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印度洋构造过程重建与成矿模式:西南印度洋洋中脊的启示 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
印度洋经历过复杂的构造演化,其中3次重大的三联点和洋中脊跃迁、板块重组对印度洋现今构造格局的形成具有重要影响。本文基于Gplates板块重建技术和古水深数据,并融合前人热点和年代学研究结果,重点探讨了120 Ma、90 Ma、84 Ma、65 Ma、40 Ma、24 Ma和15 Ma发生在印度洋的重大构造事件,讨论了这些构造事件在西南印度洋超慢速扩张脊构造特征上的关联,探讨了西南印度洋不同演化阶段的两种海底热液成矿模式,即早期热点-洋中脊相互作用相关的热点成矿模式和后期海洋核杂岩相关的湿点成矿模式。 相似文献
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多光谱遥感技术预测矿产资源的潜能——以蒙古国欧玉陶勒盖铜金矿床为例 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
建议把蚀变遥感异常作为一个新的找矿参数,文中讨论了蚀变遥感异常的地质基础和光谱前提。在矿床地质学和蚀变矿物光谱参数特征的基础上,编制了一张用于蚀变遥感异常提取及对其地质解释的表格。设计了从ETM+和ASTER数据中提取羟基蚀变矿物组合信息的独特流程方案。这个方案称之为"去干扰异常主分量门限化技术",文中示以简化的流程图。ETM+数据用来研究位于欧玉陶勒盖铜金矿床东北部的汉保各德中酸性火成杂岩体岩性特征,ASTER近红外和短波红外数据用来提取欧玉陶勒盖斑岩铜金矿矿床及其近区的羟基异常,通过选择性主分量分析判断欧玉陶勒盖铜金矿矿床的矿床类型为斑岩型。已知矿区各矿体的羟基异常都十分清晰,此外在矿床西部还发现了三个新的有希望的羟基异常。此工作进一步展示出多光谱遥感技术对于金属矿床的预测具有极好的潜能。 相似文献
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西南印度洋中脊海底热液活动 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在超慢速扩张的西南印度洋中脊(SWIR)发现现代海底热液活动改变了人们的传统观点,有助于进一步深化时全球热液活动系统的认识.对西南印度洋中脊地质构造背景、玄武岩和超镁铁质岩的地球化学特征,以及热液活动的特点进行较为系统地分析.指出:独特的地质构造环境使西南印度洋中脊成为研究现代海底热液活动、地球圈层问相互作用所导致的物... 相似文献
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含明矾石蚀变岩帽是斑岩-浅成低温热液成矿系统顶部的标志性蚀变,但关于其找矿指向性矿物——明矾石的特征系统地研究不够,特别是如何通过明矾石矿物学特征有效判断蚀变岩帽下伏的成矿潜力,是目前的难题。中国东南沿海地区已探明了以紫金山金-铜矿床、大矾山蚀变岩帽为代表的多个大型斑岩-浅成低温矿床和含明矾石蚀变岩帽,是探讨该问题的理想对象。文章以大矾山蚀变岩帽（面积约8 km2）为研究对象,利用短波红外光谱、电子探针、X射线衍射等技术分析手段,开展明矾石的矿物组合、类型和波谱等方面研究。结果表明,大矾山蚀变岩帽主要蚀变矿物为石英、明矾石、叶腊石、地开石、高岭石、白云母及少量蒙脱石,具有蚀变分带特征,中间主要为石英-明矾石-地开石和地开石-叶腊石蚀变带,南部主要为白云母化-蒙脱石蚀变带,北部为高岭石-白云母蚀变带。研究区的明矾石全为钾质明矾石,按晶形可分为粒状、叶片状和纤维状3种类型,明矾石颗粒普遍发育环带,暗示其形成过程中流体具脉冲式特征。明矾石的短波红外特征吸收峰在1477.69~1479.98 nm之间,具有从东南向西北逐渐变大的趋势,反映出热源可能位于西北部。结合区域地质背景,笔者认为大矾山蚀变岩帽是典型的酸性蚀变岩帽,该区的西北部靠近热源中心,其深部沿断裂带具有寻找浅成低温热液铜（金）矿床的潜力。 相似文献
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The potential of the short-wave infrared (SWIR) bands to detect dry-season vegetation mass and cover fraction is investigated with ground radiometry and MODIS data, confronted to vegetation data collected in rangeland and cropland sites in the Sahel (Senegal, Niger, Mali). The ratio of the 1.6 and 2.1 μm bands (called STI) acquired with a ground radiometer proved well suited for grassland mass estimation up to 2500 kg/ha with a linear relation (r2 = 0.89). A curvilinear regression is accurate for masses ranging up to 3500 kg/ha. STI proved also well suited to retrieve vegetation cover fraction in crop fields, fallows and rangelands. Such dry-season monitoring, with either ground or satellite data, has important applications for forage, erosion risk and fire risk assessment in semi-arid areas. 相似文献
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Petrophysical characteristics of rocks and sulfides from the SWIR hydrothermal field 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
TAO Chunhui WU Tao JIN Xiaobing DOU Bingjun LI Huaiming ZHOU Jianping 《海洋学报(英文版)》2013,32(12):118-125
Study of petrophysical properties of rocks in seafioor hydrothermal fields has great significance for inves- tigation of seafloor hydrothermal activities, especially for polymetallic sulfides prospecting. In the present study, based on the current experimental conditions, we conducted systematic experiments to measure the magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity, porosity, density, as well as acoustic wave velocity of seafloor rocks and sulfides. Subsequently, we measured the physical characteristics of hydrothermal sulfides, basalts and peridotites which were collected from newly discovered seafloor hydrothermal fields at 49.6°E, 50.5°E, 5 1°E, 63.5°E, and 63.9°E of the Southwest Indian Ridge （SWIR）. Previously available and newly collected data were combined to characterize the physical differences between polymetallic sulfides and rocks. We also discussed the impact of hydrothermal alteration on the bedrock and demonstrated how these petrophysical properties of rocks can help in geophysical prospecting of seafloor hydrothermal fields as indicators. 相似文献
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玉龙斑岩铜矿晚期绢云母化、黏土化蚀变强烈叠加在早期的钾硅酸盐化带内,模糊了蚀变分带特征及其与铜矿化之间的相关性.利用短波红外光谱(SWIR)可快速识别斑岩铜矿床内含羟基蚀变矿物,根据该类矿物的空间分布特征与矿化的对应关系,指导找矿勘查工作.本文对玉龙铜矿床靠近斑岩体中心的三个钻孔进行了详细的蚀变-矿化编录和SWIR分析... 相似文献
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The Qulong deposit in Tibet is one of the largest porphyry copper-molybdenum deposits in China. We used short-wave infrared (SWIR) spectroscopy to examine the spectral characteristics of the extensively developed chlorite in this deposit. X-ray diffraction and electron microprobe analyses were used for phase identification and to obtain the chemical composition, ion substitution relationships, and formation environment of the chlorite. SWIR spectral parameters were applied to detect the hydrothermal centers. The results indicate that the wavelength of the absorption feature for Qulong chlorite Fe-OH (Pos2250) range from 2240 to 2268.4 nm; the chlorite substitution relationships are dominated by Mg-Fe substitution at the octahedral sites together with AlⅣ-Si substitution at the tetrahedral sites; the chlorite formation temperatures range within the medium-low temperature hydrothermal alteration range from 164 to 281°C, with an average value of 264°C; the wavelength of the chlorite peak position for Fe-OH (2250 nm) absorption and its chemical composition are positively correlated with AlⅥ, Fe + AlⅥ, Fe/(Fe + Mg), Fe, and Fe + AlⅣ but negatively correlated with Mg and Mg/(Fe + Mg); and the wavelength associated with the chlorite Fe-OH (2250 nm) absorption feature is positively correlated with the temperature at which the chlorite formed. These correlations indicate that more Fe and AlⅥ ions and fewer Mg ions at the octahedral sites of chlorite lead to a longer the wavelength of the chlorite Fe-OH (2250 nm) absorption feature and a higher chlorite formation temperature. The wavelength of the Qulong chlorite Fe-OH (2250 nm) absorption feature (>2252 nm) can thus serve as an exploration indicator to guide the detection of hydrothermal centers in porphyry copper deposits. The results of the study indicate that the mineralogical and SWIR spectral characteristics of chlorite are significant indicators for locating hydrothermal centers within porphyry deposits. 相似文献