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11.
Radio frequency observations of cloud-to-ground lightning (CG) were made in 1999 in Guangdong Province with the broadband
lightning interferometer. In this paper, radiation source locations and electric field waveforms are analyzed for different
types of breakdown events, including the preliminary breakdown of in-cloud activities, the stepped leaders of initial strokes
to ground and activities during and following return strokes. It is shown that the structure and development of lightning
discharges and associated breakdown processes can be reconstructed by using this new type of lightning radiation source location
system. The detectable radiation of lightning was primarily produced by the negative breakdown process. The channel was concentrated
with few branches during the preliminary breakdown stage of CG lightning flashes. The radiation sources appeared generally
at the tip of the channel. During the late period of the stepped leader, the radiation sources were dispersed with branches
extended away from the main channel. The radiation sources were in a certain length segment of the channel and the altitude
of the segment descended along with the propagation of the leader to the ground. During the preliminary breakdown and the
stepped leader of initial strokes to the ground, a sequence of fast negative streamers were observed to start continually
from or farther away the lightning-initiated region and propagate along the developed leader channel, which may supply negative
charge that assisted the leader’s development. The progression speed of fast negative streamers was about ten times faster
than the average speed of lightning channel. 相似文献
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利用闪电宽带干涉仪系统对地闪先导-回击过程的观测研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
利用闪电宽带干涉仪系统1999年在广东的观测资料, 对地闪预击穿、梯级先导及回击过程进行分析研究, 结果表明: 这种新型的辐射源定位系统能够再现闪电通道结构和电磁辐射源随时间演变的二维图像(方位角和仰角). 闪电辐射主要由负击穿过程产生, 地闪预击穿阶段闪电通道比较集中, 几乎没有分杈, 辐射源主要出现在通道头部; 而梯级先导后期辐射源定位比较离散, 有较多的分叉通道, 辐射源出现在具有一定长度通道段内, 该通道段高度随着先导向地面的发展逐渐降低. 预击穿过程和梯级先导期间均有一些快速负流光过程连续地从闪电起始区域或更远的位置开始, 沿已形成的通道发展, 为闪电通道进一步向前发展补充电荷, 其速度比闪电通道发展的平均速度约快一个量级. 相似文献
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人工触发闪电电流测量及特性分析 总被引：2，自引：4，他引：2
通过对１９９３年７月２７日的人工触发闪电电流、跨步电压的直接测量结果的分析发现，在正电场下触发的慢型放电过程由连续电流和双极性的电流脉冲过程组成，其放电特性与雷暴的电特性有关。闪电电流量大值为１．２ｋＡ，持续时间为２５ｍｓ，中和电荷量为８．９Ｃ。跨步电压与电流的测量结果相一致，是一种间接测量电流的方法。 相似文献
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确定雷电定位系统场地误差的参数化方法 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
本文提出一种根据多站雷电定位资料确定闪电定位系统(LLS)场地误差的方法。该方法假定场地误差具有有限阶三角级数的形式,由雷电方位的多站实测资料,经Orville的本征值技术处理,将问题化为一个非线性无约束极值问题,从而可由对目标函数求极值点来确定场地误差。文中利用1988年夏天在北京地区由三个雷电方位探测器(DF)记录到的4900个实际雷电资料求得了各DF站的场地误差曲线。95％以上的闪电经误差订正后的方位与实测方位的残余偏差在±1°以内,与雷达回波的一致性也有了明显改进。 相似文献
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From analysis of observational data of thunderstorms in Gansu,China,it was deduced that the electricstructure of thunderclouds in this region is often positive charge in the upper,main negative in the middlelayer and another positive charge,large in magnitude and extensive in dimension,in the lower part.Intra-cloud discharges often take place between the main negative charge and lower positive charge instead of upper.Case analysis of 6 intracloud discharges in two storms on August 3 and 4,1986 shows that the centers of thesedischarges and the dipole moments destroyed were at the altitude of 3.8—6 km msl(7.6—-13.5℃)and 18—40 C km,respectively. 相似文献
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甘肃中川地区雷暴的地闪特征 总被引：22，自引：1，他引：21
利用在甘肃中川地区一次雷暴过程的５站电场变化同步观测资料,对１９９６年８月１２日的４次地闪过程分析发现甘肃中川地区负地闪回击所中和的负电荷离地高度为２．７４～５．４１ｋｍ（对应环境温度为－２．０～－１５．０℃）,而正地闪回击所中和的正电荷离地高度低于２．０ｋｍ（对应环境温度为±５．０℃）。正地闪放电过程较负地闪中和的电荷量要大７倍左右。在雷暴初期及活跃期前期,地闪回击发生之前有持续１７０～３００ｍｓ的云内放电过程,它发生在云下部正电荷区和主负电荷区。与雷达回波的对比发现,负地闪发生在雷暴大于２０ｄＢｚ的强回波区或４０ｄＢｚ强回波边缘而正地闪却发生在相对较弱的回波区域。 相似文献