Metamorphism and deformation of mafic and felsic rocks in a magma transfer zone,Stewart Island,New Zealand     

R. H. VERNON  W. J. COLLINS  N. D. J. COOK 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2012,30(5):473-488

In the mingled mafic/felsic Halfmoon Pluton at The Neck, Stewart Island (part of the Median Batholith of New Zealand) some hornblende gabbros and diorites retain magmatic structures, whereas others show evidence of major changes in grain and inclusion shapes, and still others are amphibolite‐facies granofelses with few or no igneous relicts. These mafic to intermediate magmas crystallized in felsic magma relatively quickly, with the result that most deformation occurred at subsolidus conditions. It is suggested that mafic‐intermediate rocks with predominantly igneous microstructures spent less time in the magmatic system. The metamorphism of the mafic rocks appears to be ‘autometamorphic’, in the sense that elevated temperatures were maintained by magmatic heat during subsolidus cooling. Elevated temperatures were maintained because of repeated sheet injection and subconcordant dyke injection of hot basaltic and composite mafic‐felsic magmas, into a dominantly transtensional, km‐scale, outboard‐migrating, magmatic shear zone that operated semi‐continuously for between c. 140 and c. 130 Ma. Complete cooling occurred only when the system evolved to transpressional and the locus of magmatism migrated inboard (southward) between c. 130 and c. 120 Ma, associated with solid‐state mylonitic deformation. Intermingled granitic rocks escaped metamorphism, because they remained magmatic to lower temperatures, and experienced shorter and lower‐temperature subsolidus cooling intervals. However, the felsic rocks underwent relatively high‐temperature solid‐state deformation, as indicated by myrmekite replacing K‐feldspar and chess‐board subgrain patterns in quartz; locally they developed felsic mylonites. The felsic rocks were deformed in the solid state because of their high proportion of relatively weak minerals (quartz and biotite), whereas the mafic rocks mostly escaped subsolidus deformation, except in local high‐strain zones of hornblende‐plagioclase schist, because of their high proportion of relatively strong minerals (hornblende and plagioclase). We suggest that such contrasting microstructural features are diagnostic of long‐lived syntectonic magma transfer zones, and contrast with the more typical complex, batholith‐scale magma chambers of magmatic arcs.  相似文献   

Metamorphism in the New England Orogen,eastern Australia: a review     

K. Jessop  N. R. Daczko  S. Piazolo 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2020,67(4):453-478

Abstract

This paper summarises current knowledge on metamorphism within the entire New England Orogen (NEO) of eastern Australia. Rocks recording metamorphic assemblages characteristic of each of the three metamorphic facies series (high, medium and low P/T) have been identified within the orogen. These include high P/T blueschists and eclogites, mid P/T orogenic metamorphism and low P/T contact aureoles and sub-regional high-temperature–low-pressure (HTLP) metamorphism (regional aureoles). Metamorphism is described as it relates to six tectonic phases of development of the NEO that together comprise two major cycles of compression–extension. Medium–high-grade contact metamorphism spans all six tectonic phases while low-grade burial and/or orogenic metamorphism has been identified for four of the six phases. In contrast, exposure of high P/T eclogites and blueschists, and generation of sub-regional low P/T metamorphism is restricted to extensional phases of the orogen. Hallmarks of the orogen are two newly identified zones of HTLP metamorphism, the older of which extends for almost the entire length of the orogen.

1. KEY POINTS

2. The orogen is dominated by low-temperature rocks while high-temperature amphibolite to granulite facies rocks are restricted to small exposures in HTLP complexes and contact aureoles.

3. Blueschist metamorphism falls into two categories; that associated with subduction during the Currabubula-Connors continental arc phase occurring at depths of ～13–30?km; and the other of Cambrian–Ordovician age, exposed within a serpentinite melange and associated with blocks of eclogite. The eclogite, initially from depths of ～75–90?km, appears to have been entrained in the deep crust for an extended period of geological time.

4. A comprehensive review of contact metamorphism in the orogen is lacking and as studies on low-grade metamorphism are more extensive in the southern part of the orogen than the north, this highlights a second research gap.

  相似文献   

福建平潭-东山变质带夕线石榴云母片岩中两期变质作用的岩相学证据及其构造意义   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

陈斌 《岩石学报》1997,13(3):380-394

通过对福建沿海平潭－东山变质带中夕线石榴云母片岩的岩相学和变质作用特征的研究，讨论了该区变质作用的演化历史，为地质学家建立该区乃至整个东南部的构造演化模式提供科学的依据。研究表明，石榴夕线云母片岩实际上是两期变质作用叠加的产物，其中的石榴石、夕线石和黑云母等是第一期变质作用的产物，代表古老变质基底（泥质）的残余，而白云母和大部分石英（白云母石英片岩）则是在第二期变质作用（中生代区域变质）期间由前述变质基底改造而成。也就是说，在人们熟知的绿片岩相－低角闪岩相区域变质作用之前，还曾发生一期更高级的变质作用。第一期变质作用的条件为Ｐ＝０．５５～０．６２ＧＰａ，Ｔ＝６９２℃～７１７℃，达高角闪岩相；第二期变质作用在本区影响最大，并形成递增变质带，变质作用的温度和压力范围分别是Ｐ＝０．２～０．５ＧＰａ，Ｔ＝４００℃～５６０℃，属中低级变质。早期高级变质残余的发现使我们不得不重新考虑福建沿海变质带的变质演化与构造演化的过程。  相似文献   

东乡瑶圩—余江马荃地区斜长角闪岩特征及其地质意义   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

邓国辉 《江西地质科技》1997,(1)

本文详细论述了东乡—余江斜长角闪岩的地质特征、岩石特征、岩石化学、地球化学特征及同位素年代学研究,并就其形成构造环境作了初步探讨。  相似文献   

闽北麻源群斜长角闪岩中锆石的成因矿物学研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

鲍学昭  甘晓春 《岩石矿物学杂志》1996,15(1):73-79

本文通过透射显微镜、电子探针和喇曼光谱微区分析，对福建建阳县麻源群大金山组斜长角闪岩中两组锆石进行了成因学研究。结果表明，第一组年龄为２３００Ｍａ±的锆石为岩浆成因锆石，它们结晶于原岩的形成过程中；第二组年龄为４００Ｍａ±的锆石为变质重结晶锆石，它们结晶于后期的变质事件过程中。本文总结了它们的矿物学特征。  相似文献   

桂东南云开岩群斜长角闪岩的变质作用PT轨迹及其动力学意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

覃小锋  王核  钟锋运  周府生  胡贵昂  李广宁  谢凌锋  周开华  潘艺文 《大地构造与成矿学》2007,31(2):234-244

桂东南中新元古界云开岩群是一套中浅变质岩系,并形成一系列绿片岩相-角闪岩相的递增变质带,通过对云开岩群角闪岩相变质带(十字石-蓝晶石带)中斜长角闪岩变质作用的PT轨迹的系统研究显示,其包括了由早期绿片岩相变质阶段(M1)→峰期角闪岩相变质阶段(M2)→近等温降压变质阶段(M3)→近等压降温变质阶段(M4)→晚期绿片岩相退变质阶段(M5)五个阶段的顺时针PT演化轨迹,其地质动力学过程属于典型的板块俯冲碰撞→抬升模式,表明云开地块北缘造山带的地质构造演化经历了俯冲碰撞及碰撞后的快速抬升过程。  相似文献   

Experimental studies on elastic and rheological properties of amphibolites at high pressure and high temperature     

黄晓葛  白武明  胡健民 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2003,46(12):1212-1222

The experimental studies done at high temperature and high pressure find that increased temperature can lead to dramatic velocity and strength reductions of most of rocks at high confining pressure[1,2]. What causes this phenomenon? Is it due to dehydrati…  相似文献   

Ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic records hidden in zircons from amphibolites in Sulu Terrane, eastern China   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

Fulai Liu  Zeming Zhang  Ikuo Katayama  Zhiqin Xu  Shigenori Maruyama 《Island Arc》2003,12(3):256-267

Abstract The amphibolites occur sporadically as thin layers and blocks throughout the Sulu Terrane, eastern China. All analyzed amphibolite from outcrop and drill cores from prepilot drill hole CCSD‐PP1 and CCSD‐PP2, Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Project in the Sulu Terrane, are retrograded eclogites overprinted by amphibolite‐facies retrograde metamorphism, with characteristic mineral assemblages of amphibole + plagioclase + epidote ± quartz ± biotite ± ilmenite ± titanite. However, coesite and coesite‐bearing ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) mineral assemblages are identified by Raman spectroscopy and electron microprobe analysis as inclusions in zircons separated from these amphibolites. In general, coesite and other UHP mineral inclusions are preserved in the cores and mantles of zircons, whereas quartz inclusions occur in the rims of the same zircons. The UHP mineral assemblages consist mainly of coesite + garnet + omphacite + rutile, coesite + garnet + omphacite, coesite + garnet + omphacite + phengite + rutile + apatite, coesite + omphacite + rutile and coesite + magnesite. Compositions of analyzed mineral inclusions are very similar to those of matrix minerals from Sulu eclogites. These UHP mineral inclusion assemblages yield temperatures of 631–780°C and pressures of ≥2.8 × 10³ MPa, representing the P–T conditions of peak metamorphism of these rocks, which are consistent with those (T = 642–726°C; P ≥ 2.8 × 10³ MPa) deduced from adjacent eclogites. These data indicate that the amphibolites are the retrogressive products of UHP eclogites.  相似文献   

Petrology of Whiteschists and Associated Rocks at Mautia Hill (Tanzania): Fluid Infiltration during High-Grade Metamorphism?   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

JONS  NIELS; SCHENK  VOLKER 《Journal of Petrology》2004,45(10):1959-1981

Talc–kyanite schists (whiteschists), magnesiohornblende–kyanite–talc–quartzschists and enstatite–sapphirine–chlorite schistsoccur at Mautia Hill in the East African Orogen of Tanzania.They are associated with metapelites and garnet–clinopyroxene–quartzmetabasites. Geobarometry (GASP/GADS equilibria) applied tothe latter two rock types indicates a peak pressure of P = 10–11kbar. These results are confirmed by the high fO₂ assemblagehollandite–kyanite–quartz and late-stage manganianandalusite that contains up to 19·5 mol. % Mn₂SiO₅. Maximumtemperatures of T = 720°C are inferred from late-stage yoderite+ quartz. A clockwise P–T evolution is constrained byprograde kyanite inclusions in metapelitic garnet and late-stagereaction rims of cordierite between green yoderite and talcthat reflect conditions at least 3–4 kbar below the peakpressure. Oxidizing conditions are recorded throughout the metamorphichistory of the whiteschists and chlorite schists, as indicatedby the presence of haematite coexisting with pseudobrookiteand/or rutile. Increasing water activity near peak pressuresis thought to have led to the breakdown of the high-pressureassemblages (Tlc–Ky–Hem and Mg-Hbl–Ky–Hem)and the subsequent formation of certain uncommon minerals, e.g.yellow sapphirine, Mn–andalusite, green and purple yoderite,piemontite and boron-free kornerupine. The proposed increasein water activity is attributed to fluid infiltration resultingfrom the devolatilization of underlying sediments during metamorphism. KEY WORDS: fluid infiltration; high-pressure amphibolite facies; East African Orogen; Pan-African; whiteschist  相似文献   

西昆仑造山带中巴公路段石榴角闪岩形成的变质地质过程   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

任留东  陈炳蔚 《地球学报》2003,24(3):219-224

西昆仑中巴公路剖面上多处产出石榴黑云角闪片岩、帘石石榴角闪岩和含榴斜长角闪片岩，即石榴角闪岩。不论在宏观尺度还是在微观尺度上中级变质的石榴角闪岩均可与较低级变质的黑云母—绿帘石—绿泥片岩呈条带状相间排列。通过野外岩石组合—构造变形的观察，结合室内岩石结构、变质组合和反应关系的分析，认为该区石榴角闪岩的形成与较低级变质基础上的局部变质叠加有关，这种叠加在构造活动的中心部位最为显著，石榴角闪岩的产出表明变质已达高角闪岩相。石榴子石—角闪石—斜长石的形成与一定程度上的流体活动密切相关，当流体挥发分组分活动强烈时，石榴子石不出现，而代之以单斜辉石—方柱石—斜长石组合。在组分活性方面，镁铁质组分比长英质组分的活动更为明显。石榴角闪岩的原岩既可以是基性岩，如玄武岩或辉长岩，也可以是沉积岩如杂砂岩。  相似文献