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Spatial distribution and abundance of small fishes were studied in autumn 2007 in the Xiaosihai Lake, a shallow lake along the middle reach of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River. Based on the plant cover, the lake was divided into three major habitats: Myriophyllum spicatum habitat (MS habitat), Trapa bispinosa habitat (TB habitat), and non-vegetation habitat (NV habitat). A modified pop-net was used for quantitative sampling of small fishes in the three habitats, and the Zippin’s removal method was used for estimating densities of the small fishes. A total of 13 species belonging to 5 families were collected, with 11 species in MS habitat, 7 species in TB habitat, and 5 species in NV habitat. Habitat type had significant effect on the spatial distribution of small fishes. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index in the MS, TB and NV habitats were 1.28, 0.56 and 0.54, respectively. The total density and biomass of small fishes were significantly higher in the MS habitat (13.68 ind/m2 and 4.44 g/m2) than in the TB habitat (1.41 ind/m2 and 0.54 g/m2) and the NV habitat (1.08 ind/m2 and 0.40 g/m2), and were not significantly different between the TB habitat and the NV habitat. Water depth had no significant effect on spatial distribution of the small fishes. It was suggested that vegetation type played an important role in habitat selectivity of small fishes, and the presence of submersed vegetation should be of significance in the conservation of small fish diversity. 相似文献
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Erhai Lake is the second largest freshwater lake on the Yunnan Plateau, Southwest China. In recent decades, a number of exotic fish species have been introduced into the lake and the fish community has changed considerably. We evaluated the status of the fish community based on surveys with multimesh gillnet, trap net, and benthic fyke-net between May 2009 and April 2012. In addition, we evaluated the change in the community using historical data (1952–2010) describing the fish community and fishery harvest. The current fish community is dominated by small-sized fishes, including Pseudorasbora parva, Rhinogobius giurinus, Micropercops swinhonis, Hemiculter leucisculus, and Rhinogobius cliffordpopei. These accounted for 87.7% of the 22 546 total specimens collected. Omnivorous and carnivorous species dominated the community. A canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) plot revealed that the distribution of fishes in the lake is influenced by aquatic plants, water temperature, pH, and season. The abundance of indigenous species has declined sharply, and a majority of endemic species have been extirpated from the lake (a decrease from seven to two species). In contrast, the number of exotic species has increased since the 1960s to a total of 22 at present. The fishery harvest decreased initially following the 1960s, but has since increased due to the introduction of non-native fish and stocking of native fish. The fishery harvest was significantly correlated with total nitrogen, not total phosphorus, during the past 20 years. Based on our results, we discuss recommendations for the restoration and conservation of the fish resources in Erhai Lake. 相似文献
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洪泽湖轮虫群落结构及其与环境因子的关系 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
2010年5月至2011年2月对洪泽湖轮虫进行季度采样,分析了洪泽湖轮虫的种类组成、时空分布及其群落结构与环境因子的关系.结果表明,洪泽湖共观察到轮虫17属34种,优势种为螺形龟甲轮虫(Keratella cochlearis)、前节晶囊轮虫(Asplanchna priodonta)、长肢多肢轮虫(Polyarthra dolichoptera)、萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionus calyciflorus)和曲腿龟甲轮虫(Keratella valga).轮虫种类的空间分布格局呈现较大差异,种类数在北部成子湖最高(27种),西南部湖区次之(26种),东部沿岸带最低(19种);而密度则表现为西南部湖区略高于成子湖,东部沿岸带最低.轮虫的群落结构季节差异明显,密度和生物量在春季最高,秋季次之,而夏季最低.典范对应分析结果表明,水温、溶解氧及叶绿素a等因子对轮虫种类的季节变化及密度生物量的影响最大;总磷、总氮及可溶性无机氮等水体中的营养盐也是影响轮虫群落结构的重要因素. 相似文献
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藏南扎西康大型铅锌银锑多金属矿床叠加改造成矿作用初探 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
扎西康铅锌银锑多金属矿具有多期多阶段的复杂成矿的特征。结合对区域成矿带、典型矿石结构构造、闪锌矿Fe含量变化、金属成矿元素分带性以及流体演化特征的分析,初步识别和探讨了扎西康多金属矿床叠加改造发生过程:在特提斯喜马拉雅锑金矿带形成前,扎西康即已经是一个粗晶脉状铅锌矿床。后碰撞阶段,地壳伸展,热活动强烈。以岩浆驱动大气水循环形成的地热水为主的区域富锑流体,流经扎西康,早期硫化物成为后期流体沉淀的有效化学障。流体对早期矿体形成的角砾产生再活化、溶蚀、交代作用,活化出铅、锌等元素,形成新的混合流体。该流体在NS向正断层发生运移、充填成矿,此时锌仍以闪锌矿重结晶、沉淀,但其中的铁含量已经降低,而铅与锑等形成硫盐矿物,当Pb被硫盐矿物消耗后则形成辉锑矿。综上,扎西康铅锌银锑多金属矿床是青藏高原陆陆碰撞造山背景下典型的叠加改造型矿床。 相似文献
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Response of rotifer community to environmental changes in five shallow lakes in the middle reach of Changjiang River,China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
We evaluated the response of a rotifer community to environmental changes in five shallow lakes in the middle reach of the Changjiang （Yangtze） River in summer and autumn 2010. These five lakes differed in trophic status and rotifer community structure. Twenty-nine rotifer species were collected, of which Keratella cochlearis, Polyarthra dolichoptera, and Trichocerca elongate were dominant. The mean density, Shannon-Wiener diversity, and equitability among the five lakes differed significantly （P〈0.05）. The mean rotifer density was positively correlated with trophic state. The diversity was higher in lakes with high macrophyte coverage. The composition of rotifer species was closely associated with the trophic gradient. Five environmental variables, Secchi depth, conductivity, TN, NHa-N, and TP, significantly affected the composition of rotifer species. Keratella quadrata, Brachionus calyciflorus, and B. forficula were more common in eutrophic conditions. Our results suggest that eutrophication has a significant influence on the rotifer community structure and highlight the potential for using rotifer community structure as an indicator of trophic status in subtropical lakes. 相似文献
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本文以微藻(莱茵衣藻)为材料,通过室内模拟石灰岩土壤系统,对接种微藻的土柱进行不同淋滤条件的处理,系统监测了淋出液的电导率、Ca2+浓度和碳酸酐酶的活性。结果表明,以双蒸水进行淋滤的土柱,Ca2+总淋出量在24 d时仅为以微藻培养液进行淋滤土柱的11.9%,且淋出液碳酸酐酶的平均活性与Ca2+总淋出量间有较好的相关性,说明微藻及其碳酸酐酶对石灰岩土壤系统中的Ca元素迁移有较强的驱动作用。本文的研究结果为探讨藻类碳酸酐酶在岩溶发育中的作用提供了一定的科学依据,进一步深入研究将有助于弄清藻类及其碳酸酐酶对岩溶碳汇的作用。 相似文献
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一种基于分区引导扇区控制的移动存储介质安全控制方法 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
结合Windows平台存储介质分区原理，给出一种基于逻辑分区引导扇区控制的移动存储介质的安全控制方法。从技术原理、USB设备的检测、对USB盘引导扇区部分的访问和修改以及对文件的格式修改等几个方面进行了阐述。最后给出了部分核心代码。 相似文献