2020年西藏改则3次5级以上地震总结   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王月  解孟雨  姜祥华  姚琪  苑争一  黎明晓  薛艳 《地震地磁观测与研究》2020,41(3):174-183

系统总结2020年2月—3月西藏改则3次5级以上地震发生前出现的地震活动性和地球物理观测异常,结果如下：①地震活动性：震前存在地震发生率异常;②地球物理观测：3次地震震中500 km范围内无观测台站分布,地球物理场观测能力较弱;③综合方法：识别出W_q值异常。3次改则地震均位于可可西里至唐古拉地区,其中2月21日5.0级地震位于羌塘地块北缘,而3月10日5.0级和3月12日5.1级地震位于羌塘地块南缘,且3月的2次地震相距约5 km,构成震群型序列。对3次5级以上地震序列的跟踪发现,2月21日改则5.0级地震序列主要分布在向阳湖—布若错断裂南侧发育的一条NNE走向的小断裂上,余震较少,震后40天内共发生8次M_L 2.0以上地震,主震震源机制为张性破裂;3月10日5.0级和3月12日5.1级地震震源机制均为走滑型,余震序列丰富,主要分布在多条构造的延伸区域,计算得到序列h值为0.58,b值为0.88。综合分析认为,改则3次5级以上地震前地震活动异常较少,主要为具有中期意义的异常,综合方法的异常识别主要为后续强震的地点判定提供依据。  相似文献   

The demographics of energy and mobility poverty: Assessing equity and justice in Ireland,Mexico, and the United Arab Emirates     

《Global Environmental Change》2023

Energy and mobility poverty limits people’s choices and opportunities and negatively impinges upon structural economic and social welfare patterns. It also hampers the ability of planners to implement more equitable and just decarbonization pathways. Research has revealed that climate policies have imposed a financial burden on low-income and other vulnerable groups by increasing food and energy prices, leading as well to global inequality. Similarly, researchers have warned that in developing countries, emission mitigation policies could increase poverty rates and even frustrate progress towards universal access to clean energy. This research explores whether low-income social groups experience a 'double energy vulnerability', a situation that simultaneously positions people at heightened risk of transport and energy poverty. We investigate this 'double vulnerability' through original data collection via three nationally representative surveys of Mexico (N = 1,205), the United Arab Emirates (N = 1,141), Ireland and Northern Ireland (N = 1,860). We draw from this original data to elaborate on the sociodemographic attributes, expenditure and behaviour emerging from energy and transport use, focusing on themes such as equity, behaviour and vulnerability. We propose energy and transport poverty indexes that allow us to summarize the key contributing factors to energy and transport poverty in the countries studied and uncover a strong correlation between these two salient forms of poverty. Our results suggest that energy and transport poverty are common issues regardless of the very different national, and even sub-national, contexts. We conclude that energy and transport poverty requires target policy interventions suitable for all segments of society, thus enabling contextually-tailored, just energy transitions.  相似文献