Depth classification of underwater targets based on complex acoustic intensity of normal modes     

Guang?Yang  Jingwei?YinEmail author  Yun?Yu  Zhenhua?Shi 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2016,15(2):241-246

In order to solve the problem of depth classification of the underwater target in a very low frequency acoustic field, the active component of cross spectra of particle pressure and horizontal velocity (ACCSPPHV) is adopted to distinguish the surface vessel and the underwater target. According to the effective depth of a Pekeris waveguide, the placing depth forecasting equations of passive vertical double vector hydrophones are proposed. Numerical examples show that when the sum of depths of two hydrophones is the effective depth, the sign distribution of ACCSPPHV has nothing to do with horizontal distance; in addition, the sum of the first critical surface and the second critical surface is equal to the effective depth. By setting the first critical surface less than the difference between the effective water depth and the actual water depth, that is, the second critical surface is greater than the actual depth, the three positive and negative regions of the whole ocean volume are equivalent to two positive and negative regions and therefore the depth classification of the underwater target is obtained. Besides, when the 20 m water depth is taken as the first critical surface in the simulation of underwater targets (40 Hz, 50 Hz, and 60 Hz respectively), the effectiveness of the algorithm and the correctness of relevant conclusions are verified, and the analysis of the corresponding forecasting performance is conducted.  相似文献   

Tropical Atlantic climate response to different freshwater input in high latitudes with an ocean-only general circulation model     

Guang?Men  Xiuquan?WanEmail author  Zedong?Liu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2016,15(5):751-757

Tropical Atlantic climate change is relevant to the variation of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) through different physical processes. Previous coupled climate model simulation suggested a dipole-like SST structure cooling over the North Atlantic and warming over the South Tropical Atlantic in response to the slowdown of the AMOC. Using an ocean-only global ocean model here, an attempt was made to separate the total influence of various AMOC change scenarios into an oceanic-induced component and an atmospheric-induced component. In contrast with previous freshwater-hosing experiments with coupled climate models, the ocean-only modeling presented here shows a surface warming in the whole tropical Atlantic region and the oceanic-induced processes may play an important role in the SST change in the equatorial south Atlantic. Our result shows that the warming is partly governed by oceanic process through the mechanism of oceanic gateway change, which operates in the regime where freshwater forcing is strong, exceeding 0.3 Sv. Strong AMOC change is required for the gateway mechanism to work in our model because only when the AMOC is sufficiently weak, the North Brazil Undercurrent can flow equatorward, carrying warm and salty north Atlantic subtropical gyre water into the equatorial zone. This threshold is likely to be model-dependent. An improved understanding of these issues may have help with abrupt climate change prediction later.  相似文献   

Vulnerability of Kuwait coast to sea level rise     

Mohammad M. M. Alsahli  Ahmed M. AlHasem 《Geografisk tidskrift / udgivet af Bestyrelsen for Det Kongelige danske geografiske selskab》2016,116(1):56-70

Assessing coastal vulnerability to sea level rise (SLR) at local and regional scales is a fundamental step for designing successful long-term coastal management plans. This study was thus designed to assess Kuwait coastal vulnerability to SLR at four scenarios (.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 m). Potential inundated areas and the number of people at risk were estimated based on these SLR scenarios. A coastal vulnerability index (CVI) map of Kuwait was then computed based on the lowest scenario using eight parameters: elevation, coastal slope, geomorphology, distance to 20-m isobath, population, land use, cultural heritage and transportation. The geographic distribution of inundated areas at an SLR of .5 m revealed that the northern islands of Kuwait and coastal areas along Kuwait Bay would be highly impacted, whereas the coastal area near Shuaibah Port was the most influenced among the southern coasts. Most of the coastal area exhibited a moderate vulnerability to SLR, especially the northern islands. This study presented an initial vulnerability assessment for Kuwait coasts to SLR, which can be extended with more variables. The integrated remote sensing and geographic information system methodology demonstrated in this study can be applied in similar studies elsewhere.  相似文献   

Analysis of soil nail walls performance - Case study     

Emad Zolqadr  Seyed Shahaboddin Yasrobi  Mohammad Norouz Olyaei 《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2016,11(1):1-12

This study surveys the performance of temporary soil nail walls with a maximum height of 29.3 m in the Yas project, located in Tehran. Some numerical models, with various modelling approaches, were developed using finite element software and the proper modelling approaches were specified and verified.The modelling results were analysed and compared with the in situ monitored data. The results demonstrate the model’s horizontal deformations are generally greater than the in situ monitored values. To decrease the differences between models and monitored results, the effect of variations of the soil parameters had been surveyed and the limits of needed variations were specified.  相似文献   

Use of nanoscale zero-valent iron and nanoscale hydrated lime to improve geotechnical properties of gas oil contaminated clay: a comparative study     

Sayed Alireza Nasehi  Ali Uromeihy  Mohammad Reza Nikudel  Ali Morsali 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(9):733

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Developing water quality management policies for the Chitgar urban lake: application of fuzzy social choice and evidential reasoning methods     

Siamak Malakpour Estalaki  Reza Kerachian  Mohammad Reza Nikoo 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(5):404

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The North Tabriz Fault,a barrier to groundwater flow in an alluvial aquifer northwest of Tabriz,Iran     

Hossein Rajabpour  Abdorreza Vaezihir  Mohammad Hasanpour Sedghi 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(10):849

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Mechanisms of partly flooded loose sand deposits     

Gerd?GudehusEmail author 《Acta Geotechnica》2016,11(3):505-517

Partly flooded loose sand deposits are left back from lignite mining, particularly in east Germany. After flooding, gas inclusions in macropores enhance the pore pressure increase by total stress cycles without drainage, and this can cause the transition into a kind of suspension. Thus, natural and technical changes of surface loads triggered flow slides in chain reactions of sometimes catastrophic extent. Such collapsible deposits were and are stabilized by blast-induced liquefaction and densification. Successive collapse fronts in flooded grain skeletons are seismogeneous, and this appears as wavering in the near-field and leads to power-law spectra in the far-field. Apart from this evidence of mild fractality, the wild fractality of chain reactions eludes mathematical treatment. Therefore, uncommon methods of geotechnical design, operations and monitoring are required.  相似文献   

Assessing geo-mechanical and leaching behavior of cement–silica-fume-stabilized heavy metal-contaminated clayey soil     

Amir Reza Goodarzi  Mohammad Hossain Zandi 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(10):911

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Simulation of soil erosion under the influence of climate change scenarios   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mohammad Zare  Ali Akbar Nazari Samani  Majid Mohammady  Teimur Teimurian  Javad Bazrafshan 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(21):1405

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