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Agostino Tomasello Germana Di Maida Sebastiano Calvo Maria Pirrotta Marco Borra & Gabriele Procaccini 《Marine Ecology》2009,30(3):288-300
Atoll‐like structures of the endemic Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica were encountered in the innermost area of the Stagnone di Marsala, a semi‐enclosed coastal lagoon along the western coasts of Sicily. The area is characterized by limited water exchange with the open sea and by a marked seasonal variation of water salinity and temperature, reaching beyond the theoretical tolerance limits of the species. In the present study we determined the genetic composition of the atoll‐like structures, as well as the growth performance and flowering rate of these stands. We also assessed whether and to what extent the atoll‐like structures are genetically isolated from plants growing in meadows outside the lagoon. For this purpose we utilized 13 microsatellite markers to genotype single shoots sampled inside and outside the lagoon. Lepidochronological analyses were performed on the same shoots to determine the annual rhizome growth rate, the number of leaves and the inflorescences formed as an estimate of growth‐ and reproductive performance over the years. The innermost area of the lagoon showed a lower number of alleles, a lower percentage of polymorphic loci, a lower clonal diversity, but higher heterozygosis excess with respect to the other areas analysed. Spatial autocorrelation was here significant, up to slightly below 300 m. Shoots collected in the atolls exhibited a 25% lower vertical growth rate and 16% lower leaf formation in comparison to those in open‐sea meadows. No flowering events were recorded during 24 years of investigation, whereas inflorescences were observed frequently in meadows outside the lagoon. Results from Fst and factorial correspondence analysis confirmed the expected genetic isolation of the confined atolls with respect to the meadows outside the lagoon and revealed limited gene flow within the lagoon itself. Apparently, the enclosed system of the Stagnone lagoon is genetically isolated, with a possible selection of genotypes adapted to persistent stressful conditions, consistent with reduced growth and lack of flowering events. 相似文献
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Brackish water ecosystems are often exposed to wide variations in environmental variables, including temperature and salinity, which may cause strong selective pressures on organisms modifying the genetic patterns of species. The aim of this work was to test whether there is a ‘divergence-with-gene flow’ in coastal lagoon populations of white seabream (Diplodus sargus) (Ria Formosa, S Portugal and Mar Menor, SE Spain) respect to four marine populations, by using partial sequences of cyt b mitochondrial gene and information from nine microsatellite loci. Genetic diversity was highest in both coastal lagoons (Mar Menor and Ria Formosa) considering mitochondrial and nuclear markers. Although some of FST population pairwise comparisons were not significant, analyses of molecular variance (AMOVAs) detected differences between groups (coastal lagoon and marine) close to significance. Also, only two haplotypes (Cytb-17 and Cytb-18) were detected in both coastal lagoon sampling sites and these localities (Mar Menor and Ria Formosa) showed the highest number of singletons, some of them with a high number of mutations, as has been already described for other Mar Menor populations (Pomatochistus marmoratus and Holothuria polii). Also, several tests detected significant positive and balancing selection considering mtDNA and microsatellite data. These data support the hypothesis of selection as one of the drivers of the genetic differences found between coastal lagoon and marine populations. The life strategy adopted by Diplodus sargus in coastal lagoons allows it to decrease its mortality rate and improve the heritability of its genes. Also, the increase time spent in coastal lagoons with different temperatures and salinities favours the fitness selection and the maintenance of exclusive haplotypes and genotypes in coastal lagoon inhabitants favouring the ‘divergence-with-gene-flow’. 相似文献
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嵊泗列岛海域三种贻贝贝体框架性状对壳重的影响效应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以嵊泗列岛海域2+龄厚壳贻贝同生群养殖个体、同域生长的1+龄紫贻贝同生群养殖个体以及混于厚壳贻贝和紫贻贝养殖筏架中的"杂交贻贝"为实验对象,以壳宽SW、壳长SL、壳高SH(BD)、OA(壳顶至韧带末端的直线距离)、OB(壳顶至壳背面最高点的直线距离)、OC(壳顶至壳后端最远点的直线距离)、OD(壳顶至壳高性状在腹缘的落点的直线距离)、AB(韧带末端至壳背缘最高点的直线距离)、BC(壳背缘最高点至壳后端最远点的直线距离)、CD(壳后端最远点至壳高性状在腹缘的落点的直线距离)为贝体框架变量,采用多元分析方法系统比较了三者贝体框架性状对壳重的影响效应。结果表明:(1)3种实验贝壳重的变异系数均大于各贝体框架性状,"杂交贻贝"各测定性状的变异系数均为最大,而厚壳贻贝和紫贻贝间则均接近;(2)3种实验贝各贝体框架性状与壳重的相关系数均达到极显著水平(P0.01),三者中仅"杂交贻贝"各贝体框架性状间的相关系数也均达到极显著水平(P0.01);(3)经通径分析,厚壳贻贝被保留的3个贝体框架性状与壳重的复相关指数为0.868,它们对壳重的直接作用呈OCSHSW,紫贻贝被保留的2个贝体框架性状与壳重的复相关指数为0.700,它们对壳重的直接作用呈OCSW,"杂交贻贝"被保留的3个贝体框架性状与壳重的复相关指数为0.931,它们对壳重的直接作用呈SLSHOA;(4)经多元回归分析,得到了用于估算厚壳贻贝、紫贻贝和"杂交贻贝"壳重的回归方程。 相似文献
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Genetic diversity and differentiation of the oyster Crassostrea plicatula populations from China’s coast were studied based on seven microsatellite loci. All loci showed high polymorphism for all
five C. plicatula populations, with an average number of allele per locus of 19.3–27.9 and an average expected heterozygosity of 0.889–0.952.
Significant departures from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and deficits of heterozygotes were observed over most populations at
each locus, which were fully explained by null alleles. Microsatellite analysis revealed significant subdivision in the C. plicatula populations. According to the neighbor-joining tree constructed on the basis of the D
A distance, the five populations fell into three regional groups, showing a relatively homogeneous genetic structure in geographically
close populations. Assignation tests correctly assigned high percentages of individuals to their original populations and
groups, and also confirmed the existence of genetic differentiation among C. plicatula populations. The results obtained in this study will facilitate the formulation of appropriate fisheries management programs,
stock identification and conservation of biodiversity for the species. 相似文献
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HU Jingjie WANG Xiaolong HU Xiaoli BAO Zhenmin 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2006,5(1):12-20
Common carp expressed sequence tags （ESTs） were analyzed for the existence of microsatellites, or simple sequence repeats （SSRs）. In the NCBI dbEST database, a total of 10612 sequences were registered before December 31, 2004. A complete search of 2-6 nucleotide microsatellites resulted in the identification of 513 SSR-containing ESTs, accounting for 4.8% of the total. Cluster analysis indicated that 73 sequences of SSR-containing ESTs fell into 27 groups and the remaining 440 ESTs were independent. A total of 467 unique SSR-containing ESTs were identified. These EST-SSRs contained a vari- ety of simple sequence types, and di- and tri-nucleotide repeats were the most abundant, accounting for 42.1% and 27.9% of the whole, respectively. Of the dinucleotide repeats, CA/TG was the most abundant, followed by GA/TC. BLASTx search showed that 38.1% of the SSR loci could be associated with genes or proteins of known or unknown function. BLASTx searches of SSR-containing ESTs also showed high frequencies （98/179） of hits on zebrafish sequences. 相似文献
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JD Klein AE Bester-van der Merwe ML Dicken A Emami-Khoyi KL Mmonwa 《African Journal of Marine Science》2019,41(1):115-118
Genomic data can be a useful tool in the management and conservation of biodiversity. Here, we report the development of genomic resources for the spotted ragged-tooth shark Carcharias taurus using genome-wide DNA data from Illumina next-generation sequencing. We explored two commonly used genetic marker types: microsatellites and mitochondrial DNA. A total of 4 394 putative microsatellites were identified, of which 10 were tested on 24 individuals and found to have ideal properties for population genetic analyses. Additionally, we reconstructed the first complete mitochondrial genome of a South African spotted ragged-tooth shark, and highlight the most informative gene regions to facilitate future primer design. The data reported here may serve as a resource for future studies and can ultimately be applied in the sustainable conservation and fisheries management of this apex predator. 相似文献
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缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)微卫星标记的分离及近缘物种通用性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用磁珠富集和PCR筛选相结合的方法,得到12对缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)的多态性微卫星引物。每个位点的观测等位基因数为2—15个,有效等位基因数为1.0339—8.8063个;观测杂合度(Ho)为0.0333—1.0000,平均观测杂合度为0.7525;期望杂合度(He)为0.0333—0.9020,平均期望杂合度为0.6866;多态信息含量(PIC)为0.0320—0.8680。所有位点中,有8个位点属于高度多态位点(PIC0.5),SC1-5和SC4-6属于低度多态位点(PIC0.25);经Bonferroni校正后,无显著偏离哈迪-温伯格平衡的位点;连锁不平衡检验结果表明,位点间不存在连锁不平衡现象。此外,分析了这些引物在近缘种长竹蛏(Solen strictus)、大竹蛏(Solen grandis)和小刀蛏(Cultellus attenuatus)的通用性情况,结果显示:长竹蛏中,位点SC1-4、SC2-8、SC3-1、SC3-14表现出了高度多态(PIC0.5);在大竹蛏中,位点SC3-4、SC3-7、SC4-6表现出了高度多态性(PIC0.5),SC2-9为低态位点(PIC0.25);在小刀蛏中,位点SC1-7、SC2-9、SC3-4、SC3-14表现出了高度多态性(PIC0.5),SC4-6为低态位点(PIC0.25)。 相似文献