Remote sensing mapping of macroalgal farms by modifying thresholds in the classification tree     

Yuhan Zheng  Carlos M. Duarte  Jiang Chen  Dan Li  Zhaohan Lou 《国际地球制图》2019,34(10):1098-1108

Remote sensing is the main approach to map aquatic vegetation, and classification tree (CT) is superior to various classification methods. Based on previous studies, modified CT can be developed from traditional CT by adjusting the thresholds based on the statistical relationship between spectral features to classify different images without ground-truth data. However, no studies have yet employed this method to resolve marine vegetation. In this study, three Gao-Fen 1 satellite images obtained on 30 January 2014, 5 November 2014 and 21 January 2015 were selected, and two features were then employed to extract macroalgae farms. Results show that the overall accuracies of traditional CTs for three images are 92.0, 94.2 and 93.9%, respectively, whereas those of the two corresponding modified CTs for images obtained on 21 January 2015 and 5 November 2014 are 93.1 and 89.5%, respectively. This indicates modified CTs can map macroalgae with multi-date imagery and monitor their spatiotemporal distribution in coastal environments.  相似文献   

Evaluating the quality of hydraulic conductivity estimates from piezometer slug tests in peat     

Ben W. J. Surridge  Andrew J. Baird  A. L. Heathwaite 《水文研究》2005,19(6):1227-1244

Although widely used in wetland hydrological studies, hydraulic conductivity (K) estimates from piezometer slug tests are often of questionable validity. Frequently, this is because insufficient attention is paid to the details of the test procedure. Further, in a potentially heterogeneous and anisotropic medium such as peat, the use of slug tests is prone to error. In this paper we address some of the methodological issues surrounding piezometer slug tests in peat. We compare slug test data with laboratory determinations of vertical and horizontal K obtained using a new method. Piezometers were installed at three depths in a floodplain fen peat in Norfolk, UK. Slug tests were initiated by both slug insertion and slug withdrawal, and repeat tests were conducted to examine the robustness of our K estimates. Most of the tests displayed departures from the log‐linear model of Hvorslev, the form of departure being consistent with compressible soil behaviour. The results suggest that insertion tests gave similar results to those initiated by withdrawal. Repeat testing showed that withdrawal data, in particular, gave highly reproducible normalized responses that were independent of the initial head. Values for K estimated using the slug tests were in the range 1 × 10⁻⁴ to 1·6 × 10⁻³ cm s⁻¹, which is towards the upper end of the range reported for peats generally. Laboratory tests yielded similar values of K to those obtained from the slug tests. Although the laboratory tests showed that the peat was anisotropic, the K values generated by slug testing proved relatively good estimates of both vertical and horizontal K. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Numerical modeling and neural networks to identify model parameters from piezocone tests: II. Multi‐parameter identification from piezocone data     

Rafał F. Obrzud  Andrzej Truty  Laurent Vulliet 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2012,36(6):743-779

This paper completes the study presented in the accompanying paper, and demonstrates a numerical algorithm for parameter prediction from the piezocone test (CPTU) data. This part deals with a development of neural network (NN) models which are able to map multi‐variable input data onto typical geotechnical characteristics and constitutive parameters of the modified Cam clay model, which has been applied in this study. The identification procedure is designed for the coupled hydro‐mechanical boundary value problem in normally‐and lightly overconsolidated clayey soils including partially drained conditions that may appear during cone penetration. The NN models are trained with pseudo‐experimental measurements derived with the aid of the numerical model of the piezocone test, presented in the accompanying paper. Different input configurations containing CPTU measurements and some complementary data are studied with respect to the accuracy of predicted parameter values. Finally, the performance of the developed NN predictors is tested with field CPTU data which are derived from three well‐documented characterization sites, and the obtained predictions are compared with benchmark laboratory results. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Application of the exact constitutive relationship of modified Cam clay to the undrained expansion of a spherical cavity     

Vincenzo Silvestri  Ghassan Abou‐Samra 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2011,35(1):53-66

The modified Cam clay (MCC) model is used to study the response of virgin‐compressed clay subjected to undrained triaxial compression. The MCC constitutive relationship is obtained in a closed form. Both elastic and plastic deviatoric strains are considered in the analysis. The solution allows to obtain total and effective stress paths followed by the clay in undrained spherical expansion. Pore water pressures are determined from the difference between total and effective mean stresses. For illustration purposes, the analysis is also applied to the well‐known reconstituted normally consolidated London clay and the results are compared with the recently published data obtained by a numerical approach. In addition, the Almansi large strains are used in the analysis, as these allow to obtain limit expansion and pore pressures, whereas both small‐strain and logarithmic‐strain approaches do not permit to determine them. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于ETM+的植被覆盖信息提取及其动态变化分析——以广州市为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

马娅  匡耀求  黄宁生  王天星 《测绘科学》2009,34(4)

以2000年和2005年ETM+影像为数据源,在水体掩膜和端元光谱优选对比基础上,利用线性光谱模型提取了广州市植被覆盖信息,并对植被覆盖信息的时空动态变化进行了定量分析,结果表明:应用线性光谱模型之前对所占面积不大的水体进行处理是非常必要的,选取植被、硬化地面、土壤三端元法比包含阴影的四端元法更有利于线性光谱分离,而且能达到很高的精度;此外,通过对植被覆盖信息空间结构和景观格局的研究,显示:2000-2005虽然广州市绿化取得了初步成效,但总体植被覆盖状况呈下滑趋势,植被景观破碎程度增加,各植被景观形状趋于复杂化,城市化的发展加之人类活动的干扰,低植被覆盖区不断扩大,而中、高植被覆盖区正处于不断退化时期。  相似文献   

基于改进两步移动搜索法的北碚区医疗设施空间可达性分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

傅俐  王勇  曾彪  毛泳  高敏 《地球信息科学学报》2019,21(10):1565-1575

针对当前医疗资源分布不均问题,本文以重庆市北碚区为例,以行政村为最小研究单元,借助GIS空间分析技术,将多级半径和高斯距离衰减函数相结合来改进两步移动搜索法,对北碚区医疗设施空间可达性进行研究。结果表明：① 改进两步移动搜索法综合考虑了医院等级规模对居民的吸引力、距离衰减因素对居民出行意愿的影响等因素,在识别高可达性区域内部差异和边缘低可达性区域方面具有较高的敏感性,因此其计算结果能够更准确地刻画北碚区的医疗设施空间可达性特征;② 北碚区整体医疗设施空间可达性较好,呈现由中心向四周递减的特征;③ 借助冷热点分析发现北碚区医疗设施可达性空间差异大,两极分异显著,高值区主要集中在东阳街道、朝阳街道、天生街道、北温泉街道和龙凤桥街道等中心城区,低值区主要集中在金刀峡镇、柳荫镇、三圣镇、复兴街道和静观镇等边缘地区。研究结果可为相关部门制定决策规划提供依据。  相似文献   

应用湿Q矢量分解理论诊断分析“05．7”梅雨锋暴雨   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

梁琳琳  寿绍文  苗春生 《南京气象学院学报》2008,31(2):167-175

利用Q矢量分解理论对发生于2005年7月的一次江淮梅雨锋暴雨过程进行诊断分析,并对比分析了原非地转湿Q矢量（Q^＊）和改进后的非地转湿Q矢量（Q^M）的诊断能力。结果显示：对流凝结潜热的释放对此次梅雨暴雨中尺度系统的形成和维持起到非常重要的作用;将Q^M分解为平行和垂直于等位温线两个方向后,发现在暴雨强盛阶段,低层大气是以大尺度辐合为主,中高层相反,且南北方向有次级环流出现,表明次天气尺度的持续性水汽汇集和正反馈机制是此次梅雨锋暴雨的关键因子．  相似文献   

Adomian分解法在完全非线性S-G方程中的运用     

王玉春 《成都信息工程学院学报》2009,24(1)

为分析具有高非线性强度下的偏微分方程的初值问题,简化变量分离等方法带来的繁杂计算,研究了一类完全非线性Sine-Gordon方程以及它的近似方程(在|up|很小的情况下),经过适当的函数变换,运用改进的Ado-mian分解法解决了一些特殊情况下它们的初值问题,结合Talyor级数展开式,得到了一些精确解:扭结解(kink)、紧孤子解(compacton)、多重紧孤子解、compacton-kink解.另外运用线性化的方法结合不同形式的解得到它们一些更加丰富的新形式的精确解.  相似文献   

点源二维地电模型反演方法的研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

杨进  傅良魁 《物探与化探》1993,17(1):51-56

为了提高电法勘探数据解释的能力,寻找较好的二维反演方法,本文在研究改进的阻尼最小二乘法在二维反演中应用的同时,成功地引进和发展了Box-Kanemasu反演法。在微机上实现了电法勘探数据的二维反演解释。理论和实际地电模型的二维反演算例表明,该方法的理论是正确的,方法是切实可行的。  相似文献   

内燃机性能指标的简化计算   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邱伟光 《广东海洋大学学报》2004,24(3):52-55

循环热效率和指示热效率是两个不同的热效率概念 ,本文推导出了两种热效率之间相互换算的因子———“热效率修正因子”的计算式 ,应用该因子可以计算或预测内燃机实际循环的性能指标 ,计算结果与热计算结果吻合 ,该方法比热计算简单 ,适用于所有四冲程内燃机。  相似文献