to determine the swell and its compensation mechanism. The coherence between gravity and topography indicates that the swell is caused by a subsurface load correlated with the surface volcanic load. The residual gravity/geoid anomaly indicates that the subsurface load extends 600 km SSW and 800 km N and NNE of the islands. We used computed depth anomalies from available deep seismic profiles to constrain the extent and amplitude of the basement uplift caused by a relatively low-density anomaly within the lithospheric mantle, and coherence analysis to constrain the elastic thickness of the lithosphere ( T_e ) and the compensation depth of the swell. Depth anomalies and coherence are well simulated with T_e =28–36 km, compensation depth of 40–65 km, and a negative density contrast within the lithosphere of ∼33 kg m⁻³. The density contrast corresponds to a temperature increment of ∼325°C, which we interpret to be partially maintained by a low-viscosity convective layer in the lowermost lithosphere, and which probably involves the shallower parts of the asthenosphere. This interpretation does not require a significant rejuvenation of the mechanical properties of the lithosphere.  相似文献   

利用海底地震仪数据分析台风对海底环境噪音的影响   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

敖威  赵明辉  阮爱国  丘学林 《热带海洋学报》2009,28(6):61-67

在海底布设的海底地震仪（OBS）能比较清晰地记录到海底的环境噪音，而台风可以直接或间接的产生在海底传播的弹性波，从而影响海底的环境噪音，并在较大程度上影响OBS的数据记录。本文通过分析台风对工作区的整个影响过程中OBS记录数据的振幅变化，再选择合适的滤波方式，首次发现台风产生的风浪及涌浪在短周期海底地震仪的记录数据上有良好的表现特征，指出了台风对海底环境噪音的另一种可能的影响方式，并由此得出：1）台风产生的风浪和涌浪对海底环境噪音的影响模式不同；2）风浪和涌浪所加强的海底环境噪音的范围和程度不同；3）短周期OBS可以比较清晰的记录涌浪信息，其周期主要是6—8 s，且能量稳定（简称“8秒现象”）。这三点结论为后期的海洋地震研究和海洋学其他研究提供经验与借鉴。  相似文献