Evaluating impacts of pulse fishing on the effectiveness of seasonal closure     

邢磊  陈勇  张崇良  李拜  Yunne-Jai Shin  任一平 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(4):89-99

Seasonal fishing closures are often used in fisheries management to conserve overfished stocks.As one of the unintended consequences,fishermen often contend for maximizing catches immediately after reopening fisheries.The resultant large catch landings in a short time period(i.e.,pulse fishing)may undermine the benefit of closure.We implemented an end-to-end model OSMOSE-JZB(Object-oriented Simulator of Marine ec OSystem Exploitation OSMOSE)modelling ecosystem in the Jiaozhou Bay located in China to evaluate the impact of pulse fishing on the effectiveness of seasonal closure at levels of fish community,population,and individual.Our study demonstrated that the three-month closure was successful in conserving fish stocks.There were small variations on ecological indicators(i.e.,total biomass of the community,mean trophic level of the community,mean trophic level of the catch,and Shannon-Wiener biodiversity index)when pulse fishing occurred.Pulse fishing seemed not to result in a great shift in community structure.Compared to other species,the biomass of two large predatory fishes were more susceptible to pulse fishing.Pulse fishing could change the pressure of predators to fish stocks via food webs,especially for young individuals.Our simulations indicate that we can improve the effectiveness of seasonal closure by managing pulse fishing.Although the results derived in this study may be specific to the target ecosystem,the general approach is applicable to other ecosystems when evaluating fishing impacts.  相似文献   

海州湾及邻近海域口虾蛄栖息地适宜性建模的环境变量优化     

张云雷  于华明  于海庆  徐宾铎  张崇良  任一平  薛莹  许莉莉 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(6):36-47

Habitat suitability index(HSI) models have been widely used to analyze the relationship between species abundance and environmental factors, and ultimately inform management of marine species. The response of species abundance to each environmental variable is different and habitat requirements may change over life history stages and seasons. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the optimal combination of environmental variables in HSI modelling. In this study, generalized additive models(GAMs) were used to determine which environmental variables to be included in the HSI models. Significant variables were retained and weighted in the HSI model according to their relative contribution(%) to the total deviation explained by the boosted regression tree(BRT). The HSI models were applied to evaluate the habitat suitability of mantis shrimp Oratosquilla oratoria in the Haizhou Bay and adjacent areas in 2011 and 2013–2017. Ontogenetic and seasonal variations in HSI models of mantis shrimp were also examined. Among the four models(non-optimized model, BRT informed HSI model,GAM informed HSI model, and both BRT and GAM informed HSI model), both BRT and GAM informed HSI model showed the best performance. Four environmental variables(bottom temperature, depth, distance offshore and sediment type) were selected in the HSI models for four groups(spring-juvenile, spring-adult, falljuvenile and fall-adult) of mantis shrimp. The distribution of habitat suitability showed similar patterns between juveniles and adults, but obvious seasonal variations were observed. This study suggests that the process of optimizing environmental variables in HSI models improves the performance of HSI models, and this optimization strategy could be extended to other marine organisms to enhance the understanding of the habitat suitability of target species.  相似文献   

安徽省休宁县小贺铅锌银矿床地质特征     

吴显国  王帮民  支利赓 《西部资源》2019,(3)

休宁县小贺铅锌银矿床,位于江南造山带中的白际岭岛弧带与障公山隆起带的接合部位,钦杭成矿带中带安徽段北侧。矿区主体产于青白口纪周家村浅变质碎屑的岩晶屑凝灰岩夹层中,井潭组英安质—流纹凝灰岩、流纹斑岩内。由于处于白际岭韧性剪切带内,周家村组和井潭组强烈发育片理构造和片麻状构造。矿(化)体水平方向上发育脉状铅锌银矿,南部为大脉状含铅锌毒砂矿,矿区以南为含金石英脉。垂向上,矿体深部以毒砂、黄铁矿为主,浅部以方铅矿、闪锌矿为主。矿区成矿分为毒砂—黄铁矿化阶段、方铅锌——闪锌矿化阶段和金—硫化物矿化阶段等三个成矿阶段。矿区发现Ga、Ge、Cd等分散元素,热液型脉状多金属矿床。  相似文献   

富(含)CO₂煤层气多源多阶成因研究进展及勘探开发启示     

唐淑玲  汤达祯  孙斌  陶树  张泰源  蒲一帆  张奥博  支元昊 《煤田地质与勘探》2022,50(3):58-68

富(含)CO₂煤层气承载着煤层气成因成藏的重要地质信息,与煤层气资源勘探及评价密切相关。在系统总结现阶段煤层气成因研究进展的基础上,通过解剖准噶尔盆地南缘富CO₂煤层气藏特殊地质范例,科学分析富(含)CO₂煤层气成因机制研究现状,全面梳理煤层气成因研究过程中存在的问题。结果表明,煤层气生成具有多源多阶段性,不同成因煤层气地球化学特征差异显著;现有煤层气成因判识图版及标准存在局限性,有必要建立煤层气成因多因素综合判识方法体系,结合区域地质条件及母质继承性差异,综合解释煤层气成因起源及伴生地质作用过程;富(含)CO₂煤层气藏含气构成、同位素组成及成藏过程,与早期煤化作用CO₂生成积聚、地下水参与下的CO₂差异溶解消耗、运移分馏、微生物后期改造等地球化学和生物地球化学作用息息相关;针对不同成因类型的煤层气藏应建立相应的资源评价指标体系,有效圈定甜点区与甜点层,对富含CO₂的煤层气藏需科学建立风氧化带深度界定标准,开展煤层气资源有效性评价。   相似文献   

青海省那陵格勒河中游地区水系沉积物地球化学特征及找矿远景     

张伟  安茂国  王志鹏  杨启  陈怀鑫  马晓峰  支成龙  邢其涛  裴长世  王娜  刘铭 《现代地质》2023,(3):690-707

青海省那陵格勒河中游地区位于秦—祁—昆成矿域东昆仑成矿省祁漫塔格—都兰华力西期铁、钴、铜、铅、锌、锡、硅灰石(锑、铋)成矿带,该区及其周边已发现金属矿床(点)几十处,具有良好的金、铁、铅、锌、铜、镍矿找矿前景。本研究基于对该区水系沉积物样品新测试获取的20种元素,统计分析元素分布与特征参数,由此总结富集离散规律、元素组合特征及其与成矿地质条件的关系。研究结果显示：白沙河(岩)组中Pb、Bi、Zn明显富集,成矿指数较高,滩间山群中显著富集Cu、Cr、Ni、Co、V,印支期中酸性高温岩浆活动可以为地层中Cu、Pb、Zn等金属元素的活化提供充足的热动力。地层与印支期中酸性岩浆接触交代形成的矽卡岩带,可作为寻找矽卡岩型Cu、Pb、Zn多金属矿床的有利部位。结合成矿地质条件和地球化学特征,总计圈定了39处地球化学综合异常,并划分出5处找矿远景区,其中野马泉—牛苦头—黑山铜、金、锑与克提哈尔—红卫山铜、钴、镍、钒多金属成矿远景区可作为区内重点的铜多金属成矿远景带,具有较大的成矿潜力。本研究为区域多种有色金属矿产靶区优选、资源潜力评价和下一步地质找矿工作提供了参考。  相似文献   

探讨矿业权出让收益制度——以山东省为例     

徐超  高燕  张超  支成龙  陈文韬 《地质论评》2021,67(Z1):67z1171-67z1172

正为维护国家矿产资源所有者权益,党的十八届三中全会提出"统一行使全民所有自然资源资产所有者职责"的改革方向。《矿产资源权益金制度改革方案》(国发[2017]29号)、《矿业权出让收益征收管理暂行办法》(财综[2017]35号)将以往只对国家出资探明矿产地收取、反映国家投资收益的探矿权采矿权价款,调整为适用于所有国家出让矿业权、体现国家所有者权益的矿业权出让收益。  相似文献   

海河流域地下水资源特征和开发利用潜力          下载免费PDF全文

杨会峰  孟瑞芳  李文鹏  李泽岩  支传顺  包锡麟  李长青  柳富田  吴海平  任宇 《中国地质》2021,48(4):1032-1051

海河流域水资源严重短缺,地下水长期超采是制约社会经济可持续发展的主要瓶颈。开展流域地下水资源及开发利用潜力研究,对支撑服务地下水超采治理、地下水资源可持续利用和生态环境保护都具有重要意义。经系统评价,海河流域天然资源量252.99×10~8m~3,生态水位约束条件下的浅层地下水开采资源量172.98×10~8m~3,可更新的深层水可利用量4.68×10~8m~3。海河流域山区地下水质量总体较好,Ⅰ～Ⅲ类水占比40.83%,平原区浅层地下水质量较差,Ⅰ～Ⅲ类水占比14.10%,深层地下水质量优于浅层地下水,Ⅰ～Ⅳ类水占比74.25%。海河流域山区地下水开采潜力总体较小,燕山和太行山北部山区,地下水资源禀赋较差,基本无开采潜力,太行中部山区地下水开采程度较高,无开采潜力或开采潜力较小,太行南部山区地下水资源禀赋良好,开采潜力较大;平原区浅层地下水在不同水文地质单元开采潜力差异较大,山前平原浅层地下水长期超采形成大范围降落漏斗,无开采潜力或潜力较小,中东部平原浅层地下水资源禀赋较差,以微咸水为主,开采潜力较小,山东省鲁北平原区浅层地下水开采程度较低,聊城—德州一带开采潜力较大;雄安新区地下水总体无开采潜力。平原区深层地下水基本无开采潜力。  相似文献   

Spatial and seasonal variations in the trophic spectrum of demersal fish assemblages in Jiaozhou Bay,China   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

韩东燕  薛莹  任一平  麻秋云 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2015,33(4):934-944

Trophic structure of fish communities is fundamental for ecosystem-based fisheries management, and trophic spectrum classifies fishes by their positions in food web, which provides a simple summary on the trophic structure and ecosystem function. In this study, both fish biomass and abundance trophic spectra were constructed to study the spatial and seasonal variations in the trophic structure of demersal fish assemblages in Jiaozhou Bay, China. Data were collected from four seasonal bottom trawl surveys in Jiaozhou Bay from February to November in 2011. Trophic levels(TLs) of fishes were determined by nitrogen stable isotope analysis. This study indicated that most of these trophic spectra had a single peak at trophic level(TL) of 3.4–3.7, suggesting that demersal fish assemblages of Jiaozhou Bay were dominated by secondary consumers(eg. Pholis fangi and Amblychaeturichthys hexanema). The spatial and seasonal variations of trophic spectra of Jiaozhou Bay reflected the influence of fish reproduction, fishing pressure and migration of fishes. Two-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) showed that seasonal variations in trophic spectra in Jiaozhou Bay were significant(P 0.05), but variations among different areas were not significant( P 0.05). The trophic spectrum has been proved to be a useful tool to monitor the trophic structure of fish assemblages. This study highlighted the comprehensive application of fish biomass and abundance trophic spectra in the study on trophic structure of fish assemblages.  相似文献   

中国近530年干湿变化及其持续性特征研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

龚志强  支蓉  封国林  张强 《气象学报》2009,67(2):307-320

采用中国530年旱涝指数序列,并将其划分为华北和西北东部地区(Ⅰ区)、长江流域地区(Ⅱ区)以及中南和东南沿海地区(Ⅲ区)3个区域.应用功率谱、滤波方法、BG算法等研究旱涝指数序列各相对平稳均值段之间的干湿转化特征.结果表明,近130年的干旱时段和历史上的干早或偏旱时段相比,Ⅰ区干湿转化频率有所加快;Ⅱ区于湿转化频率没有太大变化;Ⅲ区干湿转化频率有所降低.并且重大干湿转折时期大多对应突变点比较集中,即这一时期气候态不稳定,容易发生突变或符种极端气候事件.结合小波系数的周期分析结果发现,Ⅰ区从1920年左右开始的干旱,在经历了20世纪70年代末以来的严重干旱以后,有可能在21世纪再持续50到70年,其后再一次发生由干旱向湿润的转型;Ⅱ区则有可能在接下来的几十年中持续湿润期相对集中的情况.此外,Ⅰ-Ⅲ区干湿变化的特征与北半球的气候变化有一定的对应关系;Ⅰ区的干湿变化与当地温度变化具有较好的止相关;Ⅱ区和Ⅲ区干湿变化与温度变化的联系较Ⅰ区差一些;太平洋年代际涛动可能对3个区域的干湿转化均有不同程度的影响.在此基础上,定义旱(涝)尺度因子,可以定量描述旱涝持续性的区域特征;滑动计算旱(涝)尺度因子,可以检测哪一时段对应有旱涝群发性事件及重大干湿期的转折.  相似文献   

温度破纪录事件预测理论研究   总被引：12，自引：2，他引：10  

封国林  杨杰  万仕全  侯威  支蓉 《气象学报》2009,67(1):61-74

分析中国740个常规观测站1960-2005年日最高、最低温度器测资料,揭示了46年来中国日最高、最低温度破纪录事件的强度特征.利用历史观测资料验证了日温度极值服从高斯分布,并将历史资料中已知的高、低温破纪录事件作为初始条件,经冗长的理论推导得到破纪录温度的期望值,与用纯极值理论进行迭代获得的结果相比,前者更符合观测事实,预测效果更好.在此基础上对中国未来可能发生的高、低温破纪录事件进行了预测评估,给出了各地区高、低温破纪录事件强度理论上所能达到的最大、最小值分布.结果表明中国各地区极端温度变化幅度差异明显,具有明显的区域特征,西南地区的极端高温事件强度未来处于较大上升期,西部相对较小;而极端低温事件强度降幅最大的区域位于东北和西北部地区,华中及西南地区处于相对平稳期.  相似文献