Natal site fidelity by breeding female southern elephant seals in relation to their history of participation in the winter haulout     

《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(3):373-382

Of the four types of terrestrial haulout periods undertaken by southern elephant seals Mirounga leonina, only the purpose of the winter haulout is unknown. Returning to a haulout site from distant pelagic foraging grounds bears significant costs in terms of increased energy expenditure, reduced foraging time and increased exposure to predation; therefore, each haulout must serve a purpose. We examined the hypothesis that the winter haulout serves to maintain familiarity with the natal site, thereby increasing site fidelity. To this end, we analysed a long-term mark-recapture dataset for female southern elephant seals at Marion Island, Southern Ocean. Results indicate that, whereas greater natal site fidelity as primiparous females was associated with recorded presence ashore at the study site during the winter haulout as immatures, this was not the case for multiparous females. Furthermore, recorded presence ashore during both the moult haulouts as immatures, and all haulouts as immatures, irrespective of haulout type, was also associated with increased site fidelity. This suggests that any haulout at the natal island as an immature seal, whether for the moult or winter haulout, assists in maintaining site fidelity. Therefore, while the winter haulout facilitates greater natal site fidelity, whether this is the sole reason for this terrestrial period remains uncertain.  相似文献   

我国五十年来海洋动物发育与 繁殖生物学的研究进展     

Zhang Zhifeng 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2000,30(Z1):92-98

我国在海洋动物发育与繁殖生 物学方面的研究是随着国民经济的迅速发展而起步的,并且在某些方面已取得了举世瞩目的 成就。作者着重对我国近50年来,海洋经济动物的发育和繁殖生物学研究作一综述。  相似文献   

石油开发污染物毒性监测的实验生物筛选Ⅱ.消油剂对水生动物的毒性比较   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

程树军  杨丰华  刘忠华  薛成  魏社林 《热带海洋学报》1999,(3)

用静水式试验方法比较了消油剂对斑节对虾Penaeusmonodon,罗氏沼虾Macrobrachiumrosenbergii,裸项栉虎鱼Ctenogobiusgymnachen和红剑鱼Xiphophorushelleri4种水生动物的急性毒性,并观察了消油剂浓度与水体溶解氧的相关性。结果表明：水体溶解氧与消油剂浓度明显呈负相关。消油剂对斑节对虾仔虾、红剑鱼、罗氏沼虾仔虾和裸项栉虎鱼的半数致死浓度分别为14．9,1725．0,2238.0和5861．4mg·L-1。对消油剂的敏感顺序由大至小为斑节对虾仔虾,红剑鱼,罗氏沼虾仔虾,裸项栉虎鱼。班节对虾仔虾和红剑鱼是监测消油剂生物毒性较为适宜的物种。  相似文献   

The fat of the land: a geography of oil and fat consumption     

D. Grigg 《GeoJournal》1999,48(4):259-268

Lipids – or oils and fats – have attracted much attention in nutrition and medical research because of their adverse effects upon health, but the geography of lipids has received very little notice. International differences in consumption can be calculated from the Food and Agriculture Organization's Food Balance Sheets. Consumption was very low in the early nineteenth century, but increased as incomes rose and more animal foods were consumed, whilst technical advances allowed the use of a wide range of vegetable oils per capita. Consumption of total lipids is greatest in North America, Europe, Australasia and temperate South America, lowest in Asia, reflecting differences in income, although other factors are important. The sources of animal and plant lipids are discussed and their changing relative importance over time is traced. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

天然沸石在畜禽饲养及粪便污染治理中的应用研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

韩成  叶大年  鲁安怀  姚光光  严永鑫  刘成国  唐军利  朱桂珍  韩玉璞 《岩石矿物学杂志》1999,18(4):340-347

在畜禽饲料中添加适量的河北省赤城所产的沸石矿粉,不仅可使肉蛋疸有所增加,提高饲料率,降低生产成本,而且可降低畜禽舍内的有害气体含量,改善饲养人员的劳动环境,并有僧于畜禽健康。采用人工干清粪、沸石－好氧细菌发酵治理畜禽粪便工艺,具有较大的技术和成本优势,可以改善饲养场的周边环境,对于水资源的保护和利用具有重要意义,为畜禽粪便的污染治理与商品化生产提供了新的途径。  相似文献   

Antibiotic Inhibition on Anaerobic Digestion of Animal Manure and Controlling Strategies: A Short Review     

Yuan Yang  Wenli Huang  Weiwei Huang 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2019,47(1)

  相似文献   

河南偃师二里头遗址1号巨型坑祭祀遗迹出土动物的饲养方式     

陈相龙  李志鹏  赵海涛 《第四纪研究》2020,(2):407-417

高度互动性的宗教祭祀与仪式性活动是早期复杂社会维持与强化社会治理常用的手段,通过对仪式性活动使用消耗性祭品(如动物牺牲)的考察则可为探讨精英阶层的影响力与控制力提供参考.鉴于此,本文从动物饲养方式入手,采用碳氮稳定同位素分析方法,对二里头宫殿区东北部1号巨型坑内祭祀遗迹出土的35例动物骨骼、1例人骨碎块以及年代相近的其他单位出土的骨骼遗存进行分析,并结合相关资料探讨仪式性动物的饲养方式及来源,为认识二里头社会复杂化进程提供参考.研究发现,祭祀遗迹出土猪的δ13 C值与 δ15N值变化范围均比较大,暗示二里头猪群的饲养方式个体间差异较大,且还存在个别野猪.与此同时,狗与牛的食物结构基本以C4类食物为食,羊则C3与C4植物兼食.对比发现,祭祀遗迹猪、狗与羊的食物结构与灰坑、地层等其他单位出土的同类家畜基本一致.值得注意的是,尽管两类遗迹的牛均呈现出对粟作农业的高度依赖,但巨型坑牛骨的 δ15N值却显著低于其他单位的牛骨.结合二里头遗址对周边较大地理范围内同时期聚落的控制力,我们认为以巨型坑猪为代表的家畜的食物结构的多样性,暗示了它们有着多元化的来源.与此同时,仪式性用牛是否被特殊饲养仍有待进一步探讨.我们的研究支持二里头遗址存在高度互动的宗教祭祀等仪式性活动,即二里头遗址宫殿区祭祀活动所用动物牺牲的来源可能与动物资源由周边地区向二里头遗址的输入有关,这对于我们认识王权在二里头遗址资源流通与宗教活动等方面的控制力具有重要意义.  相似文献   

Lipid residue analysis of ceramic vessels from the Liujiawa site of the Rui State (early Iron Age,north China)     

Bin Han  Zhanwei Sun  Jianrong Chong  Nanning Lyu  Huiyun Rao  Yimin Yang 《第四纪科学杂志》2022,37(1):114-122

  相似文献