Characterization of slip zone associated with the 1999 Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake: X-ray CT image analyses and microstructural observations of the Taiwan Chelungpu fault     

Tetsuro Hirono  Masumi Sakaguchi  Kenshiro Otsuki  Hiroki Sone  Koichiro Fujimoto  Toshiaki Mishima  Weiren Lin  Wataru Tanikawa  Masaharu Tanimizu  Wonn Soh  En-Chao Yeh  Sheng-Rong Song 《Tectonophysics》2008,449(1-4):63-84

To characterize the fault-related rocks within the Chelungpu fault, we performed X-ray computed tomography (CT) image analyses and microstructural observations of Hole B core samples from the Taiwan Chelungpu-fault Drilling Project. We identified the slip zone associated with the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake, within the black gouge zone in the shallowest major fault zone, by comparison with previous reports. The slip zone was characterized by low CT number, cataclastic (or ultracataclastic) texture, and high possibility to have experienced a mechanically fluidized state. Taking these characteristics and previous reports of frictional heating in the slip zone into consideration, we suggested that thermal pressurization was the most likely dynamic weakening mechanism during the earthquake.  相似文献   

塔里木盆地南缘自然与人文历史变迁的耦合关系   总被引：29，自引：4，他引：25  

熊黑钢  钟巍  塔西甫拉提 《地理学报》2000,55(2):191-199

通过对里大盆地南缘自然与人文变迁的耦合关系研究,表明其自然生态环境演化、人文历史变迁是自然因素与人文力量综合作用的结果。若气候湿润、水量丰沛,则有利于绿洲经济、文化生产的迅速发展提高。反之,则环境恶化、沙漠化过程加快、绿洲废弃。早期自然环境因素的影响所占比重大,而后期人文力量起主导作用。自然条件决定了环境的特征及其演化的内在基础,人类活动是本地最活跃、最能动的因素。这在自然生态环境特别脆弱的地区表  相似文献   

Synthetic Fluid Inclusions in the Systems NaCl-H₂O and NaCl-CO₂-H₂O: Dissolution Temperatures of Halite     

Hiroki Nagaseki  Ken-ichiro Hayashi 《Resource Geology》2006,56(2):133-140

Abstract. This study examined the effect of CO₂ on NaCl solubility in hydrothermal fluid, with the synthetic fluid inclusion technique. Fluid inclusions of 30–40 wt% NaCl and 5 mol % CO₂ were synthesized, and their halite dissolution temperatures, T_m(halite), were measured. The solubilities of NaCl in CO₂-bearing aqueous fluid were obtained at 160–320C under vapor-saturated pressures. The T_m(halite) value in aqueous fluid with 5 mol % CO₂ obtained in this study agrees with that of Schmidt et al. (1995), showing that 5 mol % CO₂ reduces the solubility of NaCl by about 1 wt%.
Calculation of magnetite solubility suggests that 5–10 mol % CO2 decreases magnetite solubility by 4.5–8.9 % relative to the magnetite solubility in CO2-free solution. Therefore, an increase of CO2 content in ore-forming solutions may cause deposition of iron minerals and produce ore deposits.  相似文献   

Groundwater geochemistry of a nitrate-contaminated agricultural site   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hiroki Amano  Kei Nakagawa  Ronny Berndtsson 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(15):1145

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