博斯腾湖流域绿洲农田土壤重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

麦麦提吐尔逊·艾则孜  阿吉古丽·马木提  艾尼瓦尔·买买提  马国飞 《地理学报》2017,72(9):1680-1694

新疆博斯腾湖流域绿洲采集195个农田土壤样品,测定其中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb和Zn等8种重金属元素的含量,基于地统计法分析农田土壤重金属空间分布规律,采用污染负荷指数（PLI）和潜在生态风险指数（RI）评价农田土壤重金属污染和潜在生态风险程度,并对重金属的来源进行讨论。结果表明：① 博斯腾湖流域农田土壤Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn含量平均值分别超出新疆土壤背景值的1.67倍、1.13倍、1.15倍、1.29倍、2.11倍和1.65倍。② 农田土壤中8种重金属元素空间分布基本呈现岛状分布格局,各金属元素在部分区域出现高值区,表明研究区人类活动对农田土壤环境具有负面效应。③ 农田土壤Pb呈现中度污染,Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni和Zn轻度污染,Mn轻微污染,As无污染。农田土壤重金属污染负荷指数的平均值为1.09,呈现轻度污染态势。④ 各重金属元素单项生态风险指数平均值从大到小依次为：Cd、Ni、As、Cu、Pb、Cr、Zn。综合生态风险指数平均值为18.63,处于轻微生态风险态势。从生态风险程度的区域差异来看,各县生态风险指数从大到小依次为：和硕县、博湖县、焉耆县、和静县。⑤ 农田土壤Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni与Zn主要受到土壤地球化学成因的控制,As、Cd和Pb主要受到人类活动的影响。Cd与Pb是研究区主要的污染因子,研究区农田土壤中Cd与Pb污染必须关注。  相似文献   

新疆博斯腾湖流域水环境保护与治理   总被引：17，自引：2，他引：15  

兰文辉  阿比提  安海燕 《湖泊科学》2003,15(2):147-152

博斯腾湖是中国最大的内陆淡水湖,对地处干旱内陆的新疆来讲,是极为重要的自然资源和经济资源.近50年的流域和湖区大规模开发,博斯腾湖在发挥巨大生态、环境、经济和社会效益的同时,环境问题也日趋严重.通过实施保护工程,加强宏观调控,保护其生态环境,保护生物多样性.  相似文献   

近百年来亚洲中部内陆湖泊演变及其原因分析   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

秦伯强 《湖泊科学》1999,11(1):11-19

南疆博斯腾湖湖相沉积物碳酸盐稳定同位素,孢粉及地化元素含量的波动揭示了于１１．０￣１０．０ｋａＢＰ期间的相对冷湿的环境特征,这次变冷事件在年代上可与末次冰消期的新仙女木气候突然变冷事件相对应,虽然目前还无法圆满解释此事件的成因机制,但此事件在极端干昌的南疆博斯腾湖湖相沉积中的发现,无疑对深入认识此事件发生的全球性以及探讨其成因机制具有重要意义。  相似文献   

Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Evapotranspiration and Driving Factors in the Bosten Lake Watershed,China     

Aierken Tuersun  Yusufujiang Rusuli  Aizezitiyuemaier Maimaiti  Miriayi Maitudi  Kadiayi Alimu 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2020,48(5-6)

The Bosten Lake watershed investigated in this study has seen significant land cover and climate change. The spatiotemporal relationship between evapotranspiration (ET) and environmental factors remain unclear. In this study, trend analysis and correlation methods are applied to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of ET and the relationship between ET and its driving factors using remotely sensed ET data and measured climate data between 2001 and 2018. During the study period, high values of ET primarily occurr in the wetlands of the plain area and the mid‐elevation mountain areas. The ET values show a significantly increasing trend in the different vegetation types due to climate change and other factors. The ET change trend in the study area is in the range of ?13.4 to ≈35.9 mm per year; the desert area exhibits a significant decrease and most of the mountain areas show a significantly increasing trend. ET is significantly correlated with land surface temperature, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and solar radiation. The dominant factor affecting ET is NDVI, accounting for 15.2% of the study area. The results of this study highlight the need for appropriate land‐use strategies for managing water resources in arid land ecosystems.  相似文献   

鄱阳湖流域1955-2002年径流系数变化趋势及其与气候因子的关系   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

郭华  苏布达  王艳君  姜彤 《湖泊科学》2007,19(2):163-169

近些年来,由于人类活动的影响,湖泊普遍出现了萎缩、水位下降、水量锐减、水质污染等问题,研究湖泊最低生态水位,确保湖泊所必须的最小水量,对于解决我国湖泊生态退化问题具有重要意义.本文提出综合指标法来计算湖泊最低生态水位.根据博斯腾湖具体情况选取天然水位资料、湖泊形态和芦苇3种指标为依据分别计算博斯腾湖的最低生态水位,计算结果分别为1047.06 m,1047.41 m和1047.20 m,然后通过综合分析以上这3种指标所占权重,进行加权计算,最终确定博斯腾湖最低生态水位为1047.16 m,通过分析表明1047.16 m作为博斯腾湖最低生态水位是合理的,综合指标法作为湖泊最低生态水位的计算方法切实可行.  相似文献   

湖泊生态服务生产函数构建研究——以博斯腾湖为例     

刘倩倩  徐昔保 《湖泊科学》2023,35(1):279-288

湖泊生态系统服务（LES）在维持区域乃至全球生态安全格局中发挥重要作用,是目前生态系统服务研究的热点之一。由于湖泊面广量大、类型丰富、区域差异大及基础数据较为缺乏等原因,适用于LES定量评估且较为便捷、可行的模型方法较少。本文以博斯腾湖为例,基于生态系统最终服务与关键特征指标构建湖泊生态服务生产函数（LEPF）,用于定量评估湖泊生态系统服务价值（LESV）并甄别关键特征指标的贡献度。结果表明：（1）博斯腾湖1990 2019年生态系统最终服务年均价值量为2226.84亿元,总体呈“上升下降上升”的变化趋势,气候调节、防洪蓄水为主导生态系统服务;（2）LEPF拟合结果较好地反映了5类关键特征指标对LESV的贡献度,从高到低依次为：湖泊水位>蒸发量>面积>水生植被面积>综合营养状态指数;（3）5类关键特征指标中水位的产出弹性较高,表明水位波动与生态系统最终服务价值变化密切相关。  相似文献   

Physically-based model for studying the salinization of Bosten Lake in China     

《水文科学杂志》2013,58(3):432-449

Abstract

Salinization of lakes in arid areas is a common phenomenon with harmful consequences and must be controlled for the better use of lake freshwater and for the conservation of the environment around lakes. Bosten Lake, located in Xinjiang (western China) and the largest inland freshwater lake in China, now experiences salinization. The salinization of Bosten Lake is studied herein by using a physically-based model. After qualitative analysis of lake salinization, the quantitative model is presented that describes the systems of water quantity—water quality—ecology (WQQE) in an integrated way and that simulates the changing processes of lake salinization in the past. On the basis of the WQQE model, an optimal model was also developed to investigate the best strategy for controlling salinization of the lake in the future. The results demonstrated that the developed models can be used to depict the physical process of salinization of Bosten Lake and to provide meaningful information on how to control this salinization.  相似文献   

博斯腾湖末次冰消期新仙女木事件的碳酸盐同位素记录   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

钟巍 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1998,18(3):87-94

新仙女木事件是发生于末次冰消期中的一次十分强烈的气候突然变冷事件,共突然性及全球性特征引起人们高度重视。根据新疆南疆博斯腾湖湖相沉积碳酸盐稳定同位素组成,同时结合孢粉及ＣａＣＯ３含量分析,揭示了新仙女木事件的存在。  相似文献   

Carbon and Oxygen Isotopic Composition of Surface-Sediment Carbonate in Bosten Lake (Xinjiang, China) and its Controlling Factors     

ZHANG Chengjun  Steffen MISCHKE  ZHENG Mianping  Alexander PROKOPENKO  GUO Fangqin  FENG Zhaodong 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(2)

Bosten Lake is a mid-latitude lake with water mainly supplied by melting ice and snow in the Tianshan Mountains. The depositional environment of the lake is spatially not uniform due to the proximity of the major inlet and the single outlet in the western part of the lake. The analytical results show that the carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of recent lake sediments is related to this specific lacustrine depositional environment and to the resulting carbonate mineralogy. In the southwestern lake region between the Kaidu River inlet and the Kongqi River outlet, carbon isotope composition (δ13C) values of the carbonate sediment (-1‰ to -2‰) have no relation to the oxygen isotope composition of the carbonate (δ18O) values (-7‰ to -8‰), with both isotopes showing a low variability. The carbonate content is low (<20%). Carbonate minerals analyzed by X-ray diffraction are mainly composed of calcite, while aragonite was not recorded. The salinity of the lake water is low in the estuary region as a result of the Kaidu River inflow. In comparison, the carbon and oxygen isotope values are higher in the middle and eastern parts of the lake, with δ13C values between approximately +0.5‰ and +3‰, and δ18O values between -1‰ and -5‰. There is a moderate correlation between the stable oxygen and carbon isotopes, with a coefficient of correlation r of approximately 0.63. This implies that the lake water has a relatively short residence time. Carbonate minerals constitute calcite and aragonite in the middle and eastern region of the lake. Aragonite and Mg-calcite are formed at higher lake water salinity and temperatures, and larger evaporation effects. More saline lake water in the middle and eastern region of the lake and the enhanced isotopic equilibrium between water and atmospheric CO2 cause the correlating carbon and oxygen isotope values determined for aragonite and Mg-calcite. Evaporation and biological processes are the main reasons for the salinity and carbonate mineralogy influence of the surface-sediment carbonate in Bosten Lake. The lake water residence time and the CO2 exchange between the atmosphere and the water body control the carbon and oxygen isotope composition of the carbonate sediment. In addition, organic matter pollution and decomposition result in the abnormally low carbon isotope values of the lake surface-sediment carbonate.  相似文献   

1987年后博斯腾湖水位的还原分析   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  

谭芫  李宇安  姜逢清  王亚俊  胡汝骥 《干旱区地理》2004,27(3):315-319

新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州境内的博斯腾湖近年来水位达到了有史记载以来的最高值。通过还原计算得出以下结论文：(1)天然状态下博斯腾湖水位通常在1047．5～1048．5m之间变化,除非特大年径流量(50～100年一遇)水位难以超过1049．00m。(2)博斯腾湖死库容水位为1047．20m。(3)2002年博斯腾湖水位超过1049m完全是人为造成的。(4)现在孔雀河径流量年际变化、年内变化都大于天然状态下。  相似文献