藏南隆子县模麓温泉群水文地球化学特征及成因机制研究          下载免费PDF全文

周鹏  孙明露  张云辉  荣峰  达娃  万忠焱  刘恭喜  彭清华  胡华山  旦增  刘振峰 《沉积与特提斯地质》2023,43(2):322-339

藏南地区地热资源丰富,是喜马拉雅地热带的重要组成部分,有望成为新的地热资源开发靶区。本文以藏南桑日-错那活动构造带内模麓温泉群为研究对象,以水化学和氢氧氚同位素为研究方法,分析模麓温泉群的水岩作用、热储温度、补给来源及径流时间,揭示了地热水的成因机制。模麓地热水pH在6.6～7.2之间,TDS为1 908mg/L～2 326 mg/L,水化学类型以HCO3·Cl-Na型和HCO3·Cl-Na·Ca型为主。地热水中主要阴阳离子来源于硅酸盐矿物的溶解和少量地球深部物质。利用硅-焓方程法和硅-焓图解法计算的初始热储温度为198℃～256℃,冷水混入比例为68%～85%。此外,对地热水中的Li、B、F等微量元素分析得出,研究区温泉水中微量组分除来自水-岩作用外,应该还与深部流体的混入有关,且该地区的氢氧同位素特征表明地下水补给主要来源于大气降水,补给高程为5 652m～5 664m,模麓地热水中的氚含量<0.5TU,表明其地热水为老水,有更长的径流时间,为水-岩作用提供了充足的时间,而宿麦郎曲河水为新水,补给径流时间短。研究区地热水与围岩遮拉组砂板岩发生水-岩作用,进行离子交换作用,在地...  相似文献   

四川稻城地区温泉流体地球化学特征及地震活动性分析          下载免费PDF全文

王昱文  周晓成  何苗  天娇  李静超  董金元  颜玉聪  刘峰立  姚炳宇  曾召君  陈曲菲 《沉积与特提斯地质》2023,43(2):373-387

稻城地区位于青藏高原东南缘的川滇地块北部,为揭示该区域温泉流体地球化学特征以及其和地震活动性之间的关系,本次研究采集了稻城地区6个温泉的水样以及逸出气体样品。对温泉水中离子组分和浓度,温泉逸出气体组分及气体同位素进行了测试,得到以下认识。研究区温泉水化学类型主要为HCO₃-Na和HCO₃-Na·Ca型,通过阳离子温标估算热储温度在74℃～159℃之间,循环深度在2.2 km～5.0 km之间。温泉气体中CO₂主要是由储层中的碳酸盐岩受热分解或溶解产生的,氦来自幔源组分的比例较低,在0.4%～2.4%之间,研究区的温泉是由沿断裂带渗入的大气降水经地壳深部的热源加热形成的。在稻城地区,循环深度以及幔源气体贡献率等不同的温泉流体地球化学特征与地震活动性之间有很好的对应关系,并且研究区地震活动性要弱于周缘鲜水河断裂地区等深部流体上涌地区。同时在区域尺度上,未来位于断裂交汇部位的稻城仲堆温泉一带的地震活动性最值得关注。  相似文献   

Geographical Information System based assessment of spatiotemporal characteristics of groundwater quality of upland sub-watersheds of Meenachil River,parts of Western Ghats,Kottayam District,Kerala, India   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

H. Vijith  R. Satheesh 《Environmental Geology》2007,53(1):1-9

Hydrogeochemistry of groundwater in upland sub-watersheds of Meenachil river, parts of Western Ghats, Kottayam, Kerala, India was used to assess the quality of groundwater for determining its suitability for drinking and agricultural purposes. The study area is dominated by rocks of Archaean age, and Charnonckite is dominated over other rocks. Rubber plantation dominated over other types of the vegetation in the area. Though the study area receives heavy rainfall, it frequently faces water scarcity as well as water quality problems. Hence, a Geographical Information System (GIS) based assessment of spatiotemporal behaviour of groundwater quality has been carried out in the region. Twenty-eight water samples were collected from different wells and analysed for major chemical constituents both in monsoon and post-monsoon seasons to determine the quality variation. Physical and chemical parameters of groundwater such as pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), total hardness (TH), chloride (Cl), nitrate (NO₃) and phosphate (PO₄) were determined. A surface map was prepared in the ArcGIS 8.3 (spatial analyst module) to assess the quality in terms of spatial variation, and it showed that the high and low regions of water quality varied spatially during the study period. The influence of lithology over the quality of groundwater is negligible in this region because majority of the area comes under single lithology, i.e. charnockite, and it was found that the extensive use of fertilizers and pesticides in the rubber, tea and other agricultural practices influenced the groundwater quality of the region. According to the overall assessment of the basin, all the parameters analysed are below the desirable limits of WHO and Indian standards for drinking water. Hence, considering the pH, the groundwater in the study area is not suitable for drinking but can be used for irrigation, industrial and domestic purposes. The spatial analysis of groundwater quality patterns of the study area shows seasonal fluctuations and these spatial patterns of physical and chemical constituents are useful in deciding water use strategies for various purposes.  相似文献   

The hydrogeochemistry of the Lake Waco drainage basin,Texas   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S.?I.?DworkinEmail author 《Environmental Geology》2003,45(1):106-114

The origin of surface water chemistry in highly impacted drainage basins must be investigated on a drainage-basin scale if the causes of the pollution are to be elucidated. This study characterizes and deciphers the surface water chemistry of a nutrient polluted river system in central Texas. Four tributaries of the Lake Waco reservoir were chemically characterized temporally and spatially in order to gain a complete understanding of the nature and origin of dissolved solids being transported into the lake. Temporal chemical variations measured at the base of each of the drainage basins are repetitive and seasonal. The most periodic and well-defined variation is exhibited by nitrate concentrations although many of the other solutes show seasonal changes as well. These temporal chemical changes are controlled by seasonal precipitation. During rainy seasons, the shallow aquifer is recharged resulting in stream discharge that is high in nitrate, calcium, and bicarbonate. When the shallow flow system is depleted in the summer, stream waters are dominated by deeper groundwater and become rich in sodium. Spatial variations in the chemistry of South Bosque surface waters were characterized using the snapshot technique. The spatial distribution of nitrate in surface waters is controlled by fertilizer application to row crops and the location of a munitions factory. The concentrations of naturally derived solutes such as Ca⁺, Na⁺, Cl^–, and SO₄^–2are controlled by underlying lithologies.  相似文献   

湖北江汉盆地潜江凹陷深层地下卤水水文地球化学研究   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

于升松 《盐湖研究》1994,2(1):6-17

潜江凹陷是我国东部的一较大型油盐沉积盆地．凹陷内的Ｑ组（渐新统）含盐系地层是一套内陆盐湖相沉积，其中不仅蕴藏着丰富的石油和固体盐类，而且卤水资源也十分丰富．卤水为高矿化度、高ＳＯ含量、低Ｃａ（２＋）、Ｍｇ（２＋）含量的硫酸盐型陆相古盐湖沉积卤水．卤水的ｐＨ值平均为５．６６，总矿化度平均为２８３．２５克／升．水盐体系主要为Ｎａ，Ｋ／／Ｃｌ，ＳＯ４－Ｈ２Ｏ，古卤水水化学类型为Ｎａ２ＳＯ４亚型．卤水中含近２８种化学成分，ＳＯ的平均含量达９６６５．８毫克／升，Ｃａ（２＋）和Ｍｇ（２＋）的平均含量才分别为８９９．４毫克／升和１７３．８毫克／升．Ｋ、Ｂ、Ｌｉ、Ｂｒ、Ｉ等的含量较大，Ｋ、Ｂ、Ｌｉ的含量随Ｃｌ浓度的增加而增加，Ｂｒ、Ｉ的含量随矿化度的增加而增加，随ＳＯ浓度的增加而减少．卤水中绝大多数离子的含量在沉积盆地浓缩中心区大，在理深较大的第四、五、六水层高．  相似文献   

Compilation of Groundwater Quality Map and study of hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater in Asia          下载免费PDF全文

YI Qing  GE Li-qiang  CHENG Yan-pei  DONG Hua  LIU Kun  ZHANG Jian-kang  YUE Chen 《地下水科学与工程》2015,3(2):176-185

The groundwater quality map is among a series of Asian groundwater environment maps, which has been compiled and is about to be published. The article introduces the central theme and main content of the map, evaluates the method applied for groundwater quality gradation, and discusses hydrogeochemical characteristics of Asian groundwater. The distribution of water quality is investigated through the data collection of selected elements; hydrogeochemical characteristics are demonstrated via the analysis of elements’ allocation in horizontal and vertical zones; whilst the groundwater quality is evaluated by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP).  相似文献   

Processes of hydrogeochemical evolution of groundwater in the Guanzhong Basin,China          下载免费PDF全文

ZHANG Chun-chao  WANG Wen-Ke  SUN Yi-bo  LI Xiang-quan  HOU Xin-wei 《地下水科学与工程》2015,3(2):136-146

This paper analyzed regional hydrogeochemical evolution characteristics of groundwater with respect to hydrogeological conditions in the Guanzhong Basin, China. Coefficient variation in the subregion between the Shichuan River and Luo River of the Guanzhong Basin is larger than other subregions, reflecting the more complicated hydrogeological conditions of this subregion. The hydrochemical components and hydrodynamic conditions of this area have distinct horizontal zoning characteristics, and hydrodynamic conditions play a controlling role in the groundwater’s hydrochemistry. The relationship between ions, and between ions and TDS (total dissolved solids) can give an indication of many charteristics of grounwater such as evaporation intensity, ion exchange, and the sources of chemical components. Results indicated that for the coefficient of variation (the coefficient of variation is a statistical measure of the distribution or dispersion of data around mean. This measure is used to analyze the difference of spread in the data relative to the mean value. Coefficient of variation is derived by dividing the standard deviation by the mean), the minimum value of pH parameters is 0.03-0.07, the minimum value of HCO3- parameters is 0.24, while the maximum is the SO42- coefficinet at 1.67. A PHREEQC simulation demonstrated that different simulation paths roughly have the same trend in dissolution and precipitation of minerals. Along the direction of groundwater flow, the predminant precipitation is of calcite and gypsum and the cation exchange of Na+ and Ca2+ in some paths. However, in other paths, the precipitation of calcite and dissolution of gypsum and dolomite are the main actions, as well as the exchange of Mg2+ and Ca2+ in addition to Na+ and Ca2+.  相似文献   

Hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater from the two main aquifers in the Red River Delta,Vietnam     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2014

In the Red River Delta, situated in the northern part of Vietnam, nearly its entire population depends solely on groundwater for daily water consumptions. For this reason, groundwater quality assessments must be carefully carried out using hydrogeochemical properties, to ensure effective groundwater resource planning for the Delta’s present and future groundwater use. In this study, the spatial and seasonal changes in the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater in the two main aquifers of the RRD were investigated by analyzing the physicochemical data obtained in 2011 from 31 conjunctive wells in the Delta’s Holocene unconfined aquifer (HUA) and Pleistocene confined aquifer (PCA) using the Piper diagram and the Gibbs diagram. Results of the data analysis show that the groundwater in both aquifers in the upstream area of the delta is dominated by the [Ca²⁺–HCO₃⁻] water-type, while the [Na⁺–Cl⁻] dominates along the middle-stream and downstream areas. Seasonal changes in the hydrogeochemical facies in both aquifers, comparing the results for the dry and the rainy seasons, were detected in about one third of the sampling wells, which were mainly located at the upstream portion of the Delta. The hydrogeochemical facies of HUA were different from that of PCA by about 45% of the sampling wells in both the dry and the rainy seasons, which were found mostly in the upstream and middle-stream areas.  相似文献   

Analysis of the distribution of inorganic constituents in a landfill leachate-contaminated aquifer: Astrolabe Park,Sydney, Australia     

L.?B.?JorstadEmail author  J.?Jankowski  R.?I.?Acworth 《Environmental Geology》2004,46(2):263-272

An investigation was conducted at Astrolabe Park landfill, a decommissioned municipal landfill in Sydney, Australia, to assess the physical and chemical processes affecting the distribution of inorganic constituents in the leachate plume. The plume is migrating from the landfill towards a groundwater-fed pond into which leachate-impacted groundwater discharges. Borehole geophysical logging and depth-discrete groundwater sampling were used to delineate the distribution of the leachate plume along two groundwater flow paths between the landfill and the shore of the pond. Borehole geophysical logs indicate a strong correlation between bulk and fluid electrical conductivity (EC) values, and help to identify small-scale heterogeneities that comprise a major constraint on contaminant transport within the aquifer. Variations in the distribution of several indicator parameters (EC, HCO₃^–, pH, Eh, NH₄⁺/NO₃^–, S^2–/SO₄^2–) are used to assess the dominant processes affecting contaminant distribution along the flow path, including mixing of fresh and contaminated groundwater, oxidation/reduction reactions and ion exchange.  相似文献   

Chemical composition of low temperature (<20–40 °C) thermal waters in Slovenia     

Polona?KraljEmail author 《Environmental Geology》2004,46(5):635-642

Low-temperature thermal waters (<20–40 °C) from Mesozoic carbonate formations of Outer and Inner Dinarides which outcrop along the margins of small Tertiary basins, are characterised by low content (commonly <500 mg/l) of total dissolved solids and the dominance of calcium-(magnesium) bicarbonate hydrogeochemical facies. Trace elements occur in the ppb to ppt range, and can be substantially enriched in carbon dioxide-rich thermomineral waters. Contacts of thermal waters with clastic sediments affect the abundance of many trace elements, like B, Ni, Mn, Fe, Se, Sr, Ba, REE and Th. The U/Th ratios are commonly very high for the waters from carbonate aquifers, although the U abundance is in the range of some ppb. The influence of clastic sediments is reflected in an increased abundance of Th, and therefore much lower U/Th ratio. Some waters are rich in strontium (over 1 ppm), which probably originates from aragonite in Cretaceous carbonate rocks.  相似文献