焦家金矿选厂旋流器溢流产品工艺矿物学分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

胡海祥  范作鹏  牛桂强  刘洪澜  刘海龙  王攀志 《岩矿测试》2014,33(4):535-544

焦家金矿选矿厂目前的日处理量达12000吨/天,金回收率92%。选矿厂已将破碎段产品用双螺旋分级机洗矿,洗矿的矿泥产率为7%,矿泥单独浮选,整体工艺初步实现了泥砂分选。为进一步提高选金回收率,流程改造拟将磨矿-浮选系统的旋流器溢流产品二次分级,分级的次生矿泥与洗矿矿泥进入矿泥浮选系统一并浮选,为了掌握旋流器溢流产品的性质,本文采用偏光反光两用显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、红外光谱和差热分析等手段进行研究。研究结果表明矿物种类主要是金属硫化物和脉石矿物,金属硫化物约占4%,脉石约占96%,金属硫化物主要是黄铁矿(70.17%)和黄铜矿(16.27%),脉石主要是石英(47.12%)和长石(15.90%)。黄铁矿和石英是重要的载金矿物,黄铁矿含金65%,石英含金20%。颗粒越细,单体颗粒含量越高,连生体颗粒含量越少;颗粒越细,黄铁矿含量越高,Au、Ag分布率越高,-0.037 mm粒级中黄铁矿含量达到73.58%,Au、Ag占到47.99%和56.60%,金分配率与黄铁矿含量成正相关;粗粒级中未发现金颗粒,中等粒级中次显微金约占30%,细粒级中次显微金约40%,金粒径在2~10μm范围内;金形状有三角形、棱角状、小粒状、不规则状等。红外光谱与差热曲线研究发现颗粒越细矿物成分趋于复杂。研究结论为磨矿分级产生的次生矿泥浮选调控提供了依据,对矿泥浮选的药剂制度调控、浮选流程确定等具有重要实际意义。  相似文献   

Lipid Distribution in Marine Sediments from the Northern South China Sea and Association with Gas Hydrate     

OU Wenji  LEI Huaiyan  LU Wanjun  ZHANG Jie  SHI Chunxiao  GONG Chujun  HAN Chao 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(1):226-237

The distributions of lipids in surface and subsurface sediments from the northern South China Sea were determined. The n-alkanes were in bimodal distribution that is characterized by a centre at n-C16 –n-C20 with maximum at C18(or C19) and n-C27 –n-C31 as well as at C29(or C31). The short-chain alkanes suffered from significant losses due to their slow deposition in the water column, and their presence with a slight even carbon predominance in shallow seafloor sediments was ascribed mainly to the direct input from the benthos. The long-chain alkanes with odd predominance indicate transportion of terrigenous organic matter. Immature hopanoid biomarkers reflect the intense microbial activity for bacteria–derived organic matter and the gradual increase of maturity with burial depth. Abundant n-fatty acid methyl esters(n-FAMEs) that are in distributions coincident with fatty acids were detected in all samples. We proposed that the observed FAMEs originated from the methyl esterification of fatty acids; methanol production by methanotrophs and methanogenic archaea related to the anaerobic oxidation of methane, and sulfate reduction provided an O–methyl donor for methylation of fatty acids. The CH4 released from hydrate dissociation at oxygen isotope stage II of Cores ZD3 and ZS5, which had been confirmed by the occurrence of negative δ13C excursion and spherical pyrite aggregates, could have accelerated the above process and thus maximized the relative content of FAMEs at ZD3-2(400–420 cm depth) and ZS5-2(241–291 cm depth).  相似文献   

Successful Extraction of Low-Grade Ni–Co Ores from Ophiolite-Type Serpentinite by Chinese Experts     

HAO Ziguo  FEI Hongcai  HAO Qingqing  LIU Lian  and Susan TURNER 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(6):1916-1916

正Since the first discovery of the excellent performance of nickel-bearing iron alloys in 1889,scientists have developed3000 more kinds of nickel alloys,which still have an enormous market demand at present.However,the scarcity of global nickel ore resources has restricted economic development.In recent years,experts from the Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources have studied the comprehensive utilization technique of low-grade nickel ores from  相似文献   

酸碱滴定中精确计算pH值的通式及求解     

兰斌明 《地球科学与环境学报》1990,(4)

本文介绍一个适合于任何滴定体系中的精确计算氢离子浓度的通式,它涉及到三次、四次或五次方程的求解。借助于程序计算器或计算机,求解出方程能满足题意的唯一实根并不困难。将它存入计算机,绘制滴定曲线或计算溶液的pH值就更方便了。  相似文献   

Catalysed self-cleaning of air on the earth's surface     

G. Hultquist  P. Szakálos 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2006,55(2):131-146

Generally, it is assumed that UV-light, high temperature or reactive molecules like O₃ and OH are needed to activate gas reactions in air. In consequence, the catalytic activity on natural materials such as sand and soil on the earth's surface is assumed to be insignificant. We have measured O₂-dissociation rates on natural quartz sand at 40˚C and compared these with O₂-dissociation rates near 500˚C on materials with well-known catalytic activity. In terms of probabilities for dissociation of impinging O₂-molecules the measured rates are in the 10⁻¹²–10⁻⁴ range. We have also measured dissociation rates of H₂ and N₂, water-formation from H₂ and O₂ mixtures, exchange of N between N₂, NO _x and a breakdown of HNO₃, NO₂ and CH₄ on natural quartz sand at 40˚C. The measured rates together with an effective global land area have been used to estimate the impact of thermodynamically driven reactions on the earth's surface on the global atmospheric budgets of H₂, NO₂ and CH₄. The experimental data on natural quartz sand together with data from equilibrium calculations of air suggest that an expected increase in anthropogenic supply of air pollutants, such as NO _x or other “reactive” nitrogen compounds, hydrogen and methane, will be counter-acted by catalysis on the earth's surface. On the other hand, at Polar Regions and boreal forests where the “reactive” nitrogen concentration is below equilibrium, the same catalytic effect activates formation of bio-available nitrogen compounds from N₂, O₂ and H₂O.  相似文献   

Molecular characterization of dissolved black nitrogen via electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry     

《Organic Geochemistry》2015

Combustion produces a complex mixture of polycondensed aromatic compounds known as black carbon (BC). Such products can become remobilized from char and soil in the form of dissolved BC (DBC). Ultra-high resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI–FT-ICRMS) analysis of a variety of soil and char leachates showed that a significant proportion of DBC compounds contained one or more nitrogen atoms. While the presence of black nitrogen (DBN) in dissolved organic matter (DOM) has been reported, its molecular features were uncharacterized. Here we present results of FT-ICRMS characterization of DBN, where assigned formulae were validated on the basis on their ¹³C isotope signatures and fragmentation patterns obtained via collision induced dissociation. Possible chemical structures were assigned for several DBN formulae and suggest that nitrogen was incorporated into the core ring system as a pyrrole-type moiety. Most DBN compounds existed as part of homologous series where homologs differed by a mass corresponding to CO₂, suggesting that they were polysubstituted with carboxylic acid groups. The environmental contribution of such novel, aromatic, combustion-derived nitrogen compounds with respect to global nitrogen cycling remains elusive. The biogeochemical implications of the input of such fire-derived products to aquatic ecosystems as part of climate change therefore need to be assessed.  相似文献   

Thermal instability of gas hydrate bearing sediments: Some issues     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2015

The overall stability of marine strata holding gas hydrates is dependent on their shear strength characteristics. These characteristics, in turn, are dependent on thermal flux that is imposed for dissociation of the hydrates for the safe and efficient extraction of methane gas from the hydrate bearing sediments. Due to the imposition of thermal flux on these sediments, their fabric structure and pore space hydrate saturation changes, which impacts the overall stability of the sea bed. Estimating stability conditions in such a ‘multiphase and dynamic system’ necessitates collection of undisturbed samples without compromising their in-situ thermodynamic conditions. This is a daunting task given the huge cost of procuring samples and the challenge of maintaining an undisturbed sample with in-situ thermodynamic conditions till it is brought to the laboratory. Synthesizing hydrate bearing sample sediments in laboratory for conducting studies to identify heat migration mechanisms and thermal property measurements and linking them to the shear strength characteristics provides an affordable solution to this problem. With this in view, a critical review of the available literature, dealing with laboratory synthesis of hydrate bearing sediments, their thermal and strength characteristics, the coupled phenomenon of heat and fluid migration, and its impact on the overall stability of marine sediments, has been conducted and presented in this paper. This will facilitate understanding the factors governing and the mechanism of heat transfer in a multiphase system, the changes in the system brought about by the hydrate dissociation front, and the overall impact on the stability of seabed.  相似文献   

南海神狐海域MIS12期以来的碳酸盐旋回与水合物分解     

陈芳  庄畅  周洋  吴聪  陆红锋  刘坚  苏新  刘广虎 《现代地质》2015,29(1):145-154

对南海神狐海域水合物钻探区SH1B和SH5C等2个钻孔顶部0~39.41 m和0~23.85 m的连续沉积物开展高分辨率碳酸盐旋回研究,结合浮游有孔虫氧同位素地层学、AMS¹⁴C年代学和生物地层学进行地层划分。结果表明：SH1B孔MIS12期以来CaCO₃曲线总体上具有明显的冰期和间冰期旋回,表现为较典型的冰期低、间冰期高的“大西洋型”旋回特征,具有良好的地层意义;SH5C孔除MIS1-MIS2期外,MIS3-MIS8期的CaCO₃含量较SH1B孔的要低,冰期和间冰期旋回性较差,MIS3-MIS 4和MIS7期出现明显的低钙事件;同时,SH5C孔MIS3-MIS5期浮游有孔虫G.ruber的δ¹³C值明显负偏,平均值为-0.11‰;两孔MIS1期的沉积速率是MIS2期的近2倍,与前人的研究结果相反,为MIS2期部分地层缺失所致。SH1B孔受水合物分解影响不大,而SH5C孔受水合物分解影响明显。SH5C孔MIS2期的地层缺失事件和MIS3-MIS4、MIS7期的低钙事件以及MIS3-MIS5期δ¹³C值负偏事件主要发生在末次冰期,推测与下伏水合物分解产生的海底滑塌、海水酸化等环境效应有关。  相似文献   

离子色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定乳粉的汞形态   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

林立  王琳琳  孙海波  孙继红 《岩矿测试》2014,33(3):390-396

对于乳粉的汞形态分析,由于基质的复杂性,有机汞非常容易与样品中蛋白质上的巯基结合,形成稳定的络合物,在前处理过程中须保证各形态提取完全且各形态之间不会发生相互转化,因此样品前处理是汞形态分析的难点;同时乳粉中汞含量极低,对方法检出限提出了更高的要求。本文通过优化样品前处理过程,建立了离子色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱测定乳粉中三种汞形态(二价汞、甲基汞、乙基汞)的方法。实验采用多种复合酶(蛋白酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶)对乳粉基质中的蛋白、脂肪、淀粉进行解离,采用L-半胱氨酸-盐酸-甲醇的混合溶液作为提取剂进行超声提取,样品过RP固相萃取小柱去除杂质后用C18色谱柱(5μm,4.6 mm×150 mm)进行分离,流动相采用10 mmol/L乙酸铵-0.12%L-半胱氨酸-5%甲醇混合溶液进行淋洗,5 min内即可实现三种汞形态的基线分离。二价汞、甲基汞和乙基汞的加标回收率在79.9%~111.2%之间,检出限分别为0.5μg/kg、0.6μg/kg、0.9μg/kg。实际样品分析表明,汞总量很低的乳粉,汞各形态的提取率也能达到70%以上,能够满足检测要求。本方法在样品前处理过程中采用酶解的方式解离复杂基体中的汞形态,提高了提取率至80%以上;仪器分析方面采用甲醇作为增敏剂,提高了检测灵敏度,适用于乳粉样品中痕量汞形态的检测。  相似文献   

云南斑岩型多金属金矿的嵌布特征及赋存状态研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

刘榕鑫  朱坤  谢海云  张鹏飞  丁超  吴继宗  童雄 《岩矿测试》2018,37(4):404-410

云南西部有大量低品位金矿资源,且具有嵌布粒度不均匀、矿石结构复杂、解离不完全等特点,传统工艺矿物学分析不易快速、准确测定金赋存状态及载金矿物的嵌布特征。本文利用矿物自动分析系统(MLA)、化学分析等方法对滇西多金属金矿进行系统的工艺矿物学研究,查明了该矿的矿物组成、嵌布粒度、连生及包裹关系,同时阐明了载金矿物的工艺矿物学性质对金回收率的影响。结果表明:金主要以游离态自然金的形式存在,嵌布粒度极细,主要集中在0.01~0.02 mm粒度级别;小于0.074 mm粒级的金占原矿总金量的50.08%,其余金以微细包裹体分散于黄铁矿、磁铁矿、黄铜矿等载金矿物中。但载金矿物粒度较细,解离性差,嵌布不均匀,因此提高载金矿物解离度是提高金回收率的一个重要参考方向。  相似文献