太湖人工生态系统中氮循环细菌分布   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

王国祥  濮培民  黄宜凯  张圣照 《湖泊科学》1999,(2)

对太湖五里湖的以水生高等植物为主的湖泊人工生态系统,用最大可能数（ＭＰＮ）法,测定了该系统内各种生态类型水生高等植物群落内的４类氮循环细菌的分布．结果表明,反硝化细菌的最大可能数（ＭＰＮ）,在水生高等植物群落内水体中较敞水区湖水高２－５个数量级,差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）,漂浮植物群落内水体的反硝化细菌ＭＰＮ值较沉水和浮叶植物群落内水体高２－３个数量级,差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）;硝化细菌ＭＰＮ值,敞水区湖水高于凤眼莲、水花生群落内水体,差异显著（ Ｐ＜ ０． ０５）,菱群落与其他群落比较,亦有极显著性差异（ Ｐ＜ ０． ０１）;亚硝化细菌ＭＰＮ值,在水生高等植物群落内的水体中较敞水区高 ３－ ４个数量级,差异极显著（ Ｐ＜ ０． ０１） ;氨化细菌ＭＰＮ值,在水生高等植物群落内的水体中高于敞水区水体．除硝化细菌外,反硝化、亚硝化及氨化细菌均在根际处最为密集,且由根际向外呈现递减趋势．  相似文献   

太湖区域三维湖陆风场数值模拟   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

逄勇  濮培民 《大气科学》1995,19(2):243-251

本文考虑太湖周围实际地形，建立了一个适合太湖区域复杂地形，满足静力平衡条件的三维非定常大气边界层数值模式，计算表明:模式运行十分稳定，与实际观测资料吻合较好。  相似文献   

拯救淡水(FWI)组织简介     

濮培民 《湖泊科学》1994,(2)

大规模环境变化影响到全球内陆淡水系统的社会经济和环境的持续稳定.为促进各研究机构间多学科的合作研究,加深对淡水系统及其与环境变化相互关系的了解,自1990年起,有关科学家在美国召开了几次会议,发起成立拯救淡水组织,其协调委员会执行机构附设在美国国家基金委员会。提出当前淡水科学研究有三大主题:(1)淡水系统变化的机理及前景预测;(2)淡水系统管理,保护和维持;(3)淡水系统的恢复和持续稳定。已批准二个计划:(1)拯救淡水专题讨论会;(2)气候与陆面变化对淡水系统影响的个例研究。淡水系统的持续稳定需要全球的合作努力,拯救淡水组织正扩大与其他国际组织的合作,以便联合探求保护地球上珍贵的淡水系统和资源的途径。  相似文献   

太湖水动力学三维数值试验研究─2.典型风场风生流的数值计算   总被引：29，自引：5，他引：24  

胡维平  濮培民  秦伯强 《湖泊科学》1998,10(4):26-34

本文用垂直谢匀分五层,水平网络蹁为１ｋｍ的压缩σ坐标系下的三维数值模型,计算了太湖典型风场ＳＥ,ＮＷ,ＳＷ风生流,分析了太湖湖流及由各层流场平均得到的整层平均流肪在这三种典型风场作用下随时间的演变特征,探讨了风应力,水面倾斜压强梯度力,湖底摩擦力三者对湖流垂直结构的影响,初步揭示了太湖湖流垂直结构形成的机理。  相似文献   

太湖—中国东部平原的一个大型浅水湖泊     

濮培民  颜京松 《湖泊科学》1998,10(S1):1-12

The outline of Taihu Lake Basin, including the geographical and hydrometeorological characteristics, its main functions and resource-environmental state and problems facing in Taihu Lake were introduced.  相似文献   

改善中国太湖水生态环境的新对策—“如何解决太湖流域水质型缺水和环境自然资源退化问题？”     

濮培民  胡维平  王国祥  张圣照  胡春华  颜京松  张静仪 《湖泊科学》1998,10(S1):47-58

Taihu Lake is one of the famous five great freshwater lakes in China. Taihu Lxike Basin (TLB) is a densely populated and economic developed area in China. The surface water quality in TLB was deteriorated from I-Ⅱ grade in the history to IV-V grade at present. To develop a series of technology of most cost-effective and achievable for improving environment in a local water area of most sensitive for society and improving water quality for more and more areas step by step is the key point of the new strategy. Except the measures for reducing the industrial and domestic pollution load to the lake, some research topics are suggested to be emphasized.  相似文献   

局部水域水质净化工程     

濮培民  王国祥  胡维平  胡春华  李波 《湖泊科学》1998,10(S1):519-527

To improve the water quality in a limited area has instant and actual importance, especially in the regions where the surface water system was polluted widely and the water quality of the system could not be improved effectively in a short term. The technology for improving the water quality in a local area was been developing in Taihu Lake Basin since 1991.  相似文献   

秋冬季环境下固定化氮循环细菌净化湖泊水体氮污染动态模拟   总被引：16，自引：2，他引：14  

李正魁  濮培民 《湖泊科学》2000,12(4):321-326

本文依据太湖秋冬季水体氮污染的特点,应用辐射增殖氮循环细胞进行了净化湖水氮污染的动态模拟实验,研究结果表明,富营养化湖水经固定化氮循环净化后,总氮下降７２．４％,氨氮下降８５．６％,出水水质得到明显改善,固定化氮循环细茵在冬季低温（７℃）条件下仍保持了较高的降氮能力,总氮和氨氮去除率分别为５５．６％,５８．９％,降氮效果与湖水滞留时间有关,探讨了固定化氮循环细茵的降氮机理。  相似文献   

从气候振动的某些准周期看天体引潮力对天气气候的影响     

濮培民 《南京气象学院学报》1983,(2)

本文指出,实际資料分析所揭示的气候振动准37年和准2年等周期可以从月亮相对于地球、太阳运行的准周期规律性来解释。作为这种观点的应用,文中选择了某些参数来表示月亮运行轨道的特点,并由此给出了长江中下游汛期降水量和赤道附近高空23公里附近东西风方向转换日期的超长期预报方法.結果与实际基本符合。  相似文献   

中国太湖物理—生物工程实验中菱对水质影响的模式     

胡维平  濮培民  李万春 《湖泊科学》1998,10(S1):507-518

A model on a physico-biological engineering experiment for purifying water in Wulihu Bay of Lake Taihu by using Trapa natans var. bispinosa was constructed. The state variables in water in the physico-biological engineering were ammonium nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N); nitrate nitrogen (NO₃^--N); nitrite nitrogen (NO₂^--N); phosphate phosphorus (PO₄^3--P); dissolved oxygen (DO); nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in detritus; biomass density, N and P in phytoplankton and in Trapa natans var. bispinosa, N and P in the substance adsorbed by the membrane of the engineering and the rootstocks of Trapa natans var. bispinosa. The state variables in bottom mud layer were PO₄^3--P in the core water,exchangeable P and N. The external forcing functions were solar radiation, water temperature, NH₄⁺-N; NO₃^--N; NO₂^--N; PO₄^3--P; N and P in detritus; DO; phytoplankton concentrations in inflow water and the retention time of the water in physico-biological engineering channel. The main physical, chemical and biological processes considered in the model were:growth of Trapa natans var. bispinosa and phytoplankton; oxidation of NH₄⁺-N and NO₂^--N, of detritus break down; N and P sorption by the enclosure cloth of the experimental engineering and by the rootstocks of Trapa natans var. bispinosa in water; reaeration of water; uptake of P, NH₄⁺-N, NO₃^--N by phytoplankton and Trapa natans var. bispinosa:mortality of the phytoplankton and Trapa natans var. bispinosa:settling of detritus; and nutrient release from sediment. Comparison of calculated results and observed results showed that the model was constructed reasonably for the experiment. The mechanism of purifying lake water in the experiment engineering was discussed by the use of the model.  相似文献