Improved spatial delineation of streambed properties and water fluxes using distributed temperature sensing          下载免费PDF全文

Landon J. S. Halloran  Hamid Roshan  Gabriel C. Rau  Martin S. Andersen  R. Ian Acworth 《水文研究》2016,30(15):2686-2702

A new method was developed for analysing and delineating streambed water fluxes, flow conditions and hydraulic properties using coiled fibre‐optic distributed temperature sensing or closely spaced discrete temperature sensors. This method allows for a thorough treatment of the spatial information embedded in temperature data by creating a matrix visualization of all possible sensor pairs. Application of the method to a 5‐day field dataset reveals the complexity of shallow streambed thermal regimes. To understand how velocity estimates are affected by violations of assumptions of one‐dimensional, saturated, homogeneous flow and to aid in the interpretation of field observations, the method was also applied to temperature data generated by numerical models of common field conditions: horizontal layering, presence of lateral flow and variable streambed saturation. The results show that each condition creates a distinct signature visible in the triangular matrices. The matrices are used to perform a comparison of the behaviour of one‐dimensional analytical heat‐tracing models. The results show that the amplitude ratio‐based method of velocity calculation leads to the most reliable estimates. The minimum sensor spacing required to obtain reliable velocity estimates with discrete sensors is also investigated using field data. The developed method will aid future heat‐tracing studies by providing a technique for visualizing and comparing results from fibre‐optic distributed temperature sensing installations and testing the robustness of analytical heat‐tracing models. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A shift towards wetter and windier conditions in southern Sweden around the prominent solar minimum 2750 cal a BP          下载免费PDF全文

ANETTE MELLSTRÖM  NATHALIE VAN DER PUTTEN  RAIMUND MUSCHELER  RIXT DE JONG  SVANTE BJÖRCK 《第四纪科学杂志》2015,30(3):235-244

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A Methodology for Clustering Lakes in Alberta on the basis of Water Quality Parameters     

Tahir Ali Akbar  Quazi K. Hassan  Gopal Achari 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2011,39(10):916-924

In this study, a methodology for clustering 18 lakes in Alberta, Canada using the data of 19 water quality parameters for a period of 11 years (1988–2002) is presented. The methods consist of (i) principal component analysis (PCA) to determine the dominant water quality parameters, (ii) cluster analysis techniques to develop the characteristics of the clusters, and (iii) pattern‐match lakes to determine the appropriate cluster for each of the lakes. The PCA revealed that three principal components (PCs) were able to explain ～88% of the variability and the dominant water quality parameters were total dissolved solids, total phosphorus, and chlorophyll‐a. We obtained five clusters for the period 1994–1997 by using the dominant parameters with water quality deteriorating as the cluster number increased from 1 to 5. Upon matching cluster patterns with the entire dataset, it was observed that some of the lakes belonged to the same cluster all the time (e.g., cluster 1 for lakes Elkwater, Gregg, and Jarvis; cluster 3 for Sturgeon; cluster 4 for Moonshine; and cluster 5 for Saskatoon), while others changed with time. This methodology could be applied in other regions of the world to identify the most suitable source waters and prioritize their management. It could be helpful to analyze the natural controlling processes, pollution types, impact of seasonal changes and overall quality of source waters. This methodology could be used for monitoring water bodies in a cost effective and efficient way by sampling only less number of dominant parameters instead of using a large set of parameters.  相似文献   

碳纤维加固技术在水利工程中的应用研究     

王怀国  秦英才 《地下水》2011,(1):165-167

针对王铺渡槽上部墩柱结构出现的大开度贯穿性裂缝,课题组经过全面分析和多方案综合对比,采用裂缝化灌、碳纤维加固、外表面刷涂水性环保型乳胶漆外墙涂料作为防护的综合措施对原工程进行有效的加固处理,并结合水利工程的自身特点改进了加固技术工艺,取得了显著的经济和社会效益.  相似文献   

新疆坡十铜镍硫化物含矿岩体岩浆源区特征及构造背景探讨   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

颉炜  宋谢炎  聂晓勇  程松林 《地学前缘》2011,18(3):189-200

新疆坡北辉长岩体位于塔里木古陆东北缘的北山裂谷带中,坡一和坡十铜镍硫化物含矿超镁铁岩体位于坡北岩体内.尽管坡十超镁铁岩体与坡北辉长岩呈侵入接触,但两者的微量元素和同位素组成显示良好 的一致性,表明两岩相虽然分不同阶段侵入就位,但仍为同源岩浆的产物.MnO-TiO2-R2O5及Th-Hf-Ta判别图解显示坡北及坡十岩体的...  相似文献   

桩端加环对PHC桩影响的试验研究     

陈亮 《岩土工程技术》2011,25(1):5-9,37

PHC桩在动力打桩过程中,往往会因为锤击数或锤击能量过高而发生桩头或桩身损坏,引起的挤土效应和振动效应也会对周围环境造成不良影响.PHC桩桩端加环可减少沉桩过程中桩侧土体摩阻力的影响,结合某电厂工程综合试桩工作,通过对沉桩总锤击数、最终贯入度、土塞高度、打桩振动测试及高应变检测结果的分析,指出桩端加环对保证PHC桩的完...  相似文献   

泰安市岱岳区土地信息监管系统建设     

郭立勤  于学军  朱华 《山东地质》2011,(5):54-57

泰安市国土资源局岱岳区分局为了提高监管力度,利用三维可视化、地理信息、遥感影像、场景合成等先进技术,结合大比例尺数字高程模型,合成真实的三维实景环境,与国土资源数据有机融合,实现国土信息的三维再现。构建信息系统监管平台,实现了建设用地审批、供地、利用、补充、检查全过程动态化、精细化管理。在土地行政审批管理中,提高了效率、规范了流程、落实了责任,实现了以图管地的目的。  相似文献   

2008年夏季西北冰洋观测区叶绿素a和初级生产力粒级结构          下载免费PDF全文

刘子琳  陈建芳  刘艳岚  白有成  张海生  高生泉  李宏亮  卢勇 《海洋学报》2011,33(2):124-133

对2008年夏季在西北冰洋172°～143.6°W的楚科奇海及其北部海区对粒度分级叶绿素a和初级生产力现场观测资料,对观测区的空间分布特征进行了研究.结果表明,观测海区表层叶绿素a浓度为0.013～19.367 μg/dm3,平均值为0.677士2.2661 μg/dm3,次表层水叶绿素a浓度高于其它水层.水柱叶绿素a...  相似文献   

地理信息公共服务平台数据更新技术——以数字沈阳地理空间框架为例     

张西军  张志文  石勇 《测绘工程》2015,(11):76-80

结合沈阳市地理信息公共服务平台数据更新项目,研究地理共享平台数据的更新方式、更新技术以及更新发布一体化流程等关键技术。采用增量更新技术矢量数据,基于历史要素与现势要素节点、分线段的位置关系,检测并提取数据库中更新的要素;利用分词检测方法检测地名信息的匹配度,进行地名数据的更新;基于地名与路网数据,对公交数据进行检测、采集、优化等流程,完成公交数据的更新;并建立平台数据更新与发布一体化流程。经过作业流程控制与编写辅助程序,极大提高数据更新的速度与质量控制水平。  相似文献   

Processes Leading to Second-Year Cooling of the 2010-12 La Ni(n)a Event,Diagnosed Using GODAS     

FENG Licheng  ZHANG Rong-Hua  WANG Zhanggui  CHEN Xingrong 《大气科学进展》2015,32(3)

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