由地震背景噪声提取介质衰减:衰减介质中的空间相干表示          下载免费PDF全文

王凯明  鲁来玉  刘庆华 《地球物理学报》2016,59(9):3237-3247

传统基于地震背景噪声互相关的层析成像技术,主要利用了互相关函数的相位信息,即利用走时来反演地球介质的速度和各向异性特征.最近,开始有研究人员利用互相关函数的振幅信息提取介质的衰减.主要是将二维弹性情形下,互相关函数正比于第一类零阶贝塞尔函数J_0(k_0r)这一结论,通过引入指数衰减系数,直接推广到衰减介质情形,令衰减介质中背景噪声互相关函数类比于J_0(k_0r)·e~(-α(ω)r),以此来反演介质的衰减系数α.然而,在衰减介质中,互相关受源的方位平均的影响,这种简单的推广,可能无法提取可靠的衰减系数.本文基于平面波的叠加模型,研究不同的互相关定义和坐标选择下,衰减介质中两点间互相关函数的理论表达式.结果表明,在平面波叠加模型下,互相关函数的表达形式随着坐标原点的选择,并因而随着源分布的变化而变化,对不同的归一化因子,表达式也不尽相同.利用J_0(k_0r)·e~(-α(ω)r)的形式拟合背景噪声的观测数据得到的衰减比实际值偏小.  相似文献   

新疆地震台网对新疆呼图壁大容量气枪震源信号的接收能力及其影响因素分析   总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0  

苏金波  王琼  王海涛  史勇军  陈向军  冯磊  陈昊  张文秀 《中国地震研究》2016,30(3):326-332

利用新疆地震台网资料和功率谱密度法,以台站噪声的功率谱密度中值曲线作为评估台站噪声水平的依据,对6个台站的噪声水平进行了评估。对比不同台站的功率谱密度和气枪震源信号的识别情况发现,通过2000次叠加,可以识别气枪震源信号的台站的噪声水平均低于无法识别气枪震源的台站,噪声功率谱密度最大差值为40dB,最小差值15dB。最后通过对噪声水平的评估,判断部分台站无法识别气枪震源信号的主要原因是台站噪声水平较高造成的。  相似文献   

Surface nuclear magnetic resonance signals recovery by integration of a non‐linear decomposition method with statistical analysis          下载免费PDF全文

Reza Ghanati  Mohammad Kazem Hafizi  Mahdi Fallahsafari 《Geophysical Prospecting》2016,64(2):489-504

Presence of noise in the acquisition of surface nuclear magnetic resonance data is inevitable. There are various types of noise, including Gaussian noise, spiky events, and harmonic noise that affect the signal quality of surface nuclear magnetic resonance measurements. In this paper, we describe an application of a two‐step noise suppression approach based on a non‐linear adaptive decomposition technique called complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition in conjunction with a statistical optimization process for enhancing the signal‐to‐noise ratio of the surface nuclear magnetic resonance signal. The filtering procedure starts with applying the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition method to decompose the noisy surface nuclear magnetic resonance signal into a finite number of intrinsic mode functions. Afterwards, a threshold region based on de‐trended fluctuation analysis is defined to identify the noisy intrinsic mode functions, and then the no‐noise intrinsic mode functions are used to recover the partially de‐noised signal. In the second stage, we applied a statistical method based on the variance criterion to the signal obtained from the initial phase to mitigate the remaining noise. To demonstrate the functionality of the proposed strategy, the method was evaluated on an added‐noise synthetic surface nuclear magnetic resonance signal and on field data. The results show that the proposed procedure allows us to improve the signal‐to‐noise ratio significantly and, consequently, extract the signal parameters (i.e., and V₀) from noisy surface nuclear magnetic resonance data efficiently.  相似文献   

Risk formulation for the sonic effects of offshore wind farms on fish in the EU region   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ryunosuke Kikuchi 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(2):172-177

In 2007, European leaders agreed to source 20% of their energy needs from renewable energy; since that time, offshore wind farms have been receiving attention in the European Union (EU). In 2008, the European Community submitted a proposal to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) in order to combat marine noise pollution. In consideration of these facts, the present paper aims to deduce a preliminary hypothesis and its formulation for the effect of offshore wind farm noise on fish. The following general picture is drawn: the short-term potential impact during pre-construction; the short-term intensive impact during construction; and the physiological and/or masking effects that may occur over a long period while the wind farm is in operation. The EU’s proposal to UNEP includes noise databases that list the origins of man-made sounds; it is advisable that offshore wind farms should be listed in the noise databases in order to promote rational environment management.  相似文献   

Assessing the responses of coastal cetaceans to the construction of offshore wind turbines     

Paul M. Thompson  David Lusseau  Dave Simmons  Helen Bailey 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(8):1200-1208

The expansion of offshore renewables has raised concerns over potential disturbance to coastal cetaceans. In this study, we used passive acoustic monitoring to assess whether cetaceans responded to pile-driving noise during the installation of two 5 MW offshore wind turbines off NE Scotland in 2006. Monitoring was carried out at both the turbine site and a control site in 2005, 2006 and 2007. Harbour porpoises occurred regularly around the turbine site in all years, but there was some evidence that porpoises did respond to disturbance from installation activities. We use these findings to highlight how uncertainty over cetacean distribution and the scale of disturbance effects constrains opportunities for B-A-C-I studies. We explore alternative approaches to assessing the impact of offshore wind farm upon cetaceans, and make recommendations for the research and monitoring that will be required to underpin future developments.  相似文献   

中国中东部地震台站噪声互相关函数中面波前驱信号的分析研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王伟涛  倪四道  王宝善 《地球物理学报》2012,55(2):503-512

利用中国中东部地震台网中430个宽频带台站2008和2009两年的垂直分量记录,我们计算了台站对之间的噪声互相关函数(Noise Cross-correlation Function,NCF).在相当多的NCF中,沿大圆路径传播的瑞利面波信号之前存在一个较强的前驱信号,该信号持续时间约50 s,频率范围为0.07~0.12 Hz.此信号在同一台站对的NCF中稳定存在、到时相同,而在不同台站对的NCF中到时不一致,这表明该信号可能源于一个固定的较小区域内持续存在的噪声源.基于格点搜索方法的定位结果显示该噪声源位于日本九州岛附近,其激发出的信号传播速度约2.7 km/s.假定该信号由一点产生,我们计算了合成地震图,合成地震图与观测到的前驱信号基本一致,验证了定位结果的可靠性.此噪声源会对特定路径上的面波信号产生干扰,在相关研究中需要采取一定措施避免.该噪声源的物理机制有待于进一步的研究.  相似文献   

Hilbert-Huang 变换与大地电磁噪声压制   总被引：32，自引：10，他引：22       下载免费PDF全文

汤井田  化希瑞  曹哲民  任政勇  段圣龙 《地球物理学报》2008,51(2):603-610

大地电磁信号具有非线性、非平稳、非最小相位特征,不符合以Fourier变换为基础的传统功率谱估计的基本要求. Hilbert-Huang变换是近年发展起来的处理非线性、非平稳信号的完全局部时频分析方法. 本文在简要介绍Hilbert-Huang变换基本原理与算法基础上,以实际数据分析为例,探讨了它在大地电磁信号处理及噪声压制中的应用. 提出利用Hilbert时-频能量谱对大地电磁信号进行时段筛选,以提高信号品质,增强数据处理的质量和资料的可解释性. 利用经验模态分解方法及其多尺度滤波特征,可以有效地分析MT信号中的噪声分布特征,并进行干扰压制.  相似文献