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在集宁盆地商都坳陷，首次应用丰富的孢粉、介形类和轮藻等化石资料论证并命名了一套新地层，自下而上为高勿素组和大囫囵组，在高勿素组中分别建立了孢粉Ⅰ．Cyathidites—Aequitriradites—Pilosisporites—Tricol popollenites组合；介形类Ⅰ．Mongolocypris infidelis—M．tera—M．longa组合；轮藻I．Obtusochara niaoheensis—Atopochara alanensis—S phaerochara datongensis组合。在大囫囵组中建立了孢粉Ⅱ．Schizaeoisporites—Taxodiaceaepollenites组合，包括2个亚组合，即①Cicatricosisporites-Classopollis亚组合，②Tricolpites-Polyporites亚组合；介形类Ⅱ．Mongolocypris cf．infidelis-M．cf．tera组合；轮藻Ⅱ．Grambastichara yuntaishanensis—Hornichara productas—Raskyaechara wumengensis组合。根据上述微体古生物化石，认为高勿素组相当于早白垩世晚期的阿尔布期，大囫囵组相当于晚白垩世早期的赛诺曼—土伦期。 相似文献
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Lacustrine ostracodes as stable isotope recorders of late-glacial and Holocene environmental dynamics and climate 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Antje Schwalb 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2003,29(3):265-351
Oxygen- and carbon-isotopic signatures of benthic ostracodes from lake sediments from climate sensitive regions in the Alpine region, Central Europe, the north-central USA, the Chilean Altiplano and Patagonia, Argentina, are used to characterize lake system processes and to reconstruct climate patterns of the past 16,000 years. The case studies provide examples that highlight different aspects of the broad application of isotope stratigraphies, and provide keys for the interpretation of complex lacustrine records.The integration of stable-isotope stratigraphy, sedimentology, and ecological information from ostracode assemblages is a new tool that acquires climate information from the indirect views of climate series provided by lake sediments. This tool (1) identifies lake system characteristics, (2) confines which isotopic signatures are controlled by which processes in the lake system and/or in the catchment, and (3) defines which signatures are ultimately controlled by climate change. If sudden shifts in the isotopic composition occur concomitantly with changes between sedimentological units, then the isotopes reflect first of all changes in catchment hydrology that may be ultimately controlled by climate. Also, if ostracode 18O and 13C values show the same timing and direction of shifts, then this indicates a major change in the hydrological budget of the lake.The case studies presented here show that coupled isotopic signatures may be used to track hydrological changes related to meltwater and deglaciation, shifting rivers and ground water sources, and changes in precipitation mechanisms and patterns. Values of 18O from large lakes with short water residence time, low evaporation rates and homothermic bottom waters provide records of past temperatures of precipitation. The 13C values reflect changes in the ratio of C3:C4 plants in the catchment. They indicate shifts in modes of organic decay in the surface sediments that can be linked to a change in hydrodynamics within a lake. The 13C values also allow detection of the input of volcanically charged ground waters providing large quantities of 14C-free CO2 that hinders accurate 14C chronology. General climate trends for the sites in the Americas indicate a dry mid-Holocene punctuated by moist spells, and show a general increase in moisture during the past approximately 4000 years, interrupted by recurring droughts. This hints at an interhemispheric connection and a common driving mechanism.Environmental isotopes from high-resolution lake sediments thus provide an ideal tool to identify and characterize the regional impact and magnitude of global climate change. This tool contributes to a better understanding of regional climate change and its driving mechanisms and thus provides the type of information needed to improve climate models. Environmental isotopes provide more information than just moisture balance and airmass history if they are integrated with the detailed sedimentological and ostracode ecological evidence, and understanding for the component system. Thus environmental isotopes serve to a better understanding of the climate signal archived in lake records and represent an essential contribution to Global Change research and Earth System Science. 相似文献
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The ostracode record from Harris Lake, southwestern Saskatchewan: 9200 years of local environmental change 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Holocene paleoenvironments of Harris Lake, southwestern Saskatchewan, are reconstructed from the ostracode stratigraphy of a 10.4 m sediment core. Twenty three taxa, representing nine genera, were identified and counted from 113 samples. At each depth, a theoretical faunal assemblage was derived from the raw counts. The mean and variance of chemical, climatic and physical variables were inferred from modern analogues of the fossil assemblages, using existing autecological data from 6720 sites, mostly in western Canada. These data suggest four paleoenvironments: an early-Holocene (9240–6400 years BP) variable climate supporting aspen parkland vegetation; the warm dry hypsithermal (6400–4500 years BP); a short transitional period of ameliorating climate and expanding subboreal forest (4500–3600 years BP); and the present environment since 3600 years BP. A change in regional climate with the draining of Glacial Lake Agassiz (ca. 8500 years BP) and landsliding in the watershed (ca. 4000 years BP) caused relatively rapid environmental change. The ostracode record generally corroborates the interpretations of other proxy data previously published for Harris Lake. Most of the discrepancy involves the timing and severity of maximum Holocene warmth and aridity. Peak aridity interpreted from the pollen data is earlier than in the other proxy records. Both the diatoms and ostracodes indicate highest paleosalinity between ca. 6500 and 5000 years BP, but maximum salinity in the diatom record occurs between ca. 6000–5700 years BP, whereas the ostracode-inferred salinity is relatively low at this time and peaks later at ca. 5000 years. Neither of these reconstructions suggests the short episodes of hypersalinity interpreted from the mineralogy. 相似文献
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色林错位于青藏高原中部印度季风和西风环流的过渡地带，同时受西风环流和印度季风系统控制，是研究二者进退变化特征的理想场所。本文利用色林错SL 1钻孔中介形虫 Limnocythere inopinata 的丰度及其壳体微量元素Mg/Ca和Mn/Ca比值重建了色林错5. 3 ka BP以来的古气候环境变化特征。5. 3~2. 9 ka BP， L. inopinata 丰度较小，壳体的低Mg/Ca比值和高Mn/Ca比值表明此阶段气候偏冷湿；2. 9~1. 8 ka BP， L. inopinata 丰度较前一阶段增加，壳体Mg/Ca比值略有增长但仍为低值表明气温虽然有所回升但仍然较低，Mn/Ca比值较前一阶段明显降低，指示湖泊水位下降；1. 8 ka BP至今， L. inopinata 丰度达到最大，壳体的高Mg/Ca和Mn/Ca比值指示湖泊温度和水位均呈显著的上升趋势。通过与西风区、过渡区以及印度季风区其他湖泊的环境沉积记录对比，本文认为青藏高原中部地区在中全新世晚期主要受西风环流影响，气温较低，西风带来大量水汽使得湖面呈扩张趋势；而到晚全新世西风环流逐渐北撤，色林错受季风影响更大，季风带来的降水和气温升高导致的冰川融水增加与色林错水位上升有密切关系。 相似文献
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A TAXONOMICAL AND ECOLOGICAL OVERVIEW OF RECENT AND HOLOCENE OSTRACODES OF THE NAM CO REGION|SOUTHERN TIBET 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
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下载免费PDF全文 《第四纪研究》2009,29(4):665-677
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Diatoms, crustaceans, and pollen from sediment cores, in conjunction with dated shoreline tufas provide evidence for lake level and environmental fluctuations of Walker Lake in the late Quaternary. Large and rapid changes of lake chemistry and level apparently resulted from variations in the course and discharge of the Walker River. Paleolimnological evidence suggests that the basin contained a relatively deep and slightly saline to freshwater lake before ca. 30 000 years B.P. During the subsequent drawdown, the Walker River apparently shifted its course and flowed northward into the Carson Sink. As a result, Walker Lake shallowed and became saline. During the full glacial, cooler climates with more effective moisture supported a shallow brine lake in the basin even without the Walker River. As glacial climates waned after 15 000 years ago, Walker Lake became a playa. The Walker River returned to its basin 4700 years ago, filling it with fresh water in a few decades. Thereafter, salinity and depth increased as evaporation concentrated inflowing water, until by 3000 years ago Walker Lake was nearly 90 m deep, according to dated shoreline tufas. Lake levels fluctuated throughout this interval in response to variations in Sierra Nevada precipitation and local evaporation. A drought in the Sierras between 2400 and 2000 years ago reduced Walker Lake to a shallow, brine lake. Climate-controlled refilling of the lake beginning 2000 years ago required about one millennium to bring Walker lake near its historic level.Through time, lake basins in the complex Lake Lahontan system, fill and desiccate in response to climatic, tectonic and geomorphic events. Detailed, multidisciplinary paleolimnologic records from related subbasins are required to separate these processes before lake level history can be reliably used to interpret paleoclimatology.This is the fifth of a series of papers to be published by this journal that was presented in the paleolimnology sessions organized by R. B. Davis and H. Löffler for the XIIth Congress of the International Union for Quaternary Research (INQUA), which took place in Ottawa, Canada in August 1987. Drs. Davis and Löffler are serving as guest editors of this series. 相似文献
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湖相介形类壳体地球化学在环境变化研究中的应用与进展 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
双壳微体甲壳类动物介形虫，广泛分布于各类湖泊体系中，其碳酸盐壳化石通常在湖泊沉积物中保存完好，介形类的古生态学，尤其是介壳的地球化学在环境变化研究中，近年来得到越来越广泛的应用，介壳的氧同位素组成四形成壳体时湖水的同位素组成和温度决定，可以反映由蒸发和降水的变化所引起的湖水水化学以及与之关联的气候变化情况，一般而言，低δ^18O反映了温度潮湿的气候；高δ^18反映了寒冷干燥的气候，碳同位素可以反映总溶解无机碳的组成以及影响其组成的诸因素的变化，多数情况下可以反映湖泊古生产力的大小及变化，介壳中Mg和Sr的含量，往往与其宿生水体的盐度和温度呈一定的函数关系，据此可以恢复湖泊的温度，尤其是盐度的变化，为了满足高分辨率环境变化，特别是定量研究的要求，必须充分了解介形类各个种属的生命历史和生态消长的过程；通过定期收集野外介壳和水样进行化学分析了，了解湖水水化学和温度对介壳稳定同位素和微量元素组成的影响；详细了解湖泊湖沼学，包括湖水的同位素组成和M/Ca（M指微量元素Mg、Sr等）与盐度的关系以及它们随空间和季度变化的特征；开展实验室养殖培养实验，测定单个种属介壳与水体的氧同位素分馏系数，建立微量元素吸收的生理效应。 相似文献
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George L. Smith 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1997,18(3):249-260
Ostracodes document a series of late Quaternary climatic and limnologic changes within the Lake Winnebago basin of east-central Wisconsin. Using a 14 C, 137Cs, and 210Pb-based geochronology, Lake Winnebago ostracode abundances were compared to regional patterns of ostracode biogeography and the paleontological, sedimentological, and geochemical records of Elk Lake (Clearwater County), Minnesota, in order to interpret past temperature and hydrochemical changes in Lake Winnebago. Lake Winnebago sediments contain five major ostracode species, Candona ohioensis, Candona rawsoni, Cytherissa lacustris, Limnocythere verrucosa, and Physocypria pustulosa. In combination with sedimentology and geochronology, variations in the abundances of these species allow the late Quaternary record of the Lake Winnebago basin to be subdivided into five major climatic intervals: (1) glacial to post-glacial (15.5–11.0 ka), (2) cold and variable immediate post-glacial (11.0–10.4 ka), (3) warmer and wet early Holocene (10.4–7.8 ka), (4) warm but not particularly dry middle Holocene (7.8–4.2 ka), and (5) warm and moist late Holocene (4.2 ka-present). 相似文献
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