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21.
AbstractWith the land-based resources depleting faster, effective exploration and sustained harvesting of the Ocean resources, taking into account the economic growth, social needs and the health of the Ocean environment is essential. India with a 7600?km long coastline and an exclusive economic zone of 2.3 million km2 and spear heading the blue economic growth and security of all the countries in the Indian Ocean region have initiated policies for leveraging the growth of the Indian economy through the blue economy. The paper discusses the strategic technology developments undertaken in India by the National Institute of Ocean Technology-Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India for the harvesting of the living and non-living blue economic resources, and for protecting the ocean ecosystems. 相似文献
22.
A. Antony Ravindran 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2013,54(12):1529-1538
Groundwater is a very important component of water resources in coastal aquifers in Thoothukudi. It has been established that the groundwaters in the coastal zone of the Zirconium Complex, Pazhayakayal, Thoothukudi district, Tamilnadu, India, are subjected to wave and tidal impact. The groundwater quality was studied by hydrogeological methods, 2D electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) techniques (six profiles), 11 Wenner vertical electrical sounding (VES), and well log analysis. Also, nine geochemical water samples were taken from the study area. The 2D ERI and VES surveys were carried out using WGMD-4 Ltd., Chennai, resistivity meter, multicore cable, and multielectrodes with Wenner array. The collected resistivity data were interpreted using the Res2DINV software. The research shows that the groundwaters are the result of the paleoriver flow along the Tamirabarani Channel in the western area and of the seawater intrusion in the eastern area. The fresh water is characterized by resistivity of about 10–100 Ohm?m in the study area. The resistivity of 10–50 Ohm?m indicates that the subsurface section is made up of sand, clay, and caliche. Resistivity values of more than 200 Ohm?m are specific to sand dunes. The very low resistivity (<5 Ohm?m) layer might be due to the seawater intrusion in the study area. Six water samples from the well drilled in the coastal area were analyzed, which made it possible to determine the concentrations of major and trace elements in the groundwaters. These data were used to establish the seawater intrusion and coastal environment characteristics in the study area. 相似文献
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24.
The up-down asymmetry of the type I plasma waves in the equatorial electrojet region during daytime is investigated. It is shown that the asymmetry is exhibited not only in the vertical direction but also is manifested in the oblique direction (24.6° off zenith). The results further indicate the effect of neutral winds on the phase velocities of type I plasma waves. 相似文献
25.
Praveena Krishnan P. K. Kunhikrishnan S. Muraleedharan Nair Sudha Ravindran Radhika Ramachandran D. B. Subrahamanyam M. Venkata Ramana 《Journal of Earth System Science》2004,113(3):353-363
This paper discusses the observations of the Atmospheric Surface Layer (ASL) parameters during the solar eclipse of August
11th, 1999. Intensive surface layer experiments were conducted at Ahmedabad (23‡21′N, 72‡36′E), the western part of India,
which was close to the totality path. This rare event provided by nature is utilised to document the surface layer effects
during the eclipse period using measurements of high frequency fluctuations of temperature, tri-axial wind components as well
as mean parameters such as temperature, humidity, wind speed and subsoil temperature. Analysis showed that during the eclipse
period, the turbulence parameters were affected leading to the suppression of the turbulence process, the main dynamic process
in the atmospheric boundary layer, while the mean parameters showed variations within the natural variability of the observational
period. The spectra of the wind components and temperature indicated decrease in spectral power by one order in magnitude
during the eclipse period. The rate of dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy is found to decrease by more than one order
during the eclipse period. The stability parameter showed a change from unstable to stable condition during the period of
eclipse and back to unstable condition by the end of eclipse 相似文献
26.
C. A. Reddy Sudha Ravindran K. S. Viswanathan B. V. Krishna Murthy D. R. K. Rao T. Araki 《Annales Geophysicae》1994,12(6):565-573
A 54.95-MHz coherent backscatter radar, an ionosonde and the magnetometer located at Trivandrum in India (8.5○N, 77○E, 0.5○N dip angle) recorded large-amplitude ionospheric fluctuations and magnetic field fluctuations associated with a Pc5 micropulsation event, which occurred during an intense magnetic storm on 24 March 1991 (Ap=161). Simultaneous 100-nT-level fluctuations are also observed in the H-component at Brorfelde, Denmark (55.6○N gm) and at Narsarsuaq, Greenland (70.6○N gm). Our study of the above observations shows that the E-W electric field fluctuations in the E- and F-regions and the magnetic field fluctuations at Thumba are dominated by a near-sinusoidal oscillation of 10 min during 1730–1900 IST (1200-1330 UT), the amplitude of the electric field oscillation in the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) is 0.1-0.25 mV m−1 and it increases with height, while it is about 1.0 mV m−1 in the F-region, the ground-level H-component oscillation can be accounted for by the ionospheric current oscillation generated by the observed electric field oscillation in the EEJ and the H-component oscillations at Trivandrum and Brorfelde are in phase with each other. The observations are interpreted in terms of a compressional cavity mode resonance in the inner magnetosphere and the associated ionospheric electric field penetrating from high latitudes to the magnetic equator. 相似文献
27.
Rajeev Sharma M Jayaraman SR Oza A Ravindran M Maruthachalam JS Parihar 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1993,21(4):199-207
In the present study an attempt has been made to estimate acreage and condition of tea plantations by using satellite based digital remotely sensed data in visible, near infra-red and middle infra-red spectral regions, in the Nilgiri district of Tamilnadu state. Landsat MSS and TM data, acquired on Dec. 26, 1990 were used in the analysis, Different spectral band combinations, Landsat MSS (1234), TM (1234), TM (2345) and TM (123457) were used for identification of tea plantations. District-boundary-overlaying approach with complete enumeration of digital data was used for estimation of tea acreages. Condition assessment of tea plantations is based on the Greenness Index. Use of Landsat MSS data resulted in an underestimation of area under tea whereas the acreages estimated by using TM spectral band combinations 1234 and 2345 compared closely with the estimates of Department of Horticulture (DOH). The distribution pattern of various condition classes of tea plantations compared well with the prevailing ground conditions as observed during post-classification field survey in September 1992 in the district. 相似文献
28.
MAPPING OF OPHIOLITES IN THE INDUS-SUTURE ZONE OF NORTHWESTERN HIMALAYA, USING SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING DATA 相似文献
29.
S. K. Gupta J. Christiansen Y. Hayashi A. Jain P. K. Mohanty K. C. Ravindran B. Satyanarayana 《Experimental Astronomy》2013,35(3):507-526
Arrival time of particles in an extensive air shower (EAS) is a key physical parameter to determine its direction. EAS direction is useful for studies of anisotropy and composition of cosmic rays, and search for multi-TeV γ-rays sources. Accurate timing may be used to search exotic phenomena such as production of new particles at extremely high energies available during early stages of development of EAS and also for detecting sub-relativistic hadrons in EAS. Time to digital converters (TDCs) are used to perform this task. Traditional TDCs operate in the START-STOP mode with limited dynamic range and single-hit capability. With the advent of high luminosity collider LHC, need for TDCs with large dynamic range, multi-hit capability and TRIGGERED mode of operation became necessary. A 32 channel TDC was designed for the GRAPES-3 experiment on a CAMAC platform around TDC32, an ASIC developed by micro-electronics group at CERN, Geneva. Four modules were operated in the GRAPES-3 experiment. Here, we present details of the circuit design and their performance over several years. The multi-hit feature of this device was used to study the time structure of particles in the EAS on time scale of ~1 μs. The distribution of time intervals in the multi-hit data shows an exponential profile with a time constant of ~370 ns. These delayed particles are likely to be neutrons produced in the EAS core that were recorded in the scintillator detectors following the relativistic EAS front. 相似文献
30.
K. V. Ravindran 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1994,22(1):v-ix