话说“四大洋”     

杨金森 《海洋世界》2001,(4):43-43

地球表面的总面积约5．1亿平方千米其中海洋的面积为3．6亿平方千米，占地球表面总面积的71％。世界海洋的水量比高于海平面的陆地的体积大14倍，约l37亿立方千米。陆地的平均高度为840米。假如地球具有平均的球面、整个表面就会被2400米深的海水所覆盖。太平洋：太平洋是世界上最大的洋，位于亚洲、大洋洲、美洲和南极洲之间，总面积17868万平方千米，平均深度3957米，最大深度11034米，体积70710万立方千米。  相似文献   

Preliminary study on the spore-pollen assemblages found in the Cenozoic sedimentary rocks in Grove Mountains, east Antarctica and its climatic implications     

方爱民刘小汉  王伟铭李潇丽俞良军  黄费新 《极地研究(英文版)》2005,16(1):23-32

Glaciogene sedimentary rocks have been found in modem tills of the Grove Mountains, east Antarctica during the 1998 - 1999 Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition （CHNARE）. Based on the lithilogic and sedimentary features, these sedimentary rocks are correlated with Cenozoic sedimentary strata of the Pagodroma Group in the neighboring Prince Charles Mountains and the Sorsdal Formation in VestFold Hills. Sedimentary clasts contain sparsely Late Tertiary spores and pollens, including ： Toroisporis （ Lygodiaceae）, Osmunda, Granulatisporites （ Pteridaceae？） , Polypodiaceae, Podocarpus , Araucariaceae, Artemisia , Rhus , Nothofagidites , Proteacidites （Proteaceae） , Quercus , Fraxinoipollenites （ Oleaceae ） , Oleoidearumpollenites（ Oleaceae ）, Operculumpollis, and Tricolpopollenites. Most of the pollen and spores contained in these samples originate from local sources according to the conditions of their preservations as well as correlations with the microfossil assemblages found in the neighboring areas. The majority of the pollen assemblages, as represented by Podocarpus and Nothofagus, belong to the Weddellian biogeocenose, however some exotic components from the old sedimentary basement rocks may have been included during erosion of the proximal ice sheet. If the source areas of glaciogenic sedimentary rocks that bear the pollen and spores are assumed to be local, or in the up glacier areas, the pollen assemblages in these samples might represent an inland flora during a warmer period of the ice-sheet evolutionary history. The finding of the Artemisia and Chenopodiaceae in the pollen assemblages implies that they may belong to late Tertiary （most probably Pliocene）. The absence of diatoms in the samples analyzed may indicate that there are no Cenozoic marine strata in the interior of the east Antarctica beyond the Grove Mountains. The significances of the finding of the Nothofagus in these pollen assemblages are discussed on the basis of current knowledge about the age, distribution and ecological conditions of this kind of fossils found in Sirius Group or other strata outcropped in Antarctica. As a preliminary conclusion, we think that the existence of the Cenozoic glaciogenenic rocks and their pollen assemblages present new evidence for a large scale glacial retreat history in Grove Mountains of east Antarctica, and thus support a dynamic East Antarctic Ice Sheet （EAIS）. This is consistent with the interpretations of Webb et al. （1984）.  相似文献   

Hydrological character and sea-current structure in the front of Amery Ice Shelf   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈红霞潘增弟  矫玉田项宝强 《极地研究(英文版)》2005,16(1):41-50

Hydrological character and Sea-current profiles structure are studied andanalyzed in sea-area of the front of Amery Ice Shelf,Prydz Bay with LADCP,CTDdata.These LADCP,CTD data were acquired during the 19th Chinese Antarctic Sci-entific Expedition.Results of this study agree with that,there exist four differentkinds of water masses in the area of the front of Amery Ice Shelf in the summer of Ant-arctica.Current distribution presents a semi-circumfluence which flows in at the eastand flows out in the west.Moreover,clockwise and anti-clockwise vortices werefound in upper layer and mid-layer in the Prydz Bay.Western areas of these anti-clockwise vortices are positions of inflows from Prydz Bay to Amery Ice Shelf.Thesource of these inflows is the coastal westward current originated in the east of PrydzBay.All these characteristics come down to the pattern of circumfluence,ice meltrate under Ice Shelf,scale of Ice Shelf water production and form of water exchangesbetween area of Ice Shelf and area of Prydz Bay.  相似文献   

南极冰下水流加速冰川入海     

《海洋世界》2008,(12):4-4

美国缅因大学气候变化研究所的几名科学家将“冰云和地面高度卫星”收集到的数据与近50年来南极洲东部伯德冰川向海洋漂移的速度进行了比较，他们首次发现了证明在南极洲冰层下极深的地方有大量流动水存在的证据，这些水流加快了冰川入海的速度。  相似文献   

南大洋变暖引起了科学家们的关注          下载免费PDF全文

胡德良  Bronwyn Herbert 《气候变化研究进展》2012,(1):42

新的研究显示,南大洋比世界上任何其他海洋存储的热量都要多。这项由塔斯马尼亚南极气候与生态系统合作研究中心进行的研究发现:如果照目前的趋势继续下去,到2030年南大洋的二氧化碳水平会对某些贝类动物产生  相似文献   

极地考察站三维信息系统的设计与实现     

孟成  鄂栋臣  艾松涛 《测绘通报》2012,(3):23-25

对南极考察站三维模型的建立和发布进行研究,深入解析KML文件,提出多个模型组合发布的方法。基于研究成果设计并实现数字极地考察站三维信息系统。  相似文献   

南极洲低层两种位势高度再分析资料的比较     

施宁  王盘兴  徐海明  郭栋 《高原气象》2008,27(6)

比较NCEP/NCAR和ECMWF两种再分析资料南半球低层等压面(700 hPa及以下)的平均位势高度场,结果表明:两者在南极洲差异显著,除12月、1月(南半球夏季)外,NCEP/NCAR资料存在一个虚假的很强的极地高压,而ECMWF资料正常。分析表明该两种再分析资料的上述差异来源于南极洲地面以下虚拟气压场的产生过程;NCEP/NCAR资料较ECMWF少了一个对南极洲过低地面温度的修正。由此得到的NCEP/NCAR资料若用于南半球低层大气环流整体结构的分析,会导致严重的错误。  相似文献   

Hydrochemistry and sediment characteristics of polar periglacial lacustrine environments on Fisher Island and Broknes Peninsula,East Antarctica     

Raj esh Asthana  Prakash Kumar Shrivastav  Hari Bahadur Srivastava  Mirza Javed Beg  Pradeep Kumar 《极地研究(英文版)》2013,(4):281-295

Fisher Island and Broknes Peninsula in the Larsemann Hills constitute part of a polar lowland periglacial environment between marine and glacial ecosystems. The landscape is characterized by gently rolling hills and broad valleys interspersed with lakes formed in glacially scoured basins. We analyzed the physieochemical parameters and the ionic constituents of water samples from 10 lakes in each of these two locations. Our results showed considerable differences between the two regions and demon- strated the influence of lithology and processes including weathering, evaporation, and atmospheric precipitation. All major cations and anions in the lake waters showed positive correlations indicating balanced ionic concentrations. Unconsolidated sediments were sparsely distributed and scattered over glacial deposits, valley fills, and occasional moraine ridges. The type and rate of sedi- mentation was mainly controlled by surface run-off and aeolian influx. The sediment samples from lake beds and the catchment area on Fisher Island were immature and poorly to very poorly sorted, consisting of gravelly sand with negligible silt and finer fractions. Sediments had a polymodal grain size distribution with the two major populations lying between -2 and 1 phi and be- tween 0 and 1.5 phi. The sediments were lithic arenite to arkosic in composition and the microtextures imprinted over quartz grains were dominated by mechanical textures resulting from several stages of glacial crushing and grinding. The presence of deep disso- lution cavities, cryptocrystalline precipitation, and euhedral crystal growth signified the effect of chemical activity after the deposition of grains in the lacustrine environment.  相似文献   

Distribution and abundance of euphausiid larvae and salps during austral summers in Prydz Bay, Antarctica     

杨光  李超伦  孙松 《极地研究(英文版)》2010,21(2):127-136

The distribution and abundance of euphausiid larvae and salps was studied from samples collected in 2002 and 2006 from Prydz Bay, Antarctica.Larvae of Thysanoessa macrura and Euphausia superba were mainly distributed in the north of the continental shelf. T. macrura was more abundant and had a relatively wider distribution. In 2006, with ice having retreated and higher seawater temperatures and chlorophyll a levels, E. superba and T. macrura occurred in higher abundances and at more mature developmental stages. Euphausia crystallorophias was mainly distributed in the neritic region. In 2002, with severe ice conditions in the neritic region, abundance of E. crystallorophias was consisted of metanauplius (MN) and calyptopis I (CI). Salps, mostly Salpa thompsoni, had a low abundance in Prydz Bay. In 2002, S. thompsoni was only m)-3. In 2006, S. thompsoni was found at three stations located near the contimental factors, such as the timing of ice melt, polynya formation and food concentration appear to have a marked effect on the distribution and abundance of euphausiid larvae and salps.  相似文献   

倒着悬挂地图 导致诧异沉思     

肖植文 《地理教学》2011,(7):59-59

地理教学中,以极地为中心的经纬网地图上,如何确定方向是重点,又是难点。在上“极地地区”这节内容时,我与众不同,准备了一张南极洲地图,并将它倒挂在黑板上,哪知学生们一片惊讶声：“老师,地图挂倒了!”而我全然不顾,让学生先看,然后提问：“你们怎么知道挂倒了？”  相似文献