卫星高光谱大气CO2探测精度验证研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张兴赢  孟晓阳  周敏强  白文广  周丽花  胡玥明  余骁 《气候变化研究进展》2018,14(6):602-612

卫星高光谱大气CO₂遥感探测对全球气候变化研究意义重大,卫星CO₂反演产品的地基观测验证是获得产品精度评价、发现算法可适用范围和局限性的重要环节,因此地基高光谱CO₂的观测验证研究对提高卫星产品定量精度至关重要。本文综述了当前国际上大气CO₂探测卫星的研制进展,短波红外大气CO₂的反演方法进展,重点阐述了地基高光谱CO₂探测技术进展及其对卫星大气CO₂的定量探测精度验证方法和技术研究进展,并对该研究领域未来的发展提出展望。  相似文献   

高纯度超细镍粉的除杂研究     

廖戎  潘高峰  毛羽 《矿物岩石》2002,22(3):90-92

工业湿法制备超细镍粉过程中，提高镍粉的纯度一直是困扰生产厂家的难题，为此，在研究黑镍除杂和用螯合剂水溶液超声波搅拌洗涤除杂的基础上，讨论温度，pH值，黑镍量，螯合剂，超声波的搅拌洗涤次数等因素对除杂效果的影响。通过实验找出湿法制备高纯度超细镍粉除杂的最佳工艺条件。  相似文献   

GPS滑坡监测系统在桥墩稳定性监测中的应用     

张少华  周蓉生 《全球定位系统》2007,32(3):27-29,41

鉴于滑坡等地质灾害的监测中传统的数据信息获取、管理规模化程度较低的现状。我们开发了基于GPS差分解算的滑坡监测预测预报系统。通过利用该系统对贵州六盘水市某一铁路桥的滑坡监测的实验性实例，简单介绍该GPS滑坡监测系统的特色、系统软件的相关解算算法及该系统在桥墩稳定性监测中的应用。  相似文献   

Mechanical Behavior and Shape Optimization of Lining Structure for Subsea Tunnel Excavated in Weathered Slot     

李鹏飞  周晓军 《海洋工程》2015,29(6):875-890

Subsea tunnel lining structures should be designed to sustain the loads transmitted from surrounding ground and groundwater during excavation. Extremely high pore-water pressure reduces the effective strength of the country rock that surrounds a tunnel, thereby lowering the arching effect and stratum stability of the structure. In this paper, the mechanical behavior and shape optimization of the lining structure for the Xiang’an tunnel excavated in weathered slots are examined. Eight cross sections with different geometric parameters are adopted to study the mechanical behavior and shape optimization of the lining structure. The hyperstatic reaction method is used through finite element analysis software ANSYS. The mechanical behavior of the lining structure is evidently affected by the geometric parameters of cross- sectional shape. The minimum safety factor of the lining structure elements is set to be the objective function. The efficient tunnel shape to maximize the minimum safety factor is identified. The minimum safety factor increases significantly after optimization. The optimized cross section significantly improves the mechanical characteristics of the lining structure and effectively reduces its deformation. Force analyses of optimization process and program are conducted parametrically so that the method can be applied to the optimization design of other similar structures. The results obtained from this study enhance our understanding of the mechanical behavior of the lining structure for subsea tunnels. These results are also beneficial to the optimal design of lining structures in general.  相似文献   

改进的基于非高斯双参数模型的图像滤波算法     

武海洋  张亚宁  万紫千 《海洋测绘》2015,35(1):38-40

以描述小波系数分布规律的非高斯双参数模型为基础,介绍和分析了BiShrink滤波算法,指出了其存在的不足。提出的改进算法采用冗余小波变换替代正交小波变换,将子带内小波系数的局部相关性纳入滤波过程,给出了局部自适应的阈值估计策略,再通过双参数联合收缩函数达到系数收缩的目的。实验结果表明,改进算法同时兼顾了子带内小波系数之间的相关性和尺度间系数的传播特性,在有效滤除噪声的同时,较好地保持了图像的细节信息。  相似文献   

碱性环境中毒砂表面反应机理研究     

许涛  廖美婷  殷志刚 《岩石矿物学杂志》2015,34(6):821-826

在初始pH=12.3的碱性条件下,毒砂经过不同时间(0.5 h、2 h、4 h、6 h、8 h)处理后,通过SEM、XPS和前线轨道理论对其表面反应机理进行探讨。结果发现,毒砂表面Fe原子活性最强,最易从表面氧化而出。As元素与Fe迁移较同步,而S元素不同步。随时间增加,毒砂表面氧化程度增大,Fe原子析出最多。推测其表面反应过程:在碱性条件下,毒砂表面上的Fe原子首先被氧化析出为铁离子,在铁离子和氧气的作用下,As被氧化成为As(Ⅲ),吸附在结构疏松的氢氧化铁中,S被氧化为硫酸根,与钙离子结合形成石膏。最终氧化产物因溶解性和结晶性不同而不同程度地附着在毒砂表面。  相似文献   

伊拉克中部上白垩统Khasib组岩溶储层演化及异常高渗层成因   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

杜洋  汪娟  方健  辛军  王自明  马文辛  王海峰  黄婷婷  陈明江  付晓 《地质科学》2015,(4):1218-1234

针对伊拉克艾哈代布(Ahdeb)油田Khasib组早期的注水突破难题, 本文以地球化学资料及取心薄片分析为基础, 结合区域沉积-构造演化背景, 对储层演化及异常高渗层的成因进行了研究, 并将储层演化划分为3个阶段: 沉积同生期、低沉降速率浅-中埋藏期和快速沉降深埋藏期。沉积同生期具两层高孔段: 即受同生岩溶改造形成的以砂屑粒间孔为主的Kh2-2-1砂屑颗粒灰岩和以藻屑铸模孔为主的Kh2-3-2藻屑泥粒灰岩。在此基础上, 浅-中埋藏期产生以走滑断裂为流体的运移通道, 以深部源岩降解形成的有机酸为溶蚀介质, 以同生期后形成的高孔层段为溶蚀的载体, 以非组构选择溶蚀作用为特征的埋藏有机酸岩溶, 它与同生期岩溶作用在时间上具有连续性, 形成的孔隙分布在空间上具有继承性。晚期地层快速沉降深埋藏期, 发生大规模烃类充注成藏, 阻止孔隙内水岩反应, 减弱储层内压实胶结破坏性成岩作用, 最终使得这两段具异常高渗透率特征。Kh2-2-1砂屑颗粒灰岩段以砂屑粒间孔、粒间溶孔、针状溶洞为主要孔隙类型, 以孔隙缩小型为主要喉道类型, 孔喉连通性好, 岩相区域分布稳定, 是造成早期注水突破的层段。总体而言, 本区异常高渗层的成因主要是: 优质储层的沉积基础及同生岩溶改造, 长期浅-中埋藏期有机酸溶蚀对储层的叠加和改造优化, 以及快速深埋藏期与烃类充注极好的耦合关系使其得以保存。  相似文献   

Geological characteristics and tectonic implications of the deformed granite in Lalong area in the southern margin of Gangdise     

TANG Hua  CHEN Yongdong  WEI Long  LI Ning 《中国地质调查》2014,7(4):85-94

In the Gangdise magmatic arc develops an important ductile shear zone. In order to peer deeper into the genesis of the deformed granite and its deformation and properties, the authors studied the whole rock geochemistry, deformation structure and zircon U-Pb geochronology of the deformed granite in Lalong area in the southern margin of Gangdise. It is found that the deformed granite is distributed in nearly EW direction, the north side contacts with Mesozoic Mamuxia Formation along a fault,and the rest is covered by Quaternary system,after the geological profile measurement and field geological mapping of the deformed granite exposed in Lalong area in the southern margin of Gangdise.The main rock type is tonalite, belonging to high silica calc alkaline series. SiO₂ content ranges from 66.2% to 71.0%, with an average of 68.3%. The content of total alkali (Na₂O + K₂O) is higher,so is the content of Al₂O₃ and MgO.The content of light rare earth elements (∑LREE) is higher than that of heavy rare earth elements (∑HREE). Rb, Th and other large ion lithophile elements are enriched, while Ta, Zr, Nb and other high field-strength elements are depleted. Sr content is high, Y content is low, and Sr/Y value is 73.02~99.05. All shows that the rock has the adakitic rock characteristics. The LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb age of the deformed granite is (83.56±0.83) Ma, which is the late Cretaceous and represents the magmatic crystallization age.The deformed granite was mainly formed by partial melting of the thickened lower crust under the background of northward subduction and reduction of Neo-Tethys Ocean. During Miocene 28~13 Ma, the deformed granite underwent nearly EW trending left-lateral shear and northward slip ductile shear deformation.  相似文献   

基于Lensphoto系统的土石方计算方法应用     

罗清松  廖小延 《北京测绘》2014,(5):88-91

土石方计算工程的实际意义非常重大,因而选择基于多基线数字近景摄影测量系统的土石方计算方法进行了研究,并通过实例与其他常用土石方计算方法进行了比较,结果表明多基线近景摄影测量技术在土石方计算中具有速度快、精度高、工作流程简单等特点.  相似文献   

Genesis of Luobuzhen Pb–Zn veins: Implications for porphyry Cu systems and exploration targeting at Luobuzhen-Dongshibu in western Gangdese belt,southern Tibet     

《Ore Geology Reviews》2017

Porphyry systems are known to form in magmatic arc environment and commonly include porphyry Cu, epithermal Pb–Zn–Au–Ag, skarn polymetallic mineralization, etc. The systems are rarely reported in collisional zones, such as the Gangdese belt in southern Tibet where many postcollisional porphyry copper deposits occurred. In addition, other types of mineral systems are rarely present except porphyry copper mineralization in the Gangdese belt. In this study, we present Pb–Zn-bearing quartz veins at Luobuzhen in the western Gangdese belt. The Luobuzhen Pb–Zn veins cross-cut dacite of the Linzizong Group with zircon U–Pb age of 50.1 ± 0.2 Ma and monzogranite with zircon U–Pb age of 17.1 ± 0.1 Ma. Ore minerals include sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite, and pyrite; gangue minerals are quartz with minor chlorite and sericite. Primary fluid inclusions of quartz are liquid-rich, aqueous, and two-phase inclusions. The homogenization temperatures of these primary inclusions are moderate to high (267–400 °C), and salinities range from 8.9 to 18.4 wt.% NaCl equiv. Quartz has δ¹⁸O_SMOW values of 6.2–9.3‰, while sulfides have δ³⁴S_V-CDT values of −5.1‰ to 0.1‰, ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb of 18.722–18.849, ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb of 15.640–15.785, and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb of 39.068–39.560. These data suggest that magmatic fluids with contribution from meteoric water, magmatic sulfur, and lead derived from upper crust and metasomatized mantle by Indian continental materials would be critical for the Luobuzhen base metal mineralization.The Dongshibu area, located at ∼2 km east of the Luobuzhen, is characterized by high concentrations of Cu (up to 1450 ppm) and Mo (up to 130 ppm) of stream sediments, which is quite different from high concentrations in Pb, Zn, Ag, and Au shown in the Luobuzhen area. In addition, porphyry copper mineralization-related alteration and veins/veinlets occur in the Miocene monzogranite at Dongshibu. The monzogranite is characterized by high Sr/Y ratios, which are also shown on ore-forming intrusions in the Gangdese postcollisional porphyry copper deposits, and shows similar zircon Hf isotopes to the ore-related high Sr/Y intrusions from the Zhunuo porphyry copper deposit which is located ∼20 km northeast of the Luobuzhen-Dongshibu. A comprehensive analysis allows us to infer that the base metal veins at Luobuzhen are components of a porphyry Cu system with porphyry Cu mineralization likely present at Dongshibu and epithermal Au–Ag veins possibly occurring at Luobuzhen, which are indicative of the existence of porphyry copper systems in collisional zones. The potential porphyry Cu mineralization and epithermal Au–Ag veins should be targeted in future exploration at Luobuzhen-Dongshibu.  相似文献