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Fahu Chen Jianbao Liu Qinghai Xu Yuecong Li Jianhui Chen Haitao Wei Qingsong Liu Zongli Wang Xianyong Cao Shengrui Zhang 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2013,49(3):447-464
Environmental magnetic studies were conducted on a 9.42-m-long sediment core from Gonghai Lake, North China. Radiocarbon dating indicates that the record spans the last 15,000 cal year BP. The principal magnetic mineral in the sediments is pseudo-single domain magnetite of detrital origin with minimal post-depositional alteration. Although the variations in the concentration of detrital magnetic minerals and their grain size throughout the core reflect inputs from both soil erosion and eolian dust, it is shown that their climatic and environmental significance changes with time. In the lowermost part of the core, ~15,000–11,500 cal year BP, the magnetic minerals were supplied mainly by bedrock erosion, soil erosion and dust input when climate ameliorated after the cold and dusty last glacial maximum. The increasing magnetic susceptibility (χ) in this interval may indicate a combination of changes in the lake environment together with catchment-surface stabilization and a decreasing proportion of dust input. In the central part of the core, ~11,500–1,000 cal year BP, the detrital magnetic minerals mainly originated from dust inputs from outside the catchment when the lake catchment was covered by forest, and catchment-derived sediment supply (and thus the lake sediment accumulation rate) were minimal. The generally low concentration of magnetic minerals in this part of the core reflects the highest degree of soil stability and the strongest summer monsoon during the Holocene. In the uppermost part of the core, the last ~1,000 years, detrital magnetic minerals mainly originated from erosion of catchment soils when the vegetation cover was sparse and the sediment accumulation rates were high. Within this part of the core the high magnetic susceptibility reflects strong pedogenesis in the lake catchment, and thus a strong summer monsoon. This scenario is similar to that recorded in loess profiles. Overall, the results document three main stages of summer monsoon history with abrupt shifts from one stage to another: an increasing and variable summer monsoon during the last deglacial, a generally strong summer monsoon in the early and middle Holocene and a weak summer monsoon in the late Holocene. The results also suggest that different interpretational models may need to be applied to lake sediment magnetic mineral assemblages corresponding to different stages of environmental evolution. 相似文献
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Cheng-Bang An Shi-Chen Tao Jiaju Zhao Fa-Hu Chen Yanbin Lv Weimiao Dong Hu Li Yongtao Zhao Ming Jin Zongli Wang 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2013,49(2):145-154
Surface and fossil pollen samples were collected to reconstruct the vegetation and environment since 30.7 cal ka BP in the Lake Balikun Basin, northwest China. This record demonstrates that the region was occupied by four vegetation communities during the interval 30.7–9.0 cal ka BP, including desert steppe (30.7–25.1 cal ka BP), Amaranthaceae-Asteraceae desert (25.1–17.7 cal ka BP), Amaranthaceae-Artemisia-Asteraceae desert (17.7–12.8 cal ka BP) and Amaranthaceae desert (12.8–9.0 cal ka BP), corresponding to relatively humid, the coldest and driest, cold and dry, and colder and drier conditions, respectively. The reconstructions of vegetation and environmental changes around Lake Balikun do not support the interpretation of an extremely humid LGM in Central Asia, challenging the cold-moist (glacial), warm-dry (interglacial) pattern of late Quaternary environmental change in Central Asia. The Last Glacial Maximum was cold and dry, and similarly harsh conditions continued into the early Holocene. 相似文献
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本文通过对黄铁矿的化学成分、形态及微形貌、晶胞参数、热电系数等标型特征的研究结果表明,矿床中黄铁矿普遍含金,最高含金量达4200g/t,是国内外已知黄铁矿含金量最高的。矿石中黄铁矿常量元素S/Fe<2,显示亏硫的特点,微量元素Co/Ni=3.25,S/Se=1.98×10~4,表明为热液成因属性。δ~(34)S平均值为1.10‰,靠近标准值(δ~(34)S=0‰),反映出硫源以深源为主。晶胞参数α值小于理论值,与硫空位等因素有关。热电系数以正值为主,P型黄铁矿比率占84.3％,据此,推断矿体剥蚀程度较浅,深部找矿远景较大。 相似文献
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伊犁盆地南缘中下侏罗统碎屑岩地球化学特征及对物源制约 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对可地浸砂岩铀矿找矿和评价而言,明确赋铀砂体的物源是关键。伊犁盆地南缘中下侏罗统为重要砂岩型铀矿赋矿层位。来自盆地南缘坎乡苏阿苏沟中下侏罗统剖面碎屑岩岩石学及地球化学特征分析,对该套碎屑岩物源区特征及构造环境进行研究。下侏罗统八道湾组以杂色砾岩、含砾粗砂岩为主,颗粒具有较差的分选性和磨圆度。砾岩中可见块状层理,正粒序层理,砂岩中可见大型板状层理,砂岩主要为岩屑砂岩,岩屑成分主要为硅质岩屑和流纹岩岩屑;下侏罗统三工河组以细砂岩,粉砂岩,泥岩为主,细粉砂岩中可见沙纹层理,泥岩中可见到水平层理;中侏罗统西山窑组主要发育含砾粗砂岩-砂岩-泥岩组合,砂岩中发育大型槽状层理,平行层理,泥岩可见水平层理;来自该剖面19件样品的地球化学测试数据显示,该套碎屑岩具有较高的SiO_2(53.01%~85.52%,平均值为71.22%)和Al_2O_3(7.45~23.83%,平均值为13.96%),低TFe_2O_3+MgO(0.95~10.77%,平均值为3.64%)和TiO_2(0.20~1.32%,平均值为0.74%),其微量元素和稀土元素组成与上地壳相似,轻稀土富集,重稀土较平坦,铕亏损较明显。微量元素和稀土元素特征显示其物源来源于上地壳长英质岩石,母岩沉积构造背景为与大陆岛弧相关沉积盆地。结合前人资料,认为伊犁盆地南缘中下侏罗统物源可能来源于石炭系大陆岛弧环境下形成的岩石。 相似文献
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在我国,修编土地利用总体规划、城市总体规划之前,开展对现行规划实施情况的评价,已经纳入规范的工作程序,与之相应,规划实施评价研究逐渐成为关注的焦点。该文首先对国外规划实施评价理论与方法进行简要的介绍,再对国内开展的实证研究进行归纳分类,并做出简要评述,以期为今后的规划实施评价研究提供一些新的视角和参考。 相似文献
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基于水环境改善的城市湖泊群河湖连通方案研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
河湖水系连通作为水资源调配、水生态修复与改善的重要手段,已成为江河湖泊治理工作的重点之一。河湖水系连通方案的选择和连通效应的评估直接关系到连通工程对湖泊水动力和水环境的改善效果,但目前缺乏对水系连通后河湖水动力和水质的综合评估体系。以汤逊湖湖泊群为研究对象,构建二维水动力水质数学模型,选取NH3-N、TN和TP作为水质指标,模拟不同连通方案下汤逊湖湖泊群的流场及水质变化情况,结合水动力、水质和经济社会三个方面的评价指标建立综合评价体系,对各连通方案下湖泊群的改善效果进行评估。研究结果表明：引水后湖泊水体流动性有了很大的改善,河湖连通工程能够在短时间内达到改善湖泊水质的目的,但随着引水时间的增长,改善率逐渐减小。通过对比五种连通方案发现,方案五对水动力和水质的改善都取得了最显著的效果,且能够带来最大的引水效益。 相似文献
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1976-2017年青藏高原可可西里盐湖面积动态变化及成因分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
青藏高原湖泊是全球气候变化的敏感指示器。近56年来,可可西里地区气候呈显著暖湿化趋势,其中气温上升速率为0.33℃·（10a）-1（R=0.746,P<0.01）,降水增加速率为23.4mm·（10a）-1（R=0.422,P<0.01）。近40年来,盐湖面积总体呈增大趋势,其中,1976-2011年溃堤前盐湖面积以1.63 km2·a-1的速率扩大,溃堤后以8.51 km2·a-1的速率持续扩大。总体来看,近40多年来,盐湖面积先后经历了缓慢增大（1976-2011年）→急剧增大（2012-2013年）→稳定增大（2014-2017年）三个阶段。盐湖面积前期缓慢扩大的主要原因是可可西里地区气候暖湿化的结果,而后期面积急剧扩大的主要原因是因为2011年9月15日盐湖上游的卓乃湖溃堤,导致下游的3个湖泊（库赛湖、海丁诺尔湖和盐湖）串连成一体;冰川和冻土融水可能是引起可可西里盐湖面积扩张的原因,但并非主要原因。后期盐湖面积还将呈稳定增大趋势。盐湖面积扩大导致盐湖湖水淡化,周边草地受到淹没破坏的面积不断扩大,这种变化不仅对其周边草地生态环境产生破坏,还可能对可可西里周边重大工程设施产生不利影响。鉴于盐湖面积今后还将持续增大,并对其周边重大工程设施产生不利影响。因此,应用多源卫星资料对盐湖进行长期持续的跟踪观测仍将是相关政府部门关注的重点。 相似文献
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冰川流速是冰川动力状况的重要标志,利用合成孔径雷达技术能快速获得大范围冰川的表面流速.利用日本高级陆地观测卫星(ALOS)相控阵型合成孔径雷达L波段(PALSAR)及欧洲太空局的ENVISAT/ASAR数据的特征匹配方法获得帕米尔高原公格尔山区冰川表面流速,并结合合成孔径雷达干涉相干与不同时期数字高程模型对公格尔山区典型冰川动力进行分析,获得研究区不同时间基线冰川表面相干性、表面流速以及基于不同时相DEM的典型冰川表面高程变化信息.结果表明:30 a来克拉牙依拉克冰川表面高程下降了(15±12.1)m,表碛区域近期运动速度变化不大;其木干冰川平均表面高程几乎无变化,但2007-2011年夏季表面流速明显减缓,靠近末端附近部分区域可能已经演化为非活动区;姜满加尔冰川位于西风带的迎风坡,积累区面积大,冰川流速较快,无表碛覆盖,但表面高程仍下降了(8.8±12.7)m.编号为5Y663D0009的冰川冰舌表碛覆盖区可能已经演化为非活动区,30 a来表面高程下降(8.6±12.0)m.综合分析表明,冰川规模特别是积累区面积的大小及所处位置、地形对冰川演化具有重要影响. 相似文献