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101.
The existing United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) has failed to deliver the rate of low-carbon technology transfer (TT) required to curb GHG emissions in developing countries. This failure has exposed the limitations of universalism and renewed interest in bilateral approaches to TT. Gaps are identified in the UNFCCC approach to climate change TT: missing links between international institutions and the national enabling environments that encourage private investment; a non-differentiated approach for (developing) country and technology characteristics; and a lack of clear measurements of the volume and effectiveness of TTs. Evidence from econometric literature and business experience on climate change TT is reviewed, so as to address the identified pitfalls of the UNFCCC process. Strengths and weaknesses of different methodological approaches are highlighted. International policy recommendations are offered aimed at improving the level of emission reductions achieved through TT. 相似文献
102.
陈刚 《广东海洋大学学报》1996,(2)
通过渐近体长(L∞),渐近体重(W∞)、生长系数(K)、初次性成熟年龄(Tm)、最大年龄(Tmax)、瞬时自然死亡率(M)和种群繁殖力(PF)等七个生态学参数的比较,研究19种淡水鱼类和15种近海鱼类的生态对策。根据r—选择和k—选择的典型特征以及各参数间相互关系的显著性,3种鲟鱼类属k—选择;牙鲆等5种近海鱼类偏向k—选择;青鱼、勒氏笛鲷等9种鱼类偏向r—选择;鲤、黄鲫等17种鱼类为r—选择。对r-k选择的资源特征及其对捕捞的反应做了分析,只有合理控制捕捞强度和起捕年龄,才能保护资源,获得较好的经济效益。 相似文献
103.
技术战略管理中的两种关键因素分析--技术进步趋势与技术预测 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
技术战略是关系到企业能否把握机遇,在竞争中取胜的关键。我们重点分析了技术进步趋势以及技术预测在技术战略管理中的重要地位;提出只有在深入了解技术进步的趋势以及做出准确技术预测的情况下,才能进行有效的技术战略管理。 相似文献
104.
Livelihood strategy change and land use change —Case of Danzam Village in upper Dadu River watershed, Tibetan Plateau of China 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Land use change in rural China since the 1980s, induced by institution reforms, urbanization, industrialization and population
increase, has received more attention. However, case studies on how institution reforms affect farmers’ livelihood strategies
and drive land use change are scarce. By means of cropland plots investigations and interviews with farmers, this study examines
livelihood strategy change and land use change in Danzam Village of Jinchuan County in the upper Dadu River watershed, eastern
Tibetan Plateau, China. The results show that, during the collective system period, as surplus labor forces could not be transferred
to the secondary and tertiary industries, they had to choose agricultural involution as their livelihood strategy, then the
farmers had to produce more grains by land reclamation, increasing multiple cropping index, improving input of labor, fertilizer,
pesticide and adopting advanced agricultural techniques. During the household responsibility system period, as labors being
transferred to the secondary and tertiary industries, farmers chose livelihood diversification strategy. Therefore, labor
input to grain planting was greatly reduced, which drove the transformation of grain to horticulture, vegetable or wasteland
and decrease of multiple cropping index. This study provides a new insight into understanding linkages among institution reforms,
livelihood strategy of smallholders and land use change in rural China.
Foundation item: Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40601006, 40471009), National Basic
Research Program of China (No. 2005CB422006) 相似文献
105.
陈国阶 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1997,7(2):106-114
I.DEVELOPMENTDIFFERENCESAMONGTHEEASTERN,CENTRAL~~AN~orchIc~ntdifferencesamongtheeastern,centralandwesternPatsofChinahavealready~aquestionattractingworld-wideattention.FormTable1,itcanbeseenthatInanyaspeCtS,suchasgrOSSeconondcoutput,grOSSdomeSticproducts(GDP)Percapita,totalforeigninvestment,totalinvestmentscale,etc.presentagradualdescendingtrendfromtheeaSternparttothewesternpin.Thefurtheranalysesshowthatthereisasbocontrastasfollows:intheeasternpart,theproPOrtionofsecon… 相似文献
106.
自然地理学创新发展与展望 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
自然地理学自中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所建立以来一直是立所的核心学科,长期以服务国家重大需求为使命,在综合自然地理、气候、地貌、水文、土壤地理、生物地理、化学地理等各学科领域取得一批重要科技成果和进展,奠定了自然地理各分支学科在国内外的优势,为国家科技创新、区域经济社会可持续发展做出了重要贡献。本文回顾了中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所自然地理学的创新发展历程,总结了自然地理学取得的学术成就与标志性进展,并展望了中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所自然地理学未来发展,提出以陆地表层要素—过程交互作用机制,陆地表层格局动态研究,陆地表层系统过程的综合集成与模拟,陆地表层系统有序人类活动的可持续范式和调控机制为核心的发展战略。 相似文献
107.
Xinxian Lu 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1992,2(3):256-265
The developed regions are faced with the problems of regional comprehensive development, and the research on regional comprehensive
development has become a trend in the world. To optimize regional industrial structure and to select and determine scientifically
the spatial development strategy of regional industries are the central themes to be solved for the research on regional comprehensive
development in the developed regions. This paper proposed the basis for optimizing regional industrial structure, and the
main factors of selecting and determining the regional leading industries. Based on this, the paper puts forward the leading
industries and the spatial development strategy in Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou area in the future ten or more years. Combined
with the situation of Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou area, the paper also discusses some problems of locating superior developing
axis to benefit the rational distribution of regional productive forces. 相似文献
108.
李兴弟 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1992,2(1):80-86
Nowadays in China, the coastal development strategy (CDS) aims to make the region (with population 160 million) ahead of developing export-oriented economy and to promote the inland economic prosperity at the same time.The paper analyzes the CDS based on the background of coastal area and the situation at home and abroad, and mainly discusses the relevant tactics in Shandong Province, China. 相似文献
109.
《The Professional geographer》1986,38(1):101-104
Geographic Software Reviewed in this article: THE DIFFUSION GAME . Christopher J. Lovelock and Charles B. Weinberg . MAPIT . Raymond J. Kalush , Jr . SIMODEL . Peter A. Williams and A. Stewart Fotheringham . WEATHER FRONTS . P. C. Moyer . WORLD DYNAMICS . Mark Lewis Baldwin 相似文献
110.
Over the past two decades development has been shifting its focus toward smaller scales and particular problems. As a result, the household has become an increasingly important institution for development, and has come under increased scrunity as development practitioners and scholars seek to better understand this institution’s functions and foundations, trying to ‘get the household right’. These efforts, rather than clarifying the character and the function of the household, have contributed to its indeterminacy by reifying the very institution they seek to analyse. Arguing that these efforts fundamentally miss the point of examining the household, this paper introduces a different framework of analysis that addresses the household not as a fixed object of research, but as a local construction that embodies flows of power and knowledge both within and transcending the local. Using the example of varying constructions of the household in two villages in Ghana’s Central Region, this article illustrates how such an approach allows us to address the various functions of the household as particular embodiments of these flows, an approach that better explains the endurance or ephemerality of these functions. Such an approach provides a stronger foundation for the consideration of how particular constructions of this institution may have troubling implications for issues like gender equity and sustainability. 相似文献