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151.
The fabrics and crystals of Bohai one year ice show that the noncontinuous ice growth rate enables the level ice layers with different amount of air bubbles to be formed in lower part of an ice sheet which was clearly seen from CT technology; typical grain ice and columnar ice occur in the grey ice which grows in stable water; thaw refrozen ice and rafted ice have their specific crystal characters. On the Arctic sea ice, the ice core located at 72°24.037′N, 153°33.994′W and 2.2 m in length was a 3 year ice floe and a new sort of crystal was found, which is defined as refrozen clastic pieces. The crystal profile of the ice core 4.86 m in length located at 74°58.614′N, 160°31.830′W shows the evidence that ice ridge changed into hummock. 相似文献
152.
153.
The sea ice is idealized as an elastic-brittle material. When an ice sheet moves toward a structure, the dynamic in-teraction between ice and the structure is analyzed by the DDA (Discontinuous Deformation Analysis) approach, where the ice sheet and the structure are considered as assemblages of blocky masses. This has the advantages that the whole process of collision between the ice and structure can be shown visually vvith a series of pictures. Meanwhile, the dynamic response of the structure at each time step after the bumping of the ice against the structure is calculated. And with the aid of inverse analysis developed by the authors, the time history of the resultant ice force exerting on the structure is evaluated. A numerical example shows that the proposed approach is suitable to the simulation of the ice-breaking process and reasonable result of ice force acting on the structure can be obtained. 相似文献
154.
海冰对圆台结构的作用力及结构相互遮蔽关系 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用非冻结模型冰进行海冰对圆台结构上的水平和垂直冰作用力物理模拟试验研究, 给出作用在单圆台结构上水平和垂直冰力上限值同抗弯强度的包络线关系. 对于同类型的圆台, 能够依照一定模型比尺下的模型冰抗弯强度确定作用在圆台上的冰作用力试验值, 然后按照相似比尺复原到原型冰力. 当相邻两个圆台结构物距离比较近时, 圆台结构物之间会发生相互遮蔽. 通过系列不同相邻结构间距和夹角的物理模拟试验, 结合几何投影关系和圆台结构物前冰层的破碎特点及前人已有简单结构的试验理论关系形式, 利用新的物理模拟数据拟合出两个圆台结构之间冰力遮蔽系数同几何遮蔽系数的试验关系. 相似文献
155.
156.
以2003年的中国第2次北极科学考察的海冰物理过程调查数据为依据,分析了海冰动力学特征并给出体现动力学特征的定量参数。这些参数指出:现场调查的海冰密集度同NOAA冰图上的密集度相比低2~3成,而厚度比1999年的中国首次北极考察结果减少2 m;冰层底面起伏方差约是冰层表面积雪起伏方差的3.8倍;浮冰最快以1 300m/h速度运动并伴随振荡旋转。实测浮冰向东北运动时,旋转角度增加,最大达到37.8o,东南方向旋转时,角度减小;浮冰运动的振荡周期为12.45 h,同该纬度惯性流振荡周期一致,体现出惯性流对浮冰运动的贡献。 相似文献
157.
根据渤海海冰物理和力学参数分布建立渤海海冰工程分区.其特点是将作用到相同直径或宽度的直立结构物上冰的作用力范围相同的区域划分为同一分区内,因此不同重现期设计冰厚度和峰值压缩强度之积作为区划指标.为了获得不同重现期渤海海冰物理和力学性质参数,利用渤海历史资料建立用气温、水温、冰期和冰厚表达非变形平整冰层和冰样温度、盐度、密度的关系,进而获得冰的孔隙率;利用渤海海冰单轴压缩强度同孔隙率的试验关系计算相应峰值压缩强度;然后发展渤海不同重现期平整冰层物理和力学参数的平面分布.在此基础上以新区划指标做不同重现期的海冰工程分区.作为新区划的实例,给出25、50、100年重现期的渤海海冰工程分区. 相似文献
158.
针对固定增益变结构控制器应用于结构振动控制工程中可能引起控制系统过大的抖振,采用了一种基于RBF神经网络调节控制切换增益的变结构控制方法对地震作用下建筑结构的振动控制问题进行研究。根据二次型最优控制方法设计了切换面;基于切换面存在的可达性条件推导出控制律的表达式。以一个三层框架结构模型为例来验证所提变结构控制方法的有效性,算例分析结果表明,所提控制方法能够有效地减小结构的地震峰值响应,且达到了削弱控制系统抖振的目的。 相似文献
159.
西藏嘎拉勒铜金矿床作为构造背景反演指示针的成岩成矿年代学研究较为匮乏,使得该成矿带区域背景-构造-岩浆-成矿活动系列研究步履维艰,利用LA-ICP-MS(laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry)锆石U-Pb测年、辉钼矿Re-Os定年及Lu-Hf同位素技术,首次全面厘定了区内侵入岩侵位时序、探讨了岩石成因并确定了成矿时代.结果表明,成矿前闪长岩成岩年龄为155.8±2.3 Ma,侵位于晚侏罗世初期,εHf(t)值分布于-14.68~-8.34,平均值-11.74,是班公湖-怒江特提斯洋南向俯冲的产物;花岗闪长岩为矿区成矿母岩,其成岩年龄为88±1 Ma(MSWD=0.56,n=21),εHf(t)值分布于5.84~9.20,平均值7.72,成矿后花岗斑岩成岩年龄为84.67±0.80 Ma(MSWD=1.9,n=18),εHf(t)值分布于6.32~9.78,平均值8.40,二者均为晚白垩世侵位,为拉萨地体与羌塘地体汇聚的产物;矿区辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄为88.55±0.60 Ma(MSWD=0.60,n=8),与成矿母岩(花岗闪长岩)成岩年龄一致.研究表明,在班公湖-怒江特提斯洋南向俯冲至碰撞过程中在矿区内均有相应的岩浆活动响应,嘎拉勒铜金矿床则为典型的碰撞期成矿作用的产物. 相似文献
160.
基于中国北极考察布放浮标观测和数值模拟的海冰和积雪厚度变化分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sea ice and the snow pack on top of it were investigated using Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition(CHINARE) buoy data.Two polar hydrometeorological drifters,known as Zeno? ice stations,were deployed during CHINARE 2003.A new type of high-resolution Snow and Ice Mass Balance Arrays,known as SIMBA buoys,were deployed during CHINARE 2014.Data from those buoys were applied to investigate the thickness of sea ice and snow in the CHINARE domain.A simple approach was applied to estimate the average snow thickness on the basis of Zeno~ temperature data.Snow and ice thicknesses were also derived from vertical temperature profile data based on the SIMBA buoys.A one-dimensional snow and ice thermodynamic model(HIGHTSI) was applied to calculate the snow and ice thickness along the buoy drift trajectories.The model forcing was based on forecasts and analyses of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF).The Zeno~ buoys drifted in a confined area during 2003–2004.The snow thickness modelled applying HIGHTSI was consistent with results based on Zeno~ buoy data.The SIMBA buoys drifted from 81.1°N,157.4°W to 73.5°N,134.9°W in 15 months during2014–2015.The total ice thickness increased from an initial August 2014 value of 1.97 m to a maximum value of2.45 m before the onset of snow melt in May 2015;the last observation was approximately 1 m in late November2015.The ice thickness based on HIGHTSI agreed with SIMBA measurements,in particular when the seasonal variation of oceanic heat flux was taken into account,but the modelled snow thickness differed from the observed one.Sea ice thickness derived from SIMBA data was reasonably good in cold conditions,but challenges remain in both snow and ice thickness in summer. 相似文献