Rupture and delamination of arc crust rupture and delamination of island arc crust due to the arc–arc collision in the South Fossa Magna, central Japan     

Nobuaki Niitsuma 《Island Arc》1999,8(4):441-458

Three collisional cycles, the Tanzawa, Izu and Shichito, are known to have occurred in the South Fossa Magna, central Japan, since the late Miocene, based on geologic evidence. The cycles consist of six stages. At present the South Fossa Magna is in the later part of stage 5 of the Izu Cycle and stage 2 of the Shichito Cycle. Because the collisional processes are ongoing we can observe, measure and correlate them with the geologic records of the former cycles. The collisional processes are progressing intermittently because of the rupture and deformation of the collided and colliding island arc crusts. Rupture in the subducting crust can be explained by the geometry of the subducting plate along a boundary that is not straight. The delamination of the upper crust is detected from the geologic and crustal structure in the collided Tanzawa Block; it is an important factor in the deformation of the crust.  相似文献   

华南的格林威尔造山带及其坍塌:在罗迪尼亚超大陆演化中的意义   总被引：24，自引：2，他引：22  

吴根耀 《大地构造与成矿学》2000,24(2):112-123

华南的格林威尔造山运动始自约1200MaB.P.,在约1000～950MaB.P.扬子与湘赣—华夏微大陆发生碰撞 ,继之以岩石圈的拆沉作用和造山带的快速坍塌 ,在仰冲板片和下插板片上分别形成华南裂谷的北支和南支 ,部分地区可能有新生洋壳出现。裂谷以北地区的造山活动持续到约740MaB.P.,碰撞高原控制了长安冰期的沉积 ,至南沱冰期沉积时它已近剥蚀夷平。文章重塑了新元古代时华南裂谷的演化 ,探讨了它在罗迪尼亚超大陆裂解中的意义  相似文献   

中国东北—华北新生代火山活动的深部动力学机制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

汪洋 《地质论评》1999,45(7):174-179

在综合地质年代学、数值模拟和岩石学研究成果的基础上,作者提出中国东北—华北地区新生代玄武质火山活动是岩石圈发生拆沉失稳,导致软流圈地幔发生强迫对流的结果。发生在东北—华北地区中部的岩石圈拆沉失稳诱发了早第三纪火山活动,而地幔对流环的扩展引起的热机械侵蚀作用使得周边地区相继发生岩石圈拆沉,从而导致晚第三纪第四纪火山活动的产生。拆沉失稳机制得到了大地热流、布格重力异常反演和新构造运动研究结果的支持。  相似文献   

豫西熊耳山蒿坪沟黑云母花岗斑岩的锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb年龄及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

梁涛  卢仁  罗照华  白凤军  刘晓 《地质论评》2015,61(4):901-912

熊耳山西端的沙沟—龙门店银多金属矿矿集区内出露蒿坪沟黑云母花岗斑岩,精确限定它的形成时代对探讨其成因背景和评价成矿潜力均具有重要意义。蒿坪沟岩体定年样品HPG304的岩性为黑云母花岗斑岩,33个锆石测点中有18个测点的U-Pb同位素测定值位于或者接近n(207Pb)/n(235U)—n(206Pb)/n(238U)一致线,它们的年龄值集中于2435±9 Ma、2310±13~2340±10 Ma、1784±10 Ma和129±1~131±1 Ma等4个年龄段内。最新年龄段内8个锆石测点n(206Pb)/n(238U)年龄加权平均值为129.9±0.6 Ma(MSWD=0.69),结合前人蒿坪沟黑云母花岗斑岩5颗SHRIMP锆石的U-Pb同位素数据,获得的加权平均年龄为130.5±1.1 Ma(MSWD=3.5),认为它的形成年龄为130.5±1.1 Ma。综合蒿坪沟黑云母花岗斑岩的SHRIMP锆石定年结果,34颗锆石形成了一个从古元古代到早白垩世的锆石年龄谱,区域上均存在与之对应的岩浆热事件。蒿坪沟黑云母花岗斑岩形成的构造背景为早白垩世岩石圈拆沉作用,由此触发的岩浆(流体)混合作用成就了其锆石U-Pb年龄谱。蒿坪沟黑云母花岗斑岩的形成时代与小秦岭—崤山—熊耳山地区中生代广泛而强烈的成矿及成岩时代相接近,岩石圈拆沉作用利于深部流体快速释放,加之蒿坪沟黑云母花岗斑岩及其周缘和深部显示了良好的物化探异常,它应当被视为沙沟—龙门店银多金属矿矿集区内找矿靶区之一。  相似文献   

豫西崤山龙卧沟岩体锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学特征及地质意义   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

卢仁  梁涛  卢欣祥白凤军  成静亮  温静静 《中国地质》2014,41(3):756-772

豫西崤山北部出露一系列中酸性小岩体,为探讨其成因、深部动力学背景及成矿潜力,对其中之一的龙卧沟岩体进行了锆石定年和地球化学成分分析研究。龙卧沟岩体的岩性为斑状黑云母二长花岗岩,发育钾长石巨斑晶。LA—ICP—MS锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄为(128±1)Ma,岩体形成时代为早白垩世。龙卧沟岩体具有高硅、富碱高钾、贫镁低钙的特征,属于高钾钙碱性系列,A/CNK值介于1.00~1.11,岩石学和地球化学特征表明其属于富钾钙碱性花岗岩类(KCG)。龙卧沟岩体的稀土配分模式具有轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损的特征,(La/Yb)_N范围为18.55~26.92,无明显Eu异常,微量元素蛛网图中Rb和了h富集,具有明显的Nb-Ta负异常。龙卧沟岩体高Sr、低Y,具有埃达克岩属性,它是加厚大陆下地壳的部分熔融形成的,部分熔融源区残余相矿物包括石榴石、金红石和角闪石。崤山北部地区在早白垩世经历了岩石圈拆沉作用,是对中国东部中生代岩石圈巨大减薄的地质响应之一。龙卧沟岩体形成时代位于东秦岭地区广泛而强烈的成岩成矿作用时限内,且其显示了Au、Ag、Mo和W明显异常,表明龙卧沟岩体(含隐伏部分)具有较大的成矿潜力。  相似文献   

An Andean tectonic cycle:From crustal thickening to extension in a thin crust(34°-37°SL)     

VictorA.Ramos  VanesaD.Litvak  AndresFolguera MauroSpagnuolo 《地学前缘(英文版)》2014,5(3):351-367

Several orogenic cycles of mountain building and subsequent collapse associated with periods of shallowing and steepening of subduction zones have been recognized in recent years in the Andes.Most of them are characterized by widespread crustal delamination expressed by large calderas and rhyolitic flare-up produced by the injection of hot asthenosphere in the subduction wedge.These processes are related to the increase of the subduction angle during trench roll-back.The Payenia paleoflat-slab,in the southern Central Andes of Argentina and Chile(34°—37°S) recorded a complete cycle from crustal thickening and mountain uplift to extensional collapse and normal faulting,which are related to changes in the subduction geometry.The early stages are associated with magmatic expansion and migration,subsequent deformation and broken foreland.New ages and geochemical data show the middle to late Miocene expansion and migration of arc volcanism towards the foreland region was associated with important deformation in the Andean foothills.However,the main difference of this orogenic cycle with the previously described cycles is that the steepening of the oceanic subducted slab is linked to basaltic flooding of large areas in the retroarc under an extensional setting.Crustal delamination is concentrated only in a narrow central belt along the cordilleran axis.The striking differences between the two types of cycles are interpreted to be related to the crustal thickness when steepening the subducting slab.The crustal thickness of the Altiplano is over 60-80 km,whereas Payenia is less than 42 km in the axial part,and near 30 km in the retroarc foothills.The final extensional regime associated with the slab steepening favors the basaltic flooding of more than 8400 km~3 in an area larger than 40,000 km2,through 800 central vents and large fissures.These characteristics are unique in the entire present-day Andes.  相似文献   

浙北湖(州)-安(吉)火山岩盆地：锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学与岩浆成因          下载免费PDF全文

马芳  薛怀民 《地质学报》2017,91(2):334-361

处于浙-赣火山岩带东北缘的湖(州)-安(吉)盆地内的火山岩/潜火山岩从中性到酸性,中间没有明显的成分间断,以中酸性—酸性组分占绝对优势,中性组分相对较少,缺少基性组分,代表一套连续的中性—酸性岩浆系列。岩石化学总体表现为富碱和高钾的特征,中性岩属橄榄玄粗岩系列,中酸性—酸性岩类属高钾钙碱性系列。盆地内的火山岩在地球化学上均表现为富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,而高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti等则有一定程度的亏损。火山岩中主量和微量元素的变异规律揭示分离结晶作用是盆地内岩浆演化的主要机理,但岩浆演化的不同阶段分离的矿物相有所差异,斜长石自始至终都是分离结晶的重要矿物相,在中性—中酸性岩浆演化阶段,角闪石可能也是重要的分离矿物,而中酸性—酸性岩中钾长石和黑云母的分离结晶也起着重要影响。本文所作的精确定年结果表明,盆地内三期火山活动产物的LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年龄在误差范围内几乎一致,介于128~130 Ma之间,指示盆地内主要火山活动持续的时间很短。另外测得粗安岩集块的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为136±1 Ma,可能意味着该盆地初期有少量偏基性的火山活动。推测湖安火山岩盆地发育于活动大陆边缘的后造山环境,岩浆的形成可能受控于岩石圈的拆沉或俯冲板片的断落,母岩浆主要是由镁铁质下地壳物质部分熔融形成的,几乎没有地幔物质的参与,所形成的安山质-英安质岩浆在浅部岩浆房中发生过强烈的分异演化。  相似文献   

Petrogenesis of the Late Triassic shoshonitic Shadegai pluton from the northern North China Craton: Implications for crust-mantle interaction and post-collisional extension     

Liqiong Jia  Liang Wang  Genhou Wang  Shibin Lei  Xuan Wu 《地学前缘(英文版)》2019,10(2):595-610

Latest Permian to Triassic plutons are widespread in the northern North China Craton(NCC); most of them show calc-alkaline, high-K calc-alkaline, or alkaline geochemical features. The Shadegai pluton in the Wulashan area has shoshonitic affinity and I-type character, and is composed of syenogranites containing abundant mafic microgranular enclaves(MMEs). LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb data yield weighted mean 206 Pb/238 U ages of 222 ± 1 Ma and 221 ± 1 Ma for the syenogranites and MMEs, respectively, suggesting their coeval formation during the Late Triassic. The syenogranites have high SiO_2(70.42-72.30 wt%),K_2O(4.58-5.22 wt.%) and Na_2O(4.19-4.43 wt.%) contents but lower concentrations of P_2O_5(0.073-0.096 wt.%) and TiO_2(0.27-0.37 wt.%), and are categorized as I-type granites, rather than A-type granites, as previously thought. These syenogranites exhibit lower(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i ratios(0.70532-0.70547) and strongly negative whole-rock εNd(t) values(-12.54 to-11.86) and zircon εHf(t) values(-17.81 to-10.77),as well as old Nd(1962-2017 Ma) and Hf(2023-2092 Ma) model ages, indicating that they were derived from the lower crust.Field and petrological observations reveal that the MMEs within the pluton probably represent magmatic globules commingled with their host magmas. Geochemically, these MMEs have low SiO_2(53.46-55.91 wt.%)but high FeOt(7.27-8.79 wt.%) contents. They are enriched in light rare earth elements(LREEs) and large ion lithophile elements(LILEs), and are depleted in heavy rare earth elements(HREEs) and high field strength elements(HFSEs). They have whole-rock(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i ratios varying from 0.70551 to 0.70564, εNd(t) values of -10.63 to -9.82, and zircon εHf(t) values of -9.89 to 0.19. Their geochemical and isotopic features indicate that they were derived from the subcontinental lithospheric mantle mainly metasomatized by slab-derived fluids, with minor involvement of melts generated from the ascending asthenospheric mantle. Petrology integrated with elemental and isotopic geochemistry suggest that the Shadegai pluton was produced by crust-mantle interactions, i.e., partial melting of the lower continental crust induced by underplating of mantle-derived mafic magmas(including the subcontinental lithospheric mantle and asthenospheric mantle), and subsequent mixing of the mantle-and crust-derived magmas. In combination with existing geological data, it is inferred that the Shadegai pluton formed in a post-collisional extensional regime related to lithospheric delamination following the collision between the NCC and Mongolia arc terranes.  相似文献   

Intraplate earthquakes and their link with mantle dynamics: Insights from P-wave teleseismic tomography along the northern part of the North–South Tectonic Zone in China     

Chuansong He  M. Santosh 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2017,349(3):96-105

The North–South Tectonic Zone (NSTZ) running across the Chinese continent is an important earthquake-prone zone. Around one third of the strong earthquakes (> 7.0) of China in the past occurred in this region. Receiver function study has imaged vertical convection in the mantle beneath the northern part of the NSTZ (NNSTZ), which might be related to stress accumulation and release as well as related earthquakes. Here we perform a P-wave teleseismic tomographic analysis of this region. Our results reveal prominent low-velocity and high-velocity perturbations in the upper mantle beneath this region, which we correlate with mantle upwelling, possibly resulting from lower crustal and (or) lithospheric delamination. Our results also reveal significant contrast in the velocity perturbation of the lithosphere along the two sides of this tectonic zone, suggesting possible material exchange between the eastern and western domains and lithosphere-scale control on the generation of earthquakes.  相似文献   

华北克拉通破坏动力学过程研究中的几个构造问题          下载免费PDF全文

张长厚 《地学前缘》2009,16(4):203-214

华北克拉通破坏问题,是通过对古生代时期和新生代以来华北东部岩石圈厚度、热状态、岩石圈地幔组成与时代等特征的比较研究中,逐渐认识到的一个重大的大陆构造动力学问题。岩石圈厚度的巨大变薄是克拉通破坏的重要标志之一,已有的构造动力学模型从不同角度着重讨论了克拉通岩石圈是如何减薄的问题,但由于岩石圈减薄远不是克拉通破坏的全部,因此,即使已有动力学模型可以对减薄过程给出比较合理的解释,也还难以成为克拉通破坏的综合动力学模型。文中针对目前流行的华北克拉通岩石圈减薄动力学模型存在的问题,提出了在构建克拉通破坏综合动力学模型时需要关注的一些主要构造问题:(1)从构造变形、沉积作用、火山活动及其事件序列特征角度,甄别和评价主动裂谷作用和被动裂谷作用在克拉通破坏过程中所发挥的作用;热 化学侵蚀岩石圈减薄模型可能需要与上述裂谷作用模型相结合,才可能成为克拉通岩石圈破坏的候选模型。(2)从拆沉相关岩浆侵入和火山活动时空演变规律、地壳表层快速隆起及相关沉积作用和构造变形、地壳热状态异常、拆沉引起的热弱化地壳对区域应力场的响应、拆沉导致的局部应力场模拟等方面展开研究,检验、充实或修正岩石圈拆沉模型。(3)从区域构造变形和相关沉积作用、火山活动相结合的综合研究角度,探索华北克拉通的破坏是在古老克拉通基础上的直接破坏,还是在古老克拉通基础上经历了造山作用过程之后的造山带伸展垮塌,这是涉及华北克拉通破坏动力学模型建立的根本问题之一。  相似文献