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11.
Algal biotechnology has advanced greatly in the past three decades. Many microalgae are now cultivated to produce bioactive substances. Odontella aurita is a marine diatom industrially cultured in outdoor open ponds and used for human nutrition. For the first time, we have systematically investigated the effects of culture conditions in cylindrical glass columns and fiat-plate photobioreactors, including nutrients （nitrogen, phosphorus, silicon, and sulfur）, light intensity and light path, on O. aurita cell growth and biochemical composition （protein, carbohydrate, β-1,3-glucan, lipids, and ash）. The optimal medium for photoautotrophic cultivation of O. aurita contained 17.65 mmol/L nitrogen, 1.09 mmol/L phosphorus, 0.42 mmol/L silicon, and 24.51 mmol/L sulfur, yielding a maximum biomass production of 6.1-6.8 g/L and 6.7-7.8 g/L under low and high light, respectively. Scale-up experiments were conducted with fiat-plate photobioreactors using different light-paths, indicating that a short light path was more suitable for biomass production of O. aurita. Analyses of biochemical composition showed that protein content decreased while carbohydrate （mainly composed of 15-1,3-glucan） increased remarkably to about 50% of dry weight during the entire culture period. The highest lipid content （19.7% of dry weight） was obtained under 0.11 mmol/L silicon and high light conditions at harvest time. Fatty acid profiles revealed that 80% were Cx4, C~6, and C20, while arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid （EPA） accounted for 1.6%-5.6% and 9%-20% of total fatty acids, respectively. High biomass production and characteristic biochemical composition profiles make O. aurita a promising microalga for the production ofbioactive components, such as EPA and D-1,3-glucan. 相似文献
12.
铜绿微囊藻(Microcystic aeruginosa var. major)胞外酸性多糖的分离、纯化及其理化特性 总被引：15，自引：5，他引：10
通过研究太湖湖鲚的年龄结构、食物组成,结合太湖鱼类渔获量统计和环境检测资料,分析了1973-2002年间太 湖湖鲚渔获量变化的规律、原因及与生物环境间的相互关系．结果表明：1994年后湖鲚渔获量正以平均年增1430t 的速度 上升;种群中0~ 个体占99．04±2．21%(2003年)、99．08±0．80%(2004年);而0~ 湖鲚主要以浮游动物为食,其中枝角 类占食物总个数的89．77．80±13．69%．分析发现：湖鲚渔获量与 TIN、TN、COD 间的正相关关系均达到显著水平;与翘嘴 红鲌、银鱼产量间的负相关关系达到极显著水平;种群低龄化趋势加剧与捕捞强度不断升高相一致;浮游动物现存量有随 湖鲚渔获量升高而降低的趋势． 相似文献
13.
利用添加0.5mg.L-1硒的人工海水(ASW)培养基培养紫球藻Porphyridium sp.UTEX 637,并采用试剂盒、氯化硝基四氮唑蓝(NBT)光化学还原反应法、紫外分光光度法、硫代巴比妥酸(TBA)分析法测定谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性及丙二醛(MDA)的含量,着重探讨硒对紫球藻抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛含量的影响。结果表明,硒明显促进紫球藻细胞的GSH-Px活性(p<0.05)。加硒处理组和未加硒对照组紫球藻的GSH-Px活性均在第15天达到最高;加硒组紫球藻的最大酶活性达到4.31个酶活力单位(U),为对照组的1.31倍。SOD和CAT的活性分别在第18天和15天达到最大值,但加硒组与对照组之间差异不显著(p>0.05),说明0.5mg.L-1硒对紫球藻的SOD和CAT活性影响不明显。加硒能明显降低藻细胞丙二醛的含量,加硒组藻细胞的丙二醛含量比对照组藻细胞的丙二醛含量降低了15.21%。 相似文献
14.
PHYSIOLOGICAL INHIBITORY EFFECT OF OCS IN ARACHIDONIC ACID-RICH PARIETOCHLORIS INCISA （TREBOUXIOPHYCEAE, CHLOROPHYTA） 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Parietochloris incisa is an arachidonic acid-rich snow green alga. The main physiological profiles, such as ash free dry weight (AFDW), chlorophyll, carotenoid, protein and total fatty acids (TFA), in this alga exposed to old culture supernatant (OCS) at the decline phase or its crude ethyl acetate extracts (CEAE) were investigated by using tubular photobioreactors of different diameters. Results showed that both OCS and CEAE had strong inhibitory effect on the above physiological parameters. The longer the culture was exposed to OCS and the more CEAE were added into the algal culture, the more the above physiological properties were inhibited. Arachidonic acid (AA), the dominant component of fatty acids in this alga, was also seriously inhibited with respect to total TFA, AFDW of cell mass, or culture volume, due to a prebable reduction of enzymes activities catalyzing chain elongation from C18:1ω9 to AA. These results incontestably evidenced that some CEAE dissolving substances existing in OCS, like auto-inhibitors, inhibited P. incisa growth through feedback. Hence, any efficient removal of auto-inhibitors from algal culture to decrease their bioactivity could be good for maximal production of desired products like AA. 相似文献
15.
极大螺旋藻胞内多糖IPSⅡA逆转化疗模型小鼠免疫功能的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了极大螺旋藻（Spirulina maxima）胞内多糖IPSⅡA对化疗模型小鼠免疫功能的影响。通过注射环磷酰胺构建化疗小鼠模型，再分别注射不同剂量（0．5、1、2μg/g）的IPSⅡA，14d后进行外周血白细胞计数、免疫器官称质量并且应用炭粒廓清法和溶血素测定法测定单核细胞吞噬功能和B淋巴细胞的体液免疫功能。结果发现IPSⅡA能显著改善环磷酰胺所致白细胞减少、胸脾指数降低，还能使单核细胞吞噬功能、B淋巴细胞的体液免疫功能得以恢复和提高，并且存在剂量累积效应。可见IPSⅡA能显著逆转化疗模型小鼠的免疫功能，具有成为癌症化疗辅助药物的潜能。 相似文献
16.
Accurate quantification of astaxanthin from Haematococcus crude extract spectrophotometrically 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
The influence of alkali on astaxanthin and the optimal working wave length for measurement of astaxanthin from Haematococcus crude extract were investigated, and a spectrophotometric method for precise quantification of the astaxanthin based on the method of Boussiba et al. was established. According to Boussiba's method, alkali treatment destroys chlorophyll. However, we found that: 1) carotenoid content declined for about 25% in Haematococcus fresh cysts and up to 30% in dry powder of Haematococcus broken cysts after alkali treatment; and 2) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-extracted chlorophyll of green Haematococcus bares little absorption at 520-550 nm. Interestingly, a good linear relationship existed between absorbance at 530 nm and astaxanthin content, while an unknown interference at 540-550 nm was detected in our study. Therefore, with 530 nm as working wavelength, the alkali treatment to destroy chlorophyll was not necessary and the influence of chlorophyll, other carotenoids, and the unknown interference could be avoided. The astaxanthin contents of two samples were measured at 492 nm and 530 nm; the measured values at 530 nm were 2.617 g/100 g and 1.811 g/100 g. When compared with the measured values at 492 nm, the measured values at 530 nm decreased by 6.93% and 11.96%, respectively. The measured values at 530 nm are closer to the true astaxanthin contents in the samples. The data show that 530 nm is the most suitable wave length for spectrophotometric determination to the astaxanthin in Haematococcus crude extract. 相似文献
17.
以Pinguiococcuspyrenoidosus CCMP 2004为实验藻种,研究分析了藻粉的基本生化组成和培养周期中PUFAs组成与含量的动态变化.结果表明,该藻的蛋白质量分数为37.54%,粗脂肪为27.45%,其中PUFAs包括18:2,18:3,18:4,20:4(AA,Arachidonic acid),20:5(EPA,Eicosapentaenoic acid),22:4(DTA,Docosatetraenoic acid)和22:6(DHA,Docosahexaenoic acid).该藻PUFAs的组成特征是EPA含量高,质量分数为20.93%,其他不饱和脂肪酸(16 : 3,16:4,18:3和18 : 4)的含量极微.分析结果显示粉核油球藻的营养价值较高,是一种新的具有商业化开发潜力的海洋微藻. 相似文献
18.
研究了极大螺旋藻(Spirulina maxima)胞内多糖对SMMC7721等肿瘤细胞系的生长及凋亡的影响。在体外培养条件下,用半抑制浓度(80,5 mg/L)的极大螺旋藻胞内多糖(IPSⅠ,IPSⅡ)处理肿瘤细胞,并用MTT,SRB,DNA ladder,AnnexinⅤ等方法测定。结果表明,IPSⅠ(80 mg/L)对SMMC7721,A549,HeLa,U251等肿瘤细胞系抑制率分别为64.97%、46.1%、43.3%、27.02%;IPSⅡ(5 mg/L)能诱导SMMC7721细胞凋亡。 相似文献