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11.
国务院关于加强地质工作决定发布以来,中国煤炭地质勘查技术研究与找矿取得了重大成就,保障了国家对能源资源的需求。但当前符合科学绿色开发的煤炭产能比例仍然偏低,在开发条件较好、已经逐渐成为煤炭主力产区的西部地区,水资源破坏和地表生态损伤严重仍制约着西部煤炭资源的绿色开发。煤炭利用面临着大气污染控制、温室气体减排和生态环境保护的多重压力。煤炭地质科学研究仍然存在着8个方面的研究重点亟待提升。 相似文献
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黔西煤中氟与"燃煤型"地方性氟中毒的地球化学研究 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
孙玉壮 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2005,24(4):350-356
本文总结了贵州西部地方性氟中毒的地球化学研究过程,这个过程包括对病区饮用水、煤中氟的丰度、拌煤粘土的认识,经历了从高氟煤到低氟煤,从使用煤拌粘土是个例到普遍现象的认识历程。指出贵州西部晚二叠世煤中氟的含量低,低氟煤不是地方性氟中毒的氟源,真正的氟源是拌煤粘土;在贵州单纯由煤引起的地方性氟中毒是不存在的,至少迄今尚未得到证实。针对贵州地方性氟中毒的新认识,中国矿业大学（北京）开发出了廉价适宜的固（降）氟技术,该技术本着就地取材、易于操作的原则,选择了粘土岩作为煤燃烧的添加剂和制作蜂窝煤用的粘合剂、以灰岩为固氟剂,确定了煤、粘土和灰岩的最佳配比和粒度,固氟率可达65％以上。固（降）技术的大力推广应用,是预防地方性氟中毒的重要途径和措施。 相似文献
13.
Molecular biomarkers are the important maturity parameters for sedimentary organic matter.They have also been widely used for determining the maturity of organic matter in ore deposits. However,during the study of organic matter in the Kupferschiefer from the Lubin mine, it had been found that the biomarkers were influenced by sulfide formation. In order to probe into the degree of influence on biomarkers, seven samples collected from a Kupferschiefer section from the Lubin mine were analyzed by various geochemical methods. The results indicated that in the samples with higher copper contents, the values of biomarkers are lower than in the samples with lower copper contents. In highly mineralized samples, hydrogen donation for thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) occurred in alkylated phenanthrenes and naphthalenes, leading to the decrease of 12 biomarker parameters during the Kupferschiefer mineralization. 相似文献
14.
孙玉壮 《中国地球化学学报》2000,19(1):65-84
A study of the influences of the basin brines on hydrocarbon generation of the Kupferschiefer in southwestern Poland has been carried out.The samples from the Konrad and Polkowics mines were analyzed by orgainc geochemical,microscopic and FTIR methods.The results indicate that organic matter of Kupferschiefer tends to decrease with the ascending,oxidizing brines,In the Konrad profile,the Kupferschiefer was strongly oxidized.The extract yields were depleted up to 50mg Ext/g Corg.Gas chromatography(GC) and gas chromatography-mass spctrometry(GC/MS) data indicate that the depletion occureed predominantly in saturated hydrocarbon compounds.The identified n-alkanes in smpale KD1 were depleted at least to 5000μg/g Corg.The aromatic compounds show a fidderent trend of variation.The concentrations of phenanthrene alkylphenanthrenes(Ph-PAH) and naphthalene alkylnaphthalenes(Na-PAH) show a decrease,whereas sulfur polyaromatic hydrocarbons(S-PAH)and oxygen polyaromatic hydrocarbons(O-PAH) show an incrase under the influences of oxidizing brines,In the Polkowice profile,organic matter under the influences of oxidizing fluids shows a simlar trend of varation as in the Konrad mine.Analyses of polar compounds shed light on the oxidation processes at the molecule level.The dominant products of oxidation are aliphatic acid.alcohol and ester.FTIR results indicate that the oxidation of organic matter led to a decrease in aliphatic CH3 and an increase in C-O,C=O bands. 相似文献
15.
波兰Lubin矿区"含脉黑色页岩"的地球化学性质 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
欧洲二叠纪黑色页岩(Kupferchiefer)是世界著名的含铜页岩.人们对铜矿的富集有三种解释:开始人们把铜的富集看成一种化学沉积的结果.70年代以来,人们认为页岩沉积以后盆地内的卤水流动是造成铜矿富集的主要原因.80年代以来,Rentzsch和Jowett等根据铜矿沿深大断裂分布的特征,提出铜矿的富集与深部流体有关.铜元素随流体穿过下伏氧化红层上升至黑色页岩.化学条件的变化导致硫酸盐还原、金属硫化物的形成、铜矿的富集.裂隙是深部流体与盆地卤水的通道.被淋滤物和碎屑充填的裂隙被Jowett称为"含脉黑色页岩"(VeinletKupferschiefer).研究"含脉黑色页岩"的地球化学特征可以了解铜矿的成因和流体活动对有机物的影响,揭示水-岩一有机物之间的相互作用机理.本次研究的样品取自Lubin矿区一个钻井岩芯剖面.样品93967为这一剖面中的水平裂隙充填物.分析实验结果表明,样品93967中As,Co,Ni和Bi的含量比它们在相邻样品中的含量高几十倍,Mo的含量高出100多倍,达到28943×10-6.充分说明裂隙是金属元素迁移的通道.多环芳轻的含量差别同样很大,裂隙样品中萘类的含量比上下相邻样品中高出8～30倍,含氧化合物和联苯类也比相邻样品高出十几倍.萘类和联苯类含量高的原因可能是其分子量相对于三环以上的芳烃分子量小,易于迁移.含氧化合物可能来自下伏氧化红层. 相似文献