Magmatic control on the contrasting Sn feritility of different granite plutons in the giant Gejiu orefield.SCIEI北大核心CSCD     

温程明赵盼捞袁顺达 《岩石学报》2023,(6):1817-1828

云南个旧锡矿是全球最大的锡多金属矿床之一,但矿区内同时代花岗岩成锡矿潜力差异显著,其控制因素仍不清楚。本文选取贫矿的龙岔河似斑状花岗岩和成锡矿的老厂-卡房(后文简称老-卡)花岗岩为研究对象,通过全岩地球化学成分和黑云母成分分析,系统研究个旧矿区不同花岗岩成锡矿潜力差异的控制因素。测试结果表明,龙岔河花岗岩和老-卡花岗岩具有相似的、以表壳物质为主的岩浆源区以及较高的初始熔融温度,表明岩浆源区和熔融条件不是控制二者成矿潜力差异的主要原因。黑云母成分显示老-卡花岗岩和龙岔河花岗岩均具有较低的氧逸度,岩浆演化过程中锡为不相容元素,有利于锡在残余熔体中富集,表明氧逸度条件也不是导致成矿潜力差异的关键因素。龙岔河花岗岩发育角闪石、榍石、黑云母,而老-卡花岗岩发育岩浆白云母,指示后者分异程度更高。此外,与龙岔河花岗岩相比,老-卡花岗岩具有富硅,贫钛、铁、镁、钙和稀土元素特征,稀土元素呈现“海鸥式”配分模式,并且具有较低的Nb/Ta、Zr/Hf、K/Rb和较高的Rb/Sr比值,同样指示老-卡花岗岩具有更高的结晶分异程度。并且相比于龙岔河花岗岩为准铝质的特征,老-卡花岗岩的过铝质特征有利于锡分配进入岩浆出溶的流体相中富集成矿。因此,岩浆性质和演化程度是导致个旧地区不同花岗岩成矿潜力差异的主要原因,龙岔河花岗岩形成锡矿化的潜力较小。  相似文献   

江西德兴斑岩铜矿石英闪长玢岩成因及成矿学意义          下载免费PDF全文

鲍波  姜军胜  于玉帅  秦拯纬  郑忠超  柳潇  陕亮  董宜勇  李福林 《岩石矿物学杂志》2023,42(4):483-501

为探究石英闪长玢岩成因及幔源基性岩浆对斑岩铜矿的贡献,本文选取德兴矿床石英闪长玢岩开展了锆石U-Pb定年、Hf同位素和全岩地球化学研究。获得石英闪长玢岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为169 Ma,与成矿花岗闪长斑岩侵位时间一致,岩体为中侏罗世岩浆活动的产物。石英闪长玢岩具有低的SiO₂(58.41%~63.12%)和K₂O(1.68%~2.94%)含量及A/CNK值(0.85~1.04),富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti和重稀土元素,属于钙碱性到高钾钙碱性系列岩石。具有相对亏损的锆石Hf同位素组成,εHf(t)=2.20~7.93(最大值7.93),指示其源区为岩石圈地幔。锆石稀土元素配分模式图显示出明显的正Ce异常,岩浆氧逸度(lg f_O2)为-20.05~-6.66,达到磁铁矿-赤铁矿氧逸度等级,指示石英闪长玢岩结晶自高氧逸度岩浆。全岩地球化学特征显示,德兴石英闪长玢岩与成矿花岗闪长斑岩及其暗色包体符合岩浆混合的演化趋势,说明成矿花岗闪长斑岩可能是中侏罗世幔源基性岩浆和地壳酸性岩浆大规模混合作用的产物,并且石英闪长玢岩代表了岩浆混合过程中的幔源基性端员。结合前人研究成果,认为在中侏罗世伸展构造背景下,软流圈物质上涌导致新元古代受交代的岩石圈地幔部分熔融形成幔源基性岩浆,基性岩浆的底侵作用诱发下地壳物质熔融并与之发生一定程度的岩浆混合作用,形成了花岗闪长斑岩的母岩浆。高氧逸度幔源岩浆的加入可抑制斑岩体系硫化物的过早饱和,同时为德兴矿床注入了成矿所需的部分挥发分和金属元素。  相似文献   

锆石Ce 氧逸度计和早期地球的氧化还原状态     

肖路毅  杨晓志 《高校地质学报》2022,28(4):484-492

氧逸度可以用于定量描述一个体系的氧化还原状态,是地球科学非常重要的一个热力学指标。早期地球的氧逸度及其变化趋势的重建,对大气圈、水圈、生物圈乃至整个地球的起源和演化具有重要的科学意义,也是地球科学长期探索的重要目标。锆石提供了地球上已发现的最古老天然样品,几乎是目前研究早期(冥古宙)地球的唯一可靠对象。近年来的研究发现,锆石中Ce的含量对其母岩浆体系的氧逸度很敏感,并由此发展出了锆石的Ce氧逸度计。这一技术对认识早期地球的氧化还原状态十分关键。文章对锆石Ce氧逸度计进行了简单介绍,进而对早期地壳和地幔的氧化还原状态进行了综合评述。在此基础上,对早期地球几个重要圈层(大气圈、大陆地壳和上地幔)氧逸度的演化及相互间的耦合关系进行了讨论。  相似文献   

Chalcophile element partitioning between sulfide phases and hydrous mantle melt: Applications to mantle melting and the formation of ore deposits     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2014

Understanding the geochemical behavior of chalcophile elements in magmatic processes is hindered by the limited partition coefficients between sulfide phases and silicate melt, in particular at conditions relevant to partial melting of the hydrated, metasomatized upper mantle. In this study, the partitioning of elements Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Mo, Ag, and Pb between sulfide liquid, monosulfide solid solution (MSS), and hydrous mantle melt has been investigated at 1200 °C/1.5 GPa and oxygen fugacity ranging from FMQ−2 to FMQ+1 in a piston-cylinder apparatus. The determined partition coefficients between sulfide liquid and hydrous mantle melt are: 750–1500 for Cu; 600–1200 for Ni; 35–42 for Co; 35–53 for Pb; and 1–2 for Zn, As, and Mo. The partition coefficients between MSS and hydrous mantle melt are: 380–500 for Cu; 520–750 for Ni; ∼50 for Co; <0.5 for Zn; 0.3–6 for Pb; 0.1–2 for As; 1–2 for Mo; and >34 for Ag. The variation of the data is primarily due to differences in oxygen fugacity. These partitioning data in conjunction with previous data are applied to partial melting of the upper mantle and the formation of magmatic-hydrothermal Cu–Au deposits and magmatic sulfide deposits.I show that the metasomatized arc mantle may no longer contain sulfide after >10–14% melt extraction but is still capable of producing the Cu concentrations in the primitive arc basalts, and that the comparable Cu concentrations in primitive arc basalts and in MORB do not necessarily imply similar oxidation states in their source regions.Previous models proposed for producing Cu- and/or Au-rich magmas have been reassessed, with the conclusions summarized as follows. (1) Partial melting of the oxidized (fO₂ > FMQ), metasomatized arc mantle with sulfide exhaustion at degrees >10–14% may not generate Cu-rich, primitive arc basalts. (2) Partial melting of sulfide-bearing cumulates in the root of thickened lower continental crust or lithospheric mantle does not typically generate Cu- and/or Au-rich magmas, but they do have equivalent potential as normal arc magmas in forming magmatic-hydrothermal Cu–Au deposits in terms of their Cu–Au contents. (3) It is not clear whether partial melting of subducting metabasalts generates Cu-rich adakitic magmas, however adakitic magmas may extract Cu and Au via interaction with mantle peridotite. Furthermore, partial melting of sulfide-bearing cumulates in the deep oceanic crust may be able to generate Cu- and Au-rich magmas. (4) The stabilization of MSS during partial melting may explain the genetic link between Au-Cu mineralization and the metasomatized lithospheric mantle.The chalcophile element tonnage, ratio, and distribution in magmatic sulfide deposits depend on a series of factors. This study reveals that oxygen fugacity also plays an important role in controlling Cu and Ni tonnage and Cu/Ni ratio in magmatic sulfide deposits. Cobalt, Zn, As, Sn, Sb, Mo, Ag, Pb, and Bi concentrations and their ratios in sulfide, due to their different partitioning behavior between sulfide liquid and MSS, can be useful indices for the distribution of platinum-group elements and Au in magmatic sulfide deposits.  相似文献   

黑龙江乌拉嘎金矿成矿热力学参数研究          下载免费PDF全文

尹淑苹  李永兵  田会全  刘善琪 《岩石矿物学杂志》2014,33(4):720-725

本文通过对前人工作的总结,在研究矿物共生关系的基础上将乌拉嘎金矿床的成矿作用过程划分为3个成矿阶段,然后利用热力学数据计算出了各个阶段的成矿热力学参数。第1阶段:黄铁矿-早期白色玉髓状石英阶段,Eh范围在-0.5~+0.3 V之间,处于弱还原环境,硫逸度应大于10~(-23);第2阶段:烟灰色玉髓状石英-多金属硫化物阶段,在低温时成矿环境为中酸性(pH=4),弱还原环境(Eh值为-1.0~-0.3 V),硫逸度范围应大于10~(-40),但不会超过10~0。同前一阶段相比,硫逸度下限降低;第3阶段:碳酸盐-石英阶段,碳酸盐矿物的出现预示着成矿已接近尾声,成矿介质的pH值逐步从酸性(pH=3)向中酸性(pH=5)转变,成矿Eh值也从弱还原(-0.5 V)向弱氧化(+0.3 V)过渡,硫逸度下限范围大约在10~(-23)左右,不超过10~0,而氧逸度范围在10~(-20)加左右。这对于深入探讨热液成矿作用过程具有重要参考价值。  相似文献   

Iron isotopic systematics of UHP eclogites respond to oxidizing fluid during exhumation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

D.‐Y. Li  Y. L. Xiao  W.‐Y. Li  X. Zhu  H. M. Williams  Y.‐L. Li 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2016,34(9):987-997

The iron stable isotope compositions (δ⁵⁶Fe) and iron valence states of ultrahigh‐pressure eclogites from Bixiling in the Dabie orogen belt, China, were measured to trace the changes of geochemical conditions during vertical transportation of earth materials, for example, oxygen fugacity. The bulk Fe³⁺/ΣFe ratios of retrograde eclogites, determined by Mössbauer spectroscopy, are consistently higher than those of fresh eclogites, suggesting oxidation during retrograde metamorphism and fluid infiltration. The studied eclogites (five samples) display limited mid‐ocean ridge basalts (MORB)‐like (~0.10‰) δ⁵⁶Fe values, which are indistinguishable from their protoliths, that is, gabbro cumulates formed through differentiation of mantle‐derived basaltic magma. This suggests that Fe isotope fractionation during continental subduction is limited. Garnet separates display limited δ⁵⁶Fe variation ranging from ?0.08 ± 0.07 ‰ to 0.02 ± 0.07‰, whereas coexisting omphacite displays a large variation of δ⁵⁶Fe values from 0.15 ± 0.07‰ to 0.47 ± 0.07‰. Omphacite also has highly variable Fe³⁺/ΣFe ratios from 0.367 ± 0.025 to 0.598 ± 0.024, indicating modification after peak metamorphism. Omphacite from retrograde eclogites has elevated Fe³⁺/ΣFe ratios (0.54–0.60) compared to that from fresh eclogites (~0.37), whereas garnet displays a narrow range of ferric iron content with Fe³⁺/ΣFe ratios from 0.039 ± 0.013 to 0.065 ± 0.022. The homogenous δ⁵⁶Fe values and Fe³⁺/ΣFe ratios of garnet suggest that it survived the retrograde metamorphism and preserved its Fe‐isotopic features and ferric contents of peak metamorphism. Because of similar diffusion rates of Fe and Mg in garnet and omphacite, and constant Δ²⁶Mg_{omphacite‐garnet} values (1.14 ± 0.04‰), equilibrium iron isotope fractionation between garnet and omphacite was probably achieved during peak metamorphism. Elevated Fe³⁺/ΣFe ratios of omphacite from retrograde eclogites and variant Δ⁵⁶Fe_{omphacite‐garnet} values of the studied eclogites (0.13 ± 0.10‰ to 0.48 ± 0.10‰) indicate that oxidized geofluid infiltration resulted in the elevation of δ⁵⁶Fe values of omphacite during retrograde metamorphism.  相似文献   

Stability relations of Mn–Fe–Al piemontite     

MARY KESKINEN  J.G. LIOU 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1987,5(4):495-507

Abstract Comparison of the stability relations of Fe-piemontite, Pm₁₇Ps₁₇Cz₆₆ (Ca₂Al₂Mn_0.5 Fe_0.5Si₃O₁₂(OH)), with similar experimentally determined results on Pm₃₃Cz₆₇ suggests that, at moderate f_o2, addition of Fe to piemontite raises its thermal stability and slightly decreases its sensitivity to oxygen fugacity. Reversal study of the reaction: Fe-piemontite + quartz = garnet (Gr₃₃Sp₂₇And₄₀) + anorthite + fluid at P_fluid= 2 kbar in cold-seal apparatus using solid oxygen buffers was completed. The data indicated breakdown of Pm₁₇Ps₁₇Cz₆₆ at 645°± 10° C along the Cu₂O–CuO buffer, 477°± 10° C along the Cu–Cu₂O buffer, and 365°± 10° C for the hematite-magnetite buffer. Mn-free clinozoisite and epidote have been shown to be stable to much higher temperatures than piemontite at moderate f_o2 (< Cu–Cu₂O). At very high f_o2, however, the presence of Mn⁺³ in a distorted octahedral site may permit persistence of piemontite to higher temperatures than Mn-poor epidote minerals. The compositional range of natural Fe–Mn–Al piemontites supports these results. Cation partitioning from piemontite-bearing parageneses also indicates crystallization at high f_o2, but application of the cited results should be made with caution. Synthetic phases were too fine-grained for optical or microprobe analysis, and reaction was often incomplete. The assumption that all Fe + Mn was contained in piemontite and garnet, respectively, in the low- and high-temperature assemblages is supported by the cell dimensions for these synthetic minerals, which are close to predicted values. The reaction is pseudo-univariant, as solid solution in garnet and piemontite would be f_o2-dependent in a more complex chemical system. Although bulk rock and fluid compositions may also have a marked effect on the stability of natural epidote–piemontite, f_o2 is the major control on Fe : Mn : Al in epidote minerals.  相似文献   

Influence of oxygen fugacity on mineral compositions in peralkaline melts: The Katzenbuckel volcano, Southwest Germany     

Ute Mann  Michael Marks  Gregor Markl   《Lithos》2006,91(1-4):262-285

The igneous rocks of the Katzenbuckel, Southwest Germany, represent a unique and unusual alkaline to peralkaline association within the European Volcanic Province. The magmatic activity can be subdivided into two main phases. Phase I comprises the main rock bodies of phonolite and nepheline syenite, which were later intruded by different peralkaline dyke rocks (tinguaites and alkali feldspar syenite dykes) of phase II. The dyke assemblage was accompanied by magnetite and apatite veins and was followed by a late-stage pneumatolytic activity causing autometasomatic alterations.

As is typical for alkaline to peralkaline igneous rocks, early mafic minerals of phase I rocks comprise olivine, augite and Fe–Ti oxides, which are substituted in the course of fractionation by Na-amphibole and Na-pyroxene. For the early magmatic stage, calculated temperatures range between 880 and 780 °C with low silica activities (0.4 to 0.6) but high relative oxygen fugacities between 0.5 and 1.9 log units above the FMQ buffer. Even higher oxygen fugacities (above the HM buffer) are indicated for the autometasomatic alteration, which occurred at temperatures between 585 and 780 °C and resulted in the formation of pseudobrookite and hematite.

The unusually high oxygen fugacities (even during the early magmatic stage) are recorded by the major element compositions of the mafic minerals (forsterite content in olivine between 68 and 78 mol%, up to 6.2 wt.% ZrO₂ and 8.5 wt.% TiO₂ in clinopyroxene), the unusual mineral assemblages (pseudobrookite, freudenbergite) and by the enrichment of Fe³⁺ in the felsic minerals (up to 2.8 wt.% Fe₂O₃ in alkali feldspar and up to 2.6 wt.% Fe₂O₃ in nepheline). These observations point to a metasomatically enriched and highly oxidized lithospheric mantle as a major source for the Katzenbuckel melts.  相似文献   

P–T–f_O2 controls on a partly inverse chromite-bearing ultramafic intrusive: an evaluation from the Sukinda Massif, India     

Tapan Pal  Sachinath Mitra 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2004,22(5):483

The chromites from the alpine type ultramafic intrusive of Sukinda, India, display a typical partly inverse spinel form and occur in two distinct zones: Brown Ore Zone (BOZ) and Grey Ore Zone (GOZ). The host ultramafites are mostly altered and are represented by the serpentinite, tremolite-talc(chlorite) schist, talc-serpentine schist and chlorite rock. The less altered variants are dunite, harzburgite and websterite. A dyke of orthopyroxenite runs through the main ultramafic body.The composition of olivine (Fo₉₂), orthopyroxene (En_92–89) and Al₂O₃ contents of the parental liquid (10.40–11.45%) determined from chromites, suggest that the parent melt is of boninitic affinity. The chemical plot of TiO₂ content against cr# of chromites corroborates a boninitic parental melt. The Fe–Mg partitioning in olivine and chromite depicts the temperature for chromitites as 1200 °C. A compositional plot of mg# and cr# suggests crystallization at high pressure conditions, corresponding to the kimberlite xenolith field. From the P–T diagram of pyrolite melting and mineral assemblage, the pressure of crystallization is stipulated to be ≥1.2 GPa. The f_O2 values estimated from Fe³⁺/Cr+Al+Fe³⁺ ratios range from 10^−8.3 to 10^−9.3 for the GOZ and 10^−7.1 to 10^−7.3 for the BOZ. The f_O2 values together with the pressure range suggest crystallization at upper mantle conditions. The heterogeneity in chemical composition and f_O2 conditions for the GOZ and BOZ could be linked to heterogeneity in the upper mantle.  相似文献   

Iron-Titanium Oxide Geothermometry and Petrogenesis of Lava Flows and Dykes from Mandla Lobe of the Eastern Deccan Volcanic Province, India     

Mansoor Ahmad  J.P. Shrivastava   《Gondwana Research》2004,7(2):563

Compositional studies on different forms of magnetite, ulvospinel, ilmenite and hematite mineral phases occurring in 37 lava flows and 6 dykes of the Mandla lobe are presented in this paper. Ilmenite (0001) in equilibrium with titanomanetite show high values of temperature of equilibration, ranging from 1172–974°C, for high alumina quartz normative tholeiitic lava flows of Chemical Type - A; 1129–1229°C for low alumina quartz normative tholeiitic lava flows of Chemical Type - B; 1283–1124°C for tholeiitic lava flows of Chemical Type - F and 1243°C and 99O°C for two diopside olivine normative tholeiite flows of Chemical Type D. High olivine normative flows of Chemical Type - G and H show 1095°C and 1092°C respectively. Whereas, high hypersthene normative tholeiite flow of Chemical me C shows temperature of 1187°C. Data plots disposition over iron-titanium oxide equilibration temperature vs – logfo₂, diagram for Mandla lava flows and other parts of the Deccan (Igatpuri, Mahabaleshwer, Nagpur and Sagar areas) revealed that tholeiitic (evolved) basalt of the eastern Deccan volcanic province formed at high temperatures whereas, picritic (primitive) lavas of Igatpuri and tholeiitic basalt of Mahabaleshwar areas were formed at low temperatures. Mahabaleshwer basalts follow FMQ (fayalite-magnetite-quartz) buffer curve but, plots of the Mandla basalts lie above this curve indicating higher temperatures of crystallisation of ilmenite-titanomagnetite than that of the lava flows from other parts of Deccan 'Raps. The eastern Deccan Traps are most evolved types of lava as characterised by its low Mg-number and Ni content whereas, Igatpuri lava flows are picritic (primitive), having high Mg-number and Ni contents. Temperature vs FeO + Fe₂O₃ / FeO + Fe₂O₃ + MgO ratio data plots for Mandla and other Deccan lava flows and liquidus data for Hawaiian tholeiites, indicated that Igatpuri basalts lie parallel to the liquidus line of Hawaiian tholeiite but at lower temperatures. Large data plots of Mandla lava flows lie along the liquidus line of the Hawaiian lava. The highly vesicular nature of compound lava flows having large amount of volatile is responsible for low temperature values whereas, lava flows represented by high temperatures show high modal values of glass and opaque minerals.  相似文献