TEM法在寻找煤矿突水巷道中的应用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

马瑞花  龚惠民 《中国煤田地质》2003,15(3):49-50

在地质勘探中,TEM法体积效应影响小,探测深度大,对低阻反映灵敏,因此,其作为一种物探手段,已被广泛应用于地球物理勘探的各个领域。TEM法在煤矿突水巷道勘探中,曲线形态为高电位单峰异常,这个特征用于煤矿充水巷道探测准确度高,效果明显。  相似文献   

华山新生代隆升-剥蚀历史的裂变径迹热年代学分析   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

吴中海  吴珍汉  万景林  周春景 《地质科技情报》2003,22(3):27-32

综合分析前人的热年代学数据发现华山地区自晚白垩世以来至少经历了三次快速隆升阶段，在120—57Ma间华山经历了缓慢隆升过程，约57Ma以来华山开始相对渭河地堑的快速隆升。其中，57—42Ma间、32—22Ma间和约8Ma以来均为相对快速隆升阶段，视隆升速度约为0．18～0．23mm／a；而42—32Ma问和22～8Ma间则为相对缓慢隆升过程，视隆升速度约为0．01mm／a。约57Ma以来华山的隆升—剥蚀量约为8．5km，平均隆升速度约为0．15mm／a；约32Ma以来的总隆升幅度约为4．5～5．1km，平均视隆升速度约为0．14～0．16mm／a。晚中生代以来华山的隆升过程实际上反映的是东秦岭的隆升过程，与区域地貌结构和周缘断陷盆地的演化过程有密切的成因联系，它表明东秦岭地区的三级等高峰顶面是120—57Ma、42—32Ma和22～8Ma间山脉缓慢隆升—剥蚀的结果，同时反映57—55Ma是渭河盆地开始快速裂陷和秦岭北麓正断层开始强烈活动的时间。  相似文献   

Digital model of corrected accumulated flow for peak discharge data acquisition and drainage system design     

F. J. Fern  ndez  R. Men  ndez-Duarte  R. Vald  s-Riera 《Engineering Geology》2003,69(3-4):345-358

The design of a drainage system for a roofing slate quarry was implemented by the enhancement of discharge peak estimation, and the uncertainty inevitably associated with the engineering model was reduced.

The development of a topographical, geological, and vegetation cover database developed from a Geographical Information System (GIS) allowed for the definition of the drainage network for a hydraulic system, along with the calculation of the runoff coefficient. This is applied to the digital model of accumulated flow (DMF) as a weight correction coefficient, using a matrix-based model at 5×5 m resolution. The new digital model of corrected accumulated flow (DMCF) is the result of combining the thematic maps with the map of slope <3%, which was previously created from the slope model. It is demonstrated that this new model allows to apply the “Rational Method” on cartographic units defined by the GIS.

The DMCF is compared with other traditional applications of the Rational Method based on the calculation of the discharge peak considering: (1) the drainage basin as a single watershed or (2) defining an average runoff coefficient in each sub-watershed. Both approaches have bigger discharge peaks than those obtained by the DMCF since the slope, lithology, and vegetation cover have average values, and the runoff coefficient is poorly defined, increasing the uncertainty in the discharge peak.  相似文献   

淮河洪峰与致洪暴雨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李国杰  张业雯  徐东明  马红  周晓林 《大气科学》1997,21(1):111-117

本文从气象与水文角度， 首先研究淮河关键地段（王家坝）水位变化规律和洪峰出现的特征， 并从数理统计理论上对超定量出现次数和洪峰数值进行了随机变量的独立性检验， 然后求出淮河洪峰遵从的概率分布， 并定性和定量地给出超定量大小与超定量历时关系。最后， 结合多年气象资料分析， 指出洪峰出现与淮河致洪暴雨有密切关系。  相似文献   

运用X射线衍射和多重峰分离程序解析高岭石的结构缺陷   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

姚林波  高振敏 《矿物学报》1996,16(2):132-140

本文尝试运用Ｘ射线衍射与多重峰分离方法研究高岭石的结构缺陷，重新评价了Ｈｉｎｃｋｌｅｙ（１９６３）结晶指数（ＨＩ），运用０２，１１区域对（１１１）和（１１１）峰的分峰结果，定义了新的结晶度指数：ＣＩ＝（Ｉ１１１＋Ｉ１１１）／Ｉ１１０，它完全以衍射峰的强度进行计算，较灵敏地反映出高岭石真实的结构信息，探讨了高岭石结晶度与高峰石对称性，有序度以及与高岭石Ｐｂ／３滑移缺陷的关系，结果证明高岭石结晶度越高  相似文献   

Metamorphism and metamorphic K–Ar ages of the Mesozoic accretionary complex in Northland, New Zealand     

Yujiro  Nishimura  Philippa M.  Black  Tetsumaru  Itaya 《Island Arc》2004,13(3):416-431

Abstract A southwest dipping Mesozoic accretionary complex, which consists of tectonically imbricated turbiditic mudstone and sandstone, hemipelagic siliceous mudstone, and bedded cherts and basaltic rocks of pelagic origin, is exposed in northern North Island, New Zealand. Interpillow limestone is sometimes contained in the basaltic rocks. The grade of subduction‐related metamorphism increases from northeast to southwest, indicating an inverted metamorphic gradient dip. Three metamorphic facies are recognized largely on the basis of mineral parageneses in sedimentary and basaltic rocks: zeolite, prehnite‐pumpellyite and pumpellyite‐actinolite. From the apparent interplanar spacing d₀₀₂ data for carbonaceous material, which range from 3.642 to 3.564 Å, the highest grade of metamorphism is considered to have attained only the lowermost grade of the pumpellyite‐actinolite facies for which the highest temperature may be approximately 300°C. Metamorphic white mica K–Ar ages are reported for magnetic separates and <2 µm hydraulic elutriation separates from 27 pelitic and semipelitic samples. The age data obtained from elutriation separates are approximately 8 m.y. younger, on average, than those from magnetic separates. The age difference is attributed to the possible admixture of nonequilibrated detrital white mica in the magnetic separates, and the age of the elutriation separates is considered to be the age of metamorphism. If the concept, based on fossil evidence, of the subdivision of the Northland accretionary complex into north and south units is accepted, then the peak age of metamorphism in the north unit is likely to be 180–130 Ma; that is, earliest Middle Jurassic to early Early Cretaceous, whereas that in the south unit is 150–130 Ma; that is, late Late Jurassic to early Early Cretaceous. The age cluster for the north unit correlates with that of the Chrystalls Beach–Taieri Mouth section (uncertain terrane), while the age cluster for the south unit is older than that of the Younger Torlesse Subterrane in the Wellington area, and may be comparable with that of the Nelson and Marlborough areas (Caples and Waipapa terranes).  相似文献   

Estimating the seismic displacement of friction pendulum isolators based on non‐linear response history analysis     

Keri L. Ryan  Anil K. Chopra 《地震工程与结构动力学》2004,33(3):359-373

A procedure for developing equations that estimate the isolator displacement due to strong ground motion is applied to buildings isolated with the friction pendulum system. The resulting design equations, based on rigorous non‐linear analysis, offer an alternative to the iterative equivalent‐linear methods used by current U.S. building codes. The governing equations of the system are reduced to a form such that the median normalized displacement of the system due to an ensemble of ground motions is found to depend on only the isolation period—a function of the curvature of the isolator—and the friction force at incipient slip normalized by peak ground velocity. The normalization is effective in minimizing the dispersion of the normalized displacement for an ensemble of ground motions, implying that the median normalized displacement is a reliable estimate of response. The design equations reflect the significant (20 to 38%) increase in displacement when the excitation includes two lateral components of ground motion instead of just one component. Equivalent‐linear methods are shown to underestimate by up to 30% the exact median displacement determined by non‐linear response history analysis for one component of ground motion, and building codes include at most a 4.4% increase for a second component. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

2003年淮河流域大洪水的雨情、水情特征分析   总被引：17，自引：3，他引：17       下载免费PDF全文

毕宝贵矫梅燕  廖要明徐晶 《应用气象学报》2004,15(6):681-687

利用地面加密资料，分析了2003年淮河流域6~7月降水的时空分布和气候统计特征以及降水雨情、水情特征，并与历史同期进行了比较。结果表明:2003年淮河流域梅雨期经历了7次强降水过程，降水总量和洪水流量都超过1991年同期，但低于1954年梅雨期；2003年淮河流域降水的突出特点是:雨带稳定、暴雨集中和突发性强；水情特点是:洪峰逐次递减；造成淮河流域全线超警戒水位的重要原因是:2003年春季降水偏多、7月份副热带高压位置偏南以及淮河中游下段河床剖面倒比降。  相似文献   

大别山太湖地区榴辉岩峰期变质条件与构造意义   总被引：3，自引：6，他引：3  

石永红  王清晨 《岩石学报》2004,20(3):609-620

大别山太湖地区曾被作为“冷”、“热”榴辉岩带的交界处所在，我们对大别山太湖地区的进行了1：10000地质填图，并详细研究了该地区榴辉岩的岩相学和矿物成分变化，以及KD值、峰期变质P-T条件。研究表明榴辉岩自南向北可分为三类：①朱家冲型榴辉岩；②大坝型榴辉岩；③金河桥型榴辉岩。其中朱家冲型榴辉岩和金河桥型榴辉岩显示出明显的温度、压力差异，它们形成的P-T条件分别为：P=2．14GPa、T=563℃和P=3．76GPa、T=791℃。大坝型榴辉岩的峰期变质P-T条件差别较大，在柯石英-石英相变线附近徘徊，变质环境相当于高压一超高压过渡环境。朱家冲型榴辉岩与大坝型榴辉岩分别对应于前人所划分的“冷”、“热”榴辉岩，并且两者在峰期，变质温、压条件上是连续变化的，没有明显的温、压间断。因此，我们认为本区所谓的“冷”、“热”榴辉岩带界线是不存在的。  相似文献   

某滑坡软弱夹层抗剪强度取值方法的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王义军  李天斌  王宝国 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2004,15(4):25-29

文章主要针对软弱夹层抗剪强度取值所存在的争议，通过对贵州新街子滑坡的软弱夹层分别选择比例极限、屈服极限及峰值作为剪应力值，采用最小二乘法获得比例抗剪强度、屈服抗剪强度和峰值抗剪强度。以参数选取中应用较为成熟的反分析方法推求力学性质参数c、φ值作为判据对以上3种参数进行比较。计算结果表明：本滑坡软弱夹层中由于含泥量较大，而且粘塑性较强，屈服抗剪强度和反分析得到的抗剪强度偏差最小，比例抗剪强度偏差最大，峰值抗剪强度居中。并以此3种抗剪强度进行天然状态下滑坡稳定性验算，结果表明选用比例极限抗剪强度与当前滑坡的地质现象不符，选用峰值极限抗剪强度安全储备较低，而选取屈服极限抗剪强度最为合理。用此参数进行设计，滑坡已经得到了良好的治理。在取值研究中认为采用试验与反分析相结合的方法确定滑坡稳定性计算参数是比较合理的。以上结论为滑坡中软弱夹层抗剪强度取值的选择提供了重要的依据。  相似文献