乌梁素海冰封期湖泊冰盖组构特征对污染物分布的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

杨芳  李畅游  史小红  赵胜男  郝亚洲 《湖泊科学》2016,28(2):455-462

为探究富营养化浅水湖泊季节性冰盖污染物分布规律,于2013-2014年冰封期,钻取乌梁素海湖泊冰盖冰芯试样,观测冰厚并对冰芯晶体结构、气泡含量、污染物浓度(总氮、总磷和COD_(Cr))进行分析.结果表明:冰盖可分为4层,中间2层冰晶体粒径较大且气泡含量较少,为冰盖热力生长区.冰盖以柱状晶体居多,粒径随深度增加而增加,气泡含量随冰盖密度增加而减少.冰盖结构特征与污染物分布具有相关关系,冰芯密度及气泡分布与总氮、总磷和COD_(Cr)相关关系分别为0.8965、0.8718、0.8184,并建立多元回归模型揭示冰封期湖泊水质特征,为季节性湖泊冰盖研究及冰封期湖泊水资源规划和管理提供理论依据.  相似文献   

The value of high-resolution nutrient monitoring: A case study of the River Frome, Dorset, UK   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Michael J. Bowes  Jim T. Smith  Colin Neal 《Journal of Hydrology》2009,378(1-2):82-96

The River Frome was sampled at sub-daily sampling interval, with additional storm sampling, through an annual cycle. Samples were analysed for total phosphorus (TP), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), total oxidisable nitrogen (TON) and dissolved reactive silicon (Si). The resulting data set was artificially decimated to mimic sampling frequencies from 12 h to monthly time interval. Monthly sampling interval resulted in significant errors in the estimated annual TP and SRP load of up to 35% and 28% respectively, and the resulting data sets were insufficient to observe peaks in P concentration in response to storm events. Weekly sampling reduced the maximum percentage errors in annual load estimate to 15.4% and 6.5%. TON and silicon concentrations were less variable with changing river flow, and monthly sampling was sufficient to predict annual load estimates to within 10%. However, to investigate within-river nutrient dynamics and behaviour, it is suggested that a weekly sampling interval would be the minimum frequency required for TON and Si studies, and daily sampling would be a minimum requirement to adequately investigate phosphorus dynamics. The loss in nutrient-concentration signal due to reduced sampling interval is presented. Hysteresis in the nutrient concentration/flow relationships for all 32 storm events during the study period were modelled and seasonal patterns discussed to infer nutrient sources and behaviour. The high-resolution monitoring in this study identified, for the first time, major peaks in phosphorus concentration in winter that coincide with sudden falls in air temperature, and was associated with biofilm breakdown. This study has shown that to understand complex catchment nutrient processes, accurately quantify nutrient exports from catchments, and observe changes in water quality as a result of nutrient mitigation efforts over time, it is vital that the newly emerging field-based automated sampler/analyzer technologies begin to be deployed, to allow for routine high-resolution monitoring of our rivers in the future.  相似文献   

Land-based nutrient enrichment of the Buccoo Reef Complex and fringing coral reefs of Tobago, West Indies     

Brian E. Lapointe  Richard Langton  Arthur C. Potts  Chuanmin Hu 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(3):334-343

Tobago’s fringing coral reefs (FR) and Buccoo Reef Complex (BRC) can be affected locally by wastewater and stormwater, and regionally by the Orinoco River. In 2001, seasonal effects of these inputs on water-column nutrients and phytoplankton (Chl a), macroalgal C:N:P and δ¹⁵N values, and biocover at FR and BRC sites were examined. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN, particularly ammonium) increased and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) decreased from the dry to wet season. Wet season satellite and Chl a data showed that Orinoco runoff reaching Tobago contained chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) but little Chl a, suggesting minimal riverine nutrient transport to Tobago. C:N ratios were lower (16 vs. 21) and macroalgal δ¹⁵N values higher (6.6‰ vs. 5.5‰) in the BRC vs. FR, indicating relatively more wastewater N in the BRC. High macroalgae and low coral cover in the BRC further indicated that better wastewater treatment could improve the health of Tobago’s coral reefs.  相似文献   

Oceanographical patterns during a summer upwelling–downwelling event in the Northern Galician Rias: Comparison with the whole Ria system (NW of Iberian Peninsula)     

N. Ospina-Alvarez  R. Prego  I. Álvarez  M. deCastro  M.T. Álvarez-Ossorio  Y. Pazos  M.J. Campos  P. Bernárdez  C. Garcia-Soto  M. Gómez-Gesteira  M. Varela 《Continental Shelf Research》2010

Summer upwelling and downwelling processes were characterized in the Northern Galician Rias during July and August 2008 by means of sampling carried out onboard R/V Mytilus (CSIC) and R/V Lura (IEO). Thermohaline variables, dissolved oxygen, nutrients, chlorophyll, phytoplankton, ciliates and zooplankton abundances were measured at sections located in the Rias of Viveiro, Barqueiro and Ortigueira and their adjacent shelves. Ekman transport was calculated from QuikSCAT satellite, upwelling intensity estimated with upwelling index from the average daily geostrophic winds, and SST maps obtained from NASA GHRSST satellite. Ekman transport and SST behaviour showed two different patterns: (i) offshore and upwelling favourable conditions on 13–22nd of July; (ii) onshore and downwelling favourable conditions from 23rd July to 19th August. During upwelling, TS diagram showed an intrusion of Eastern North Atlantic Central Water affecting the continental shelf but not the rias. Nutrient salt concentrations increased with depth, reaching their maximum values near the mouth of Ortigueira Ria. During downwelling, coastal water increased its temperature (18.5–19.8 °C) and was retained inside rias; nutrients were nearly depleted, except for the innermost ria (estuarine zone) due to fluvial nutrient inputs. In this inner area, the maximum of chlorophyll-a (Barqueiro Ria) was observed. Low phytoplankton abundances were measured in both cases, even though a short increase in the plankton biomass was observed inside rias during upwelling, while under downwelling a small red tide of Lingulodinium polyedrum was detected. During the upwelling period Northern Rias tend to be mesotrophic systems as revealed by nutrient concentrations, chlorophyll levels and plankton abundances. On the contrary, in similar situations, the Western Rias behaves as eutrophics.  相似文献   

Intra-annual variability in nutrients in the Godavari estuary,India     

V.V.S.S. Sarma  V.R. PrasadB.S.K. Kumar  K. RajeevB.M.M. Devi  N.P.C. ReddyV.V. Sarma  M.D. Kumar 《Continental Shelf Research》2010

Daily variations in nutrients were monitored for 15 months (September 2007–November 2008) in the Godavari estuary, Andhra Pradesh, India, at two fixed locations. River discharge has significant influence on nutrients loading to the estuary, which peaks during June–August (peak discharge period; monsoon) whereas exchanges at the sediment–water interface, groundwater and rainwater contribute significantly during other period. Despite significant amount of nutrients brought by discharge to the study region, phytoplankton biomass, in terms of chlorophyll-a (Chl a), did not increase significantly due to high suspended load and shallow photic depth. Nutrients showed downward gradient towards downstream of the estuary from upstream due to dilution by nutrient poor seawater and biological uptake. The N:P ratios were higher than Redfield ratio in both upstream and downstream of the estuary during no discharge period suggesting PO₄ to be a limiting nutrient for phytoplankton production, at levels <0.10 μmol L⁻¹. On the other hand, Si:N ratios were always more than unity during entire study period at both the stations indicating that Si(OH)₄ is not a limiting nutrient. Our results suggest that suspended matter limits phytoplankton biomass during peak discharge period whereas PO₄ during no discharge period.  相似文献   

泉州湾赤潮藻类优势种演替影响因子探讨   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

江兴龙  宋立荣 《海洋与湖沼》2009,40(6):761-767

于2006年5—11月对东海泉州湾赤潮监控区设定4个采样站位,进行赤潮常规监测。结果表明,泉州湾藻类优势种由中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)、太平洋海链藻(Thalassiosira pacifica)、微小原甲藻(Prorocentrum minimum)、尖刺拟菱形藻(Pseudo-nitzschia pungens)、丹麦细柱藻(Leptocylindrus danicus)及旋链角毛藻(Chaetoceros curvisetus)等赤潮生物组成,虽然中肋骨条藻为最主要的优势种,但有3个站位出现了上述优势种的演替。通过深入分析该海域水质营养盐含量及组成结构的动态变化对赤潮藻类优势种演替的影响,发现由于不同的赤潮藻类种群具有各自的生态习性及适应环境的生长增殖策略,海域水质营养盐含量和组成结构的变化,会引起赤潮藻类种群增殖竞争力间强弱的相对变化,而种群增殖竞争力强的种类有可能迅速增殖取代原有的优势种而演替为新的优势种,这是一个动态的过程。  相似文献   

河流营养物质输入及结构变化对河口富营养化潜力的影响          下载免费PDF全文

林玲  许文锋  刘丽华  王飞飞  杨盛昌  曹文志 《湖泊科学》2023,35(6):1990-1999

河口是连接陆地-海洋的一个关键区域,具有重要的生态系统服务价值。然而,随着经济快速发展,河口接纳了越来越多来自于流域等地的营养物质,导致河口生态系统的富营养化潜力大大增加。本研究利用沿海富营养化潜力指数(index of coastal eutrophication potential,ICEP)量化河流输入对九龙江河口所产生的影响,特别是对富营养化指标的年度和季节性变化动态进行了分析。结果表明,九龙江河口区溶解性无机氮(DIN)和溶解性无机磷(DIP)浓度年均值均呈波动性增长,自1980s以来九龙江河口营养负荷发生了较显著变化,1980s—2006年期间DIN通量平均值为3.967×10³ t/a,而2006—2020年期间增加到2.924×10⁴ t/a,增长了637.14%,其中最高值达8.279×10⁴ t/a。两个时期DIP通量平均值分别为1.131×10²和2.282×10² t/a,增长了101.87%,其中最高值达6.128×10² t/a...  相似文献   

湖泊营养盐通量平衡的三维数值模拟          下载免费PDF全文

邹锐  吴桢  赵磊  陈异晖  余艳红  刘永 《湖泊科学》2017,29(4):819-826

湖泊氮、磷通量是表征湖泊营养状态的重要指标,也是探究湖泊富营养化机制的重要途径.通过氮、磷通量的计算和质量平衡关系的分析,可以识别出在湖泊富营养化过程中起关键作用的过程.以三维水动力-水质模型为计算平台,模拟湖泊水动力、水质的动态过程,并以模拟结果为基础核算湖泊氮、磷循环通量及其在氮、磷循环整体中的贡献,识别湖泊氮、磷循环关键源汇过程的变化规律.滇池是我国富营养化湖泊的代表,同时其半封闭特性为营养物质循环提供了更为稳定的环境,以滇池为案例,基于前期校正和验证过的滇池水动力-水质模型来分析循环通量计算方法的适用性.结果发现,研究年度内滇池外海总氮的年总输入量(包括外源和内源)为7620.92 t,总输出量(包括出流、反硝化和沉降)为7637.31 t;总磷的年总输入量为(包括外源和内源)450.23 t,总输出量(包括出流和沉降)为429.57 t,其中陆域输入是最主要的氮、磷输入途径,而反硝化和沉降则是主要的输出过程.相较于传统的质量平衡方法,通过三维模型计算所得的营养盐通量平衡结果能更好地揭示湖体内所发生的氮、磷转化过程.  相似文献   

Alkaline phosphatase as a bio-indicator of phosphorus-eutrophy in freshwater ecosystems: A review     

Madhulika Singh  Jitendra Pandey 《国际泥沙研究》2023,38(3):349-360

Limnologists have greatly advanced the understanding of indicators of phosphorus(P)-eutrophy in surface waters. Biotic variables such as macro-invertebrates, fish, zooplankton, benthic algae, and diatoms are extensively used for bio-assessment of eutrophy. New concepts highlight the importance of bed-sediment based “response” variables predicting functional shifts during eutrophication. A cross analysis of studies reveals that alkaline phosphatase(ALP), which serves as a proxy of P-deficiency, a...  相似文献