全文获取类型
| 收费全文 | 464篇 |
| 免费 | 35篇 |
| 国内免费 | 28篇 |
专业分类
| 测绘学 | 8篇 |
| 大气科学 | 20篇 |
| 地球物理 | 188篇 |
| 地质学 | 68篇 |
| 海洋学 | 143篇 |
| 天文学 | 1篇 |
| 综合类 | 9篇 |
| 自然地理 | 90篇 |
出版年
| 2024年 | 1篇 |
| 2023年 | 6篇 |
| 2022年 | 14篇 |
| 2021年 | 4篇 |
| 2020年 | 2篇 |
| 2019年 | 7篇 |
| 2018年 | 7篇 |
| 2017年 | 22篇 |
| 2016年 | 13篇 |
| 2015年 | 12篇 |
| 2014年 | 15篇 |
| 2013年 | 15篇 |
| 2012年 | 7篇 |
| 2011年 | 15篇 |
| 2010年 | 18篇 |
| 2009年 | 37篇 |
| 2008年 | 37篇 |
| 2007年 | 34篇 |
| 2006年 | 35篇 |
| 2005年 | 14篇 |
| 2004年 | 22篇 |
| 2003年 | 14篇 |
| 2002年 | 16篇 |
| 2001年 | 14篇 |
| 2000年 | 8篇 |
| 1999年 | 16篇 |
| 1998年 | 9篇 |
| 1997年 | 6篇 |
| 1996年 | 8篇 |
| 1995年 | 8篇 |
| 1994年 | 5篇 |
| 1993年 | 13篇 |
| 1992年 | 8篇 |
| 1991年 | 8篇 |
| 1990年 | 7篇 |
| 1989年 | 4篇 |
| 1988年 | 5篇 |
| 1987年 | 3篇 |
| 1986年 | 2篇 |
| 1985年 | 2篇 |
| 1984年 | 5篇 |
| 1983年 | 5篇 |
| 1982年 | 7篇 |
| 1981年 | 7篇 |
| 1980年 | 3篇 |
| 1979年 | 3篇 |
| 1977年 | 1篇 |
| 1976年 | 3篇 |
排序方式： 共有527条查询结果，搜索用时 31 毫秒
11.
为探讨长江口南港的水动力结构及悬沙侧向输运特征,本文从解析解的角度构建了潮汐河口水沙输运数学模型,并将其应用到长江口南港某横断面上。南港水动力主控于半日潮流,余流主要由陆相径流及本地非线性对流项驱动,悬沙分布上北侧副槽远大于南侧主槽,水沙分布的计算结果与实测结果在结构上基本一致。通过输沙函数进一步分析表明,潮流输沙和余流输沙是南港侧向输沙函数的两个主要部分。南港中强劲径流削弱了涨潮流,增强了落潮流,使得向河槽南侧的涨潮流输沙小于向河槽北侧的落潮流输沙,潮流输沙指向河槽北侧。径流驱动的南港侧向余流在涨潮流方向上为一逆时针环流结构,余流输沙指向河槽北侧。扩散输沙指向南侧主槽,因其总是指向悬沙浓度梯度的负方向。在各输沙因子的综合作用下,南港中大量悬沙捕集于河槽北侧,使得河槽北部底层潮平均含沙量值达到最大值。 相似文献
12.
The awareness of water quality issues has never been higher. As part of its continuing strategic diffuse pollution policy support, ADAS recently undertook to identify catchments across England and Wales that could potentially fail recently proposed suspended sediment yield targets under current environmental conditions. The total suspended sediment loads (SSL) delivered to all rivers were assumed to comprise contributions from diffuse sources in the agricultural and urban sectors, as well as from eroding channel banks and point sources represented by sewage treatment works (STWs). Diffuse agricultural sediment loss to rivers was predicted using the PSYCHIC model. Corresponding inputs from diffuse urban sources were estimated on the basis of an Event Mean Concentration (EMC) methodology. Channel bank sediment inputs were calculated using a prototype national scale model, while point source sediment contributions were based on a register of consented effluent discharges. Modelled SSL were validated (r2=68%) against PARCOM data (1999–2003) for the delivery of sediment to different regions of the UK maritime area. The results of the validation were considered to be realistic for a national scale predictor. The modelling exercise suggested that those catchments currently at risk of exceeding proposed suspended sediment yield critical thresholds are largely confined to upland areas across Wales and northwest England and the chalklands of southern and eastern England. 相似文献
13.
Measurements of two small streams in northeastern Vermont, collected in 1966 and 2004–2005, document considerable change in channel width following a period of passive reforestation. Channel widths of several tributaries to Sleepers River in Danville, VT, USA, were previously measured in 1966 when the area had a diverse patchwork of forested and nonforested riparian vegetation. Nearly 40 years later, we remeasured bed widths and surveyed large woody debris (LWD) in two of these tributaries, along 500 m of upper Pope Brook and along nearly the entire length (3 km) of an unnamed tributary (W12). Following the longitudinal survey, we collected detailed channel and riparian information for nine reaches along the same two streams. Four reaches had reforested since 1966; two reaches remained nonforested. The other three reaches have been forested since at least the 1940s. Results show that reforested reaches were significantly wider than as measured in 1966, and they are more incised than all other forested and nonforested reaches. Visual observations, cross-sectional surveys, and LWD characteristics indicate that reforested reaches continue to change in response to riparian reforestation. The three reaches with the oldest forest were widest for a given drainage area, and the nonforested reaches were substantially narrower. Our observations culminated in a conceptual model that describes a multiphase process of incision, widening, and recovery following riparian reforestation of nonforested areas. Results from this case study may help inform stream restoration efforts by providing insight into potentially unanticipated changes in channel size associated with the replanting of forested riparian buffers adjacent to small streams. 相似文献
14.
Small, low order channels located in wet meadows along the Mogollon Rim of northern Arizona that receive the bulk of their flow from spring discharge exhibit a morphology that differs markedly from channels that receive the bulk of their flow from runoff. These small, spring-dominated channels generally have dense vegetation cover, vertical (or near vertical) banks with flat channel beds that are armored with clasts up to 60 mm. Clasts armoring the spring-dominated channels become mobile at 45 to 85% of the bankfull depth. The lack of fine-grained material in the bed of the spring-dominated channels reflects the small drainage size, lack of fine grain input from the spring, and winnowing affect of the consistent discharge. Minor amounts of large woody debris were present in some of the spring-dominated channels, however, unlike previous studies it does not appear to play a role in the spring-dominated channel morphology. Sinuosity values for spring-dominated channels averaged 1.19, while the average sinuosity values for the runoff-dominated channels, 1.08, were significantly lower. Measured width-to-depth ratios averaged 2.4 in the spring-dominated channels, much lower than the average ratio of 11.6 found for the runoff-dominated channels. The standard deviation of width-to-depth ratios was higher for runoff-dominated channels, reflecting a more variable channel profile. A third channel type, here referred to as hybrid channels, receive significant flow from both springs and runoff. These channels have characteristics that fall between spring-dominated and runoff-dominated channels.Elevation, gradient, organic matter content, and sediment grain size distribution of the wet meadows in which the channels are formed do not exhibit significant differences between channel types, suggesting that these factors are not responsible for the observed differences in channel morphologies. The major differences in controls on the channel morphology found between the spring-dominated and runoff-dominated channels are the discharge regime and the sediment input. The hydrology unique to the spring-dominated channels and the lack of fine-grained sediment input combine to create the observed differences. 相似文献
15.
在地下煤田的开发中,工作面内的小构造、异常体、煤层厚度变化等是需要解决的关键问题,而槽波探测则为这些问题的解决提供了重要的物探方法.本文对河南义马矿区11061工作面进行槽波透射法测量,在巷道显示的煤层厚度变化为1.5~8 m,从理论频散曲线分析速度与厚度关系,确定125 Hz频率槽波主要用于观测厚度约为2~5 m的煤层厚度变化;有效提取了684个频散曲线,并分别拾取了125 Hz时槽波群速度与走时,采用走时层析成像方法获得工作面内煤层速度、厚度以及高应力区分布特征,回采验证了结果的正确性. 相似文献
16.
17.
Information on suspended sediment and particulate P (PP) sources is an important requirement in many catchment-based diffuse source pollution studies, in order to assist with model validation and to provide information to support the development of effective sediment and phosphorus control strategies. Such information is, however, frequently unavailable or difficult to assemble. In the study reported, source fingerprinting procedures were successfully used to assemble this information for seven sub-catchments in the Hampshire Avon catchment and five sub-catchments in the Middle Herefordshire Wye catchment. The results provide important new information on the relative importance of the contributions from surface and channel/subsurface sources to the suspended sediment and PP fluxes from the catchments. In the Wye sub-catchments channel/subsurface sources contributed 40–55% of the overall suspended sediment flux and 21–43% of the PP flux from the catchments. Equivalent values for the Avon were 1–41% and 1–54%, respectively. Combination of the information on the relative importance of surface and channel/subsurface sources with measured suspended sediment fluxes has provided the first estimates of the specific fluxes of sediment and PP attributable to channel/subsurface sources for UK catchments. The former are as high as 15–20 t km−2 year−1 in some of the Wye sub-catchments, whereas the latter exceeded 0.1 kgP ha−1 year−1 in the same sub-catchments. The results emphasize the need to take account of potential contributions from channel/subsurface sources when using measured suspended sediment and PP flux data to validate predictions derived from models incorporating only surface contributions. 相似文献
18.
19.
20.
《国际泥沙研究》2016,(4):299-310
The failure of the Barlin Dam in Taiwan, China offers an important case study for evaluating concepts in modeling the rapid erosion and channel recovery following intentional and unplanned dam removals. We present a modeling effort that applied a 1D and quasi-2D uncoupled hydraulics and sediment model (NETSTARS) to evaluate how discretization and parameterization influence thefitofbed elevationpredic-tions to observations following dam failure. Our analysis evaluated the model sensitivity to sediment transport function, active layer thickness, and number of stream tubes used to define the cross-section. Results indicate that a) the model is more sensitive to active layer thickness and sediment transport function than to the number of stream tubes, b) development of dam removal models are likely to benefit from varying the active layer thickness in time, and c) increased lateral discretization does not appear to improve model fit in the steep and rapidly changing river environment at our site. We conclude with discussion on differences between, identifying the need for, and general use of 1D, quasi-2D, and fully 2D models in dam removal and failure analysis. 相似文献