Integrated acoustic technologies form new shallow water survey system     

Al Rougeau  Larry Rosenbalm  Carl Sonnier 《Marine Geodesy》2013,36(2-3):187-198

  相似文献   

Soil simulant sourcing for the ExoMars rover testbed     

Thibault P. Gouache  Nildeep Patel  Gregory P. Scott  Marcus Matthews 《Planetary and Space Science》2011,59(8):779-787

ExoMars is the European Space Agency (ESA) mission to Mars planned for launch in 2018, focusing on exobiology with the primary objective of searching for any traces of extant or extinct carbon-based micro-organisms. The on-surface mission is performed by a near-autonomous mobile robotic vehicle (also referred to as the rover) with a mission design life of 180 sols (Patel et al., 2010). In order to obtain useful data on the tractive performance of the ExoMars rover before flight, it is necessary to perform mobility tests on representative soil simulant materials producing a Martian terrain analogue under terrestrial laboratory conditions. Three individual types of regolith shown to be found extensively on the Martian surface were identified for replication using commercially available terrestrial materials, sourced from UK sites in order to ensure easy supply and reduce lead times for delivery. These materials (also referred to as the Engineering Soil (ES-x) simulants) are: a fine dust analogue (ES-1); a fine aeolian sand analogue (ES-2); and a coarse sand analogue (ES-3). Following a detailed analysis, three fine sand regolith types were identified from commercially available products. Each material was used in its off-the-shelf state, except for ES-2, where further processing methods were used to reduce the particle size range. These materials were tested to determine their physical characteristics, including the particle size distribution, particle density, particle shape (including angularity/sphericity) and moisture content. The results are analysed to allow comparative analysis with existing soil simulants and the published results regarding in situ analysis of Martian soil on previous NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) missions. The findings have shown that in some cases material properties vary significantly from the specifications provided by material suppliers. This has confirmed the need for laboratory testing to determine the actual parameters to prove that standard geotechnical processes are indeed suitable. The outcomes have allowed the confirmation of each simulant material as suitable for replicating their respective regolith types.  相似文献   

地形坡度对干涉相位残余点发布的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

向茂生  李树楷 《测绘学报》1999,28(2)

相位解缠是干涉雷达生成ＤＥＭ的重要步骤之一。干涉相位中的残余点使相位解缠变得复杂。本文研究了残余点产生机理,建立了残余点发生概率的解析表达式。结果表明,在噪声存在的条件下,残余点产生不仅与两幅图像之间的相关系数有关,而且受地形坡度的影响。理论分析与模拟实验表明,地形变化愈大,残余点分布加密  相似文献   

SV波斜入射下凸起地形对地震动特性的影响分析     

郝明辉  张郁山 《震灾防御技术》2018,13(3):552-561

针对10种不同坡角的凸起地形,采用基于透射边界的有限元-有限差分计算方法,研究了局部凸起在SV波斜入射时,地震动峰值加速度放大倍数和反应谱谱比随入射角度的变化规律。结果表明:①地震波以一定的角度斜入射时,地表大部分观测点的峰值加速度放大倍数大于垂直入射的情况;②在计算模型宽高比一定的情况下,最不利入射角度与坡角有一定关系,且地表最不利位置随坡角增大由凸起台地边缘向中心移动;③入射角度对凸起地形地震反应谱特性的影响十分显著,不但影响谱比的幅值,也影响谱比曲线的形状,斜入射时各关键节点大部分周期点的谱比值大于垂直入射,入射角度对反应谱中的高频成分影响较为显著,而对长周期成分影响不大。  相似文献   

京津冀地区与海风锋相互作用的对流系统的发展预判分析     

梁钊明  高守亭  王东海  王彦 《气象学报》2014,72(1):116-132

运用WRF模式,对京津冀地形触发对流系统与海风锋相互作用的两个个例开展了数值模拟,通过对两个个例模拟的广义湿位涡异常和雷达回波分布的对比分析,对广义湿位涡异常预判该类天气过程中对流系统发展的潜力进行了检验。分析结果显示,广义湿位涡异常较雷达回波提前0.5至1 h示踪到山地背风坡和海风锋处的对流系统的发展。斜压与水汽梯度相互作用和非绝热加热对广义湿位涡异常提前示踪山地背风坡和海风锋处对流系统发展有重要的贡献。过山气流的显著扰动和午后相对于陆地大气较为冷湿的海风辐合上升是分别造成山地背风坡和海风锋出现明显的斜压与水汽梯度相互作用的主要原因。  相似文献   

不同地形高程数据对青海夏季气温和降水模拟准确度的影响          下载免费PDF全文

沈晓燕  申燕玲  颜玉倩  肖宏斌  权晨 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2021,15(4):92-99

基于SRTM 90 m、USGS 30 s地形高程数据及青海气象台站实际海拔高度数据,分析了采用不同高度数据对青海地区2014年夏季气温和降水模拟准确度的影响。采用国家基本观测站的气象观测资料对模拟结果进行检验,结果表明:相对于台站实际海拔高度,模式地形总体偏高,青海南部和祁连山区海拔较高地区及青海东部地形梯度较大地区尤甚。相对于模式自带的原始地形数据,除青海东部外,其余大部分地区SRTM高程数据给出的模式地形高度增加。采用SRTM高程数据对气温影响较小;模式中引入青海气象台站海拔高程数据对于最高气温的模拟准确率提高显著,青海南部及祁连山区海拔较高地区以及黄南、海南中部地形梯度较大地区模拟和实测数据偏差减少显著,模拟的最低气温改善不如最高气温明显。同时采用SRTM高程数据及引入气象台站实际海拔高度数据对青海海西中部及东部地区降水改进较为明显。  相似文献