分层递阶近似空间下的GIS属性数据不确定性描述     

廖伟华 《测绘与空间地理信息》2011,34(2):65-66,69

GIS属性数据作为GIS实体的属性,具有模糊性、不确定性。由GIS实体对象和对象的属性组成的二元关系满足近似空间的特性。本研究从GIS信息系统的对象、属性出发,利用格概念,认为GIS属性数据集合可以构成偏序关系,并且(P(A),)构成一个完备的偏序格。如果从属性链的角度分析,GIS实体集在的细分划分空间关系下,可以构成分层递阶近似空间,并且随着属性个数的增加,知识颗粒将逐渐"细化"。  相似文献   

捏拢效应与P-Δ效应对地震延性需求和损伤指标的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

余波  刘陶钧  洪汉平 《地震工程与工程振动》2011,31(4):94-105

文中定量地分析了捏拢效应和P-Δ效应对非弹性单自由度体系的地震延性需求和Park-Ang地震损伤指标的概率统计特征的影响。采用Bouc-W en模型描述具有P-Δ效应、捏拢效应、强度退化、刚度退化等典型特性的恢复力-位移滞回曲线;根据非弹性单自由度体系在69条强震记录作用下的动力响应,定量地分析了捏拢效应和P-Δ效应对地震延性需求和Park-Ang地震损伤指标的均值和变异系数的影响,并建立了地震延性需求的概率预测模型。计算结果表明,捏拢效应和由重力引起的P-Δ效应对地震延性需求的影响较大,而由竖向地震激励引起的P-Δ效应对地震延性需求的影响很小;对于短周期体系,建议采用对数正态或Frechet分布来描述地震延性需求的概率分布;对于长周期体系,采用Frechet分布则更为合理。  相似文献   

我国农村房屋抗震与加固的研究及进展     

杨仕升  王永幸  谢开仲 《华南地震》2011,31(3):140-149

我国大多数破坏性地震都发生在农村,通过分析我国农村房屋建筑的主要结构形式、震害特征及其建造特点,发现缺乏设防意识、缺乏抗震技术和经济条件差是农房“小震致灾、大震大灾”的主要原因.通过对既有的结构抗震、鉴定、加固、隔震技术的综述,发现目前我国仍比较缺乏适合农村房屋的抗震及加固技术.最后对农村房屋抗震与加固方法提出建议,展...  相似文献   

位移反分析的粒子群优化-高斯过程协同优化方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

苏国韶  张克实  吕海波 《岩土力学》2011,32(2):510-515

针对采用随机全局优化技术进行岩土工程位移反分析存在数值计算量大、效率低的问题,将粒子群优化算法与高斯过程机器学习技术相结合,提出了位移反分析的粒子群优化-高斯过程协同优化方法。该方法利用全局寻优性能优异的粒子群优化算法进行寻优的基础上,采用高斯过程机器学习模型不断地总结历史经验,预测包含全局最优解的最有前景区域,通过提高粒子群搜索效率并降低适应度评价次数,进而有效地降低位移反分析过程中的数值计算工作量。多种测试函数的数学验证和工程算例的研究结果表明该方法是可行的,与传统方法相比较,可显著地降低位移反分析的计算耗时。  相似文献   

粉细砂的真三轴试验与强度特性   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

扈萍  黄茂松  马少坤  吕玺琳 《岩土力学》2011,32(2):465-470

采用柔性真三轴仪对上海粉细砂进行了一系列不同中主应力系数条件下的真三轴试验,针对中主应力对粉细砂强度特性的影响进行了系统分析。基于真三轴试验结果对Mohr-Coulomb强度准则的形状函数进行了改进,并采用试验结果对强度准则进行验证。结果表明,建立在真三轴试验基础上的强度准则能更准确地反映砂土三维应力状态下的强度特性。  相似文献   

Deviation of light curves of gamma-ray burst pulses from standard forms due to the curvature effect of spherical fireballs or uniform jets     

Y.-P. Qin  R.-J. Lu 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,362(3):1085-1098

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The masses of central supermassive black holes and the variability time-scales in gamma-ray loud blazars     

E. W. Liang  H. T. Liu 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2003,340(2):632-638

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The correlations between hardness ratios and fitting parameters in GRB spectrum     

En-Wei Liang  Guang-Zhong Xie  Xiao-Ge Rong 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2002,280(4):357-368

In this paper, besides general definition of hardness ratio of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), HR ₃₂, we also presented new definitions of hardness ratios, HR _hl and HR _ll, then presented the results of correlation studies, examining the association between the hardness ratios and the spectral fitting parameters (E ₀ or E _peak, α, β) by using the GRB data observed by BATSE. The HR _hl is defined as the fluence of channel 4 divided by the sum of the fluences of channels 1 to 3,and the HR _ll is defined as the fluence of channel 3 divided by the sum of the fluences of channel 1 and 2. We found that E ₀ and E _peak are correlated with hardness ratios, and β is only correlated with log (HR _hl). The α is not correlated with any hardness ratios in the total sample of GRBs, while it correlated with log (HR _ll) and log (HR ₃₂) in the two subsets seperated at log (HR _ll) = 0.34 ×α +0.66, respectively. These results show that a harder spectra tends to be steeper and has a higher E _peak or E ₀; HR _hl describes the spectral behaviors in high energy, while both of HR _ll and HR ₃₂ reflect the spectral characteristics in low energy; the spectral behaviors in low energy are different for the two subsets. We also presented a brief qualitative analysis discussion to the correlations and suggested that the correlations are caused by both of intrinsic and cosmological effects, but intrinsic effects are dominant. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Revisiting the characteristics of the spectral lags in short gamma-ray bursts     

Zhibin Zhang  G. Z. Xie  J. G. Deng  W. Jin 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2006,373(2):729-732

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A One-Dimensional Relativistic Shock Model for the Light Curve of Gamma-ray Bursts     

Cheng-Yue Su  Yi-Ping Qin  Jun-Hui Fan  Zhang-Yu Han National Astronomical Observatories/Yunnan Observatory  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Kunming  Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing Department of Physics  Guangdong University of Technology  Guangzhou Center for Astrophysics  Guangzhou University  Guangzhou Department of Mechanics  University of Science  Technology of China  Hefei 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2006,6(3):323-330

We investigate the forming of gamma-ray burst pulses with a simple one-dimensional relativistic shock model. The mechanism is that a "central engine" drives forward the nearby plasma inside the fireball to generate a series of pressure waves. We give a relativistic geometric recurrence formula that connects the time when the pressure waves are produced and the time when the corresponding shocks occurred. This relation enables us to relate the pulse magnitude with the observation time. Our analysis shows that the evolution of the pressure waves leads to a fast rise and an exponential decay pulses. In determining the width of the pulses, the acceleration time is more important than that of the deceleration.  相似文献