阻塞动力学研究进展与展望   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

周伟灿  朱乾根  刘宣飞 《南京气象学院学报》1999,22(2):279-286

简介了大气阻塞动力学在多平衡态理论和外源强迫的共振理论、孤立子及偶极子理论、强迫耗散ＫＤＶ动力学以及天气扰动的激发等几方面理论研究的进展。并对阻塞动力学的研究进行了展望。  相似文献   

Evaluating ice‐rafted debris as a proxy for glacier calving in Upernavik Isfjord,NW Greenland     

Flor Vermassen  David J. Wangner  Laurence M. Dyke  Sabine Schmidt  Amalie E. Cordua  Kurt H. Kjr  Konstanze Haubner  Camilla S. Andresen 《第四纪科学杂志》2019,34(3):258-267

Records of ice‐rafted debris (IRD) in sediments are commonly used as a proxy for iceberg production and to reconstruct past changes of glacier stability. However, the interpretation of IRD is complex as multiple processes modulate its variability. This study investigates the relationship between IRD variability and glaciological change by measuring IRD records from Upernavik Fjord and comparing these to frontal positions of Upernavik Isstrøm during the past century. Results show that the spatial variability of IRD deposition throughout the fjord is high, indicating that randomness inherent to IRD distorts the calving signal. However, we investigate whether IRD records can be combined to improve the reconstruction, as previously suggested, and show the importance of core site selection and number of cores on this approach. The outer‐fjord core compares relatively well to the observed front positions and this is reflected in the composite record: increased IRD deposition in 1937–1946, 1968–1980, and 1996–1999 occurred during periods of faster retreat. Comparison with climatic records shows that the calving episodes in the late ‘30 s/early ‘40 s and late ‘90 s are related to warm ocean and air temperatures, whereas intensified retreat and calving during the ‘70 s reflects partly an internal glacier response to the fjord geometry.  相似文献   

2.4m望远镜数据管理子系统     

杨永海  陈东  王传军 《天文研究与技术》2010,7(2)

2.4m光学望远镜长时间运行必然产生海量数据.这些原始观测数据需要存储以备将来研究.为了利用这些观测数据,需要在2.4m远程观测系统中建立一个数据管理子系统.该系统可实现下列任务:数据的压缩、归档、实时浏览、数据检索、下栽.此系统建立在Linux+MySQL平台上,使用J2EE技术开发.  相似文献   

高层建筑物沉降变形的灰线性预测     

高宁  崔希民  高彩云 《测绘科学》2012,37(3):96-98

本文以高层建筑物沉降变形预测为主要研究目的,讨论了GM(1,1)方法适用于单一指数增长模型、对预测序列数据异常情况难以准确预测的局限性,利用线性回归适用短期预测的特点,提出了基于GM(1,1)与线性回归组合预测高层建筑物沉降变形的方法;对组合模型预测精度起决定性作用的灰指数v和参数m进行了分析,给出了求解灰指数v和参数m的最优值算法,最后利用组合模型对某高层建筑物沉降变形数据进行了解算,应用结果表明,该方法使预测结果更为可靠、准确。  相似文献   

成都区域气象中心业务数值预报产品检验分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

屠妮妮  何光碧  张利红 《四川气象》2010,(1):21-28

依据国家气象中心T213、T639全球模式、成都区域中心实时运行的AREM、GRAPES和MM5中尺度数值模式预报结果,对2008年5～9月进行了日降水量和2m温度检验。结果表明：（1）模式对昆明、南京、广州、长沙、北京和郑州温度预报优于温江、兰州和拉萨站,其中拉萨站温度预报与实况偏差最大,即模式对我国中部及南部地区温度预报与实况近似程度高于西部地区。（2）东部地区中雨及以上量级降水评分高于西部,西部4个城市中以昆明站评分最高,反映模式对我国西部城市降雨预报能力偏弱。  相似文献   

中国内陆高原不同海拔地区雷暴电学特征成因的初步分析   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

张廷龙  郄秀书  言穆弘  赵阳  张广庶  张彤  王彦辉 《高原气象》2009,28(5):1006-1017

通过分析中国内陆高原西藏那曲、 青海大通、 甘肃中川和平凉4个不同海拔高度地区雷暴的电学特征发现, 不同地区间雷暴电学特征有其共性, 但也存在一定的差异。根据过顶雷暴的地面电场演变特征, 内陆高原地区雷暴可以分为特殊型和常规型两类\.特殊型雷暴在当顶阶段地面电场呈正极性, 即雷暴下部存在范围较大的正电荷区（LPCC）, 且特殊型雷暴所占比例随海拔高度的增加有所增加; 常规型雷暴在当顶阶段地面电场为负极性, 与低海拔地区常规雷暴引起的地面电场类似。结合4个地区的地面气象要素以及探空资料的分析, 发现不同地区对应的部分热动力参量以及大气层结参数存在显著差异\.分析表明, 地气温差和暖云区厚度对雷暴云LPCC的强弱有显著的指示意义, 当地气温差越大、 暖云区厚度越薄时, 雷暴云LPCC的强度相对较大; 反之, 雷暴云LPCC的强度及范围都较小。数值模拟结果表明, 特殊型雷暴云内最大上升气流区存在的范围以及总比含水量大于常规型雷暴, 上升气流的强弱以及WCD的大小在很大程度上决定了云内水成物粒子的浓度。  相似文献   

Remote sensing of aerosols over the Solar Village, Saudi Arabia     

I. Sabbah  Fatma M. Hasan 《Atmospheric Research》2008,90(2-4):170-ICNAA07

Aerosol optical properties over Solar Village, Saudi Arabia have been studied using ground-based remote sensing observations through the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET). Our analysis covered 8 recorded years of aerosol measurements, starting from February 1999 through January 2007. The seasonal mean values of aerosol optical thickness (AOT), the Ångström wavelength exponent α and the surface wind speed (V), exhibit a one year cyclical pattern. Seasonal variations are clearly found in the shape and magnitude of the volume size distribution (VSD) of the coarse size mode due to dust emission. The Spring is characterized by dusty aerosols as the modal value of the exponent α was low ~ 0.25 while that of AOT was high ~ 0.3. The modal value of wind speed was the highest ~ 3.6 m/s in spring. The increase in wind speed is responsible for increasing the concentration of dust particles during Spring. Spring of 2003 has the highest mean values of AOT, V and VSD and the lowest mean value for the exponent α. The seasonal mean values of the exponent α are anticorrelated with those of the wind speed (r = − 0.63). The annual mean values of the exponent α are well correlated (r = 0.77) with those of the difference between the maximum and minimum values of temperature ΔT. They are anticorrelated (r = − 0.74) with the annual mean values of the relative humidity. Large aerosol particles and high relative humidity increase the radiative forcing. This results in reduction of the values of the temperature difference ΔT.  相似文献   

长江口12.5米深水航道南坝田挡沙堤加高工程总平面方案研究     

应铭  季岚  曹慧江  王大伟 《海洋工程》2020,38(4):19-28

长江口12.5米深水航道2010年贯通后,发挥了巨大社会经济效益,同时航道回淤量大、维护压力大、维护费用高的问题突出。本研究基于北槽四边界水沙通量观测成果,分析提出了北槽航道回淤泥沙来源;针对回淤原因,在已建减淤工程经验总结的基础上,提出了本次减淤的研究思路,优化了减淤工程方案的比选指标体系;采用三维潮流泥沙数模、清水动床物模、经济技术综合分析等手段,通过"加高范围"、"加高高程"及"加高位置"比选,研究推荐了减淤工程方案。利用实测回淤量分析了工程减淤效果。研究结果表明,南导堤越沙是洪季北槽的重要泥沙来源,对北槽高浓度含沙量场有一定贡献。提出了可通过加高北槽南侧的导堤,实现减少通过南导堤越堤进入北槽的泥沙量,从而减小北槽含沙量水平,同时改善北槽下段流态,降低水沙横向输移,进而降低航道回淤的减淤思路。研究推荐的长江口12.5米深水航道减淤工程为南坝田挡沙堤加高工程及先期工程方案。先期工程位于S4～S9丁坝坝田,在现有南坝田挡沙堤的基础上加高S4～S8区段,并延长至S9丁坝,工程全长约23.8 km,高程+3.5 m。工程于2015年11月开工建设,2016年7月主体工程完工,工程减淤效果显著,2016—2018年年均减淤量约954×105m3/a,近三年已节省航道维护疏浚费用约5亿元。  相似文献   

Evolution of the Total Lightning Activity in a Leading-Line and Trailing Stratiform Mesoscale Convective System over Beijing   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

LIU Dongxi  QIE Xiushu  XIONG Yajun  FENG Guili 《大气科学进展》2011,28(4):866-878

Data from the Beijing SAFIR 3000 lightning detection system and Doppler radar provided some insights into the three-dimensional lightning structure and evolution of a leading-line and trailing-stratiform (LLTS) mesoscale convective system (MCS) over Beijing on 31 July 2007. Most of the lightning in the LLTS-MCS was intracloud (IC) lightning, while the mean ratio of positive cloud-to-ground (+CG) lightning to -CG lightning was 1:4, which was higher than the average value from previous studies. The majority of CG lightning occurred in the convective region of the radar echo, particularly at the leading edge of the front. Little IC lightning and little +CG lightning occurred in the stratiform region. The distribution of the CG lightning indicated that the storm had a tilted dipole structure given the wind shear or the tripole charge structure. During the storm’s development, most of the IC lightning occurred at an altitude of ～9.5 km; the lightning rate reached its maximum at 10.5 km, the altitude of IC lightning in the mature stage of the storm. When the thunderstorm began to dissipate, the altitude of the IC lightning decreased gradually. The spatial distribution of lightning was well correlated with the rainfall on the ground, although the peak value of rainfall appeared 75 min later than the peak lightning rate.  相似文献   

大陆造山带区调填图中几个地质问题及其研究方法探讨     

侯立玮  付小方  Fuge Zou 《四川地质学报》2011,31(1):109-116

对我国区调填图工作历程与现状进行概述基础上,对造山带的主要特点,构造岩片的含义,构造岩片填图法的理论依据、基本工作程序及实施要点作了论述;对造山带中常见的"混杂岩"、强烈构造变形变质的层状变质岩、穹隆状变质地质体的主要特征、产出的地质构造条件及其成因机制等进行了较全面总结和分析;建议将"混杂岩"和"穹隆状变质地质体"分别划分为蛇绿混杂岩、火山混杂岩、滑积混杂岩、构造混杂岩和变质核杂岩、花岗岩底辟穹隆(岩浆核杂岩)、片麻岩穹隆、构造穹隆等类型。  相似文献