排序方式： 共有67条查询结果，搜索用时 46 毫秒
31.
本文采用复变函数方法研究了稳态水平剪切波(SH波)在各向异性弹性半空间中任意形状孔洞上的散射及其对地面运动的影响.在变换空间中构造出自动满足各向异性半空间水平表面上应力为零的散射波函数,并根据孔洞表面应力为零的边界条件,采用最小二乘法求解散射波函数的系数.用介质的各向异性性质来模拟地质条件,给出了SH波作用下含圆孔、椭圆孔和方孔的各向异性半空间表面位移幅值的数值结果,并分析了介质特性、孔洞的形状、埋深、入射波波数及入射角度等因素对地面运动的影响规律.数值结果表明:介质的各向异性对含有孔洞的半空间表面的地表位移具有显著的影响;沿一定角度的入射波在某一频段内所引起的地表位移幅值比各向同性介质的可能要大,且随着孔洞埋深的增加,地表位移的幅值逐渐减小. 相似文献
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基于目标功率谱, 本文从定量角度提出一种地震动反应谱拟合过程中小波基函数的选取方法． 首先通过修正不同小波基函数所对应的小波系数来拟合地震动反应谱; 然后设定总体误差绝对值和误差均方差这两个定量指标来描述各拟合波功率谱与目标功率谱的差异, 借助数理统计的独立权数原理, 求得不同小波基函数所对应的定量指标的综合评价值; 最后对比综合评价值, 得到拟合精度最高、 误差离散最小的最优小波基． 应用该方法, 选取8种常见的小波基函数进行实例分析． 结果表明, 该方法得到的最优拟合波与原信号差异不大, 拟合波反应谱、 功率谱与目标反应谱、 功率谱均吻合得较好, 从而验证了该方法的正确性． 相似文献
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Natural Hazards - The fault fracture zone, featuring a variety of fault rocks and associated fissures, is a special area which bears the most concentrated stress when it forms and develops. It is... 相似文献
34.
结合长联大跨连续梁桥的特点,以1座(65+123+156+123+10×90+55)m长联大跨摩擦摆支座隔震连续梁桥为背景,建立了全桥三维有限元模型,运用非线性时程分析法,分析了地震动输入模式、地震动强度、摩擦摆支座参数对该桥内力、位移和能量响应的影响。研究结果表明:(1)长联大跨连续梁桥布置摩擦摆支座,可有效延滞固定墩顶有效主梁质量效应,实现全桥协同抗震。大部分地震能量可通过支座滞回耗能散耗,大幅降低了该桥固定墩地震能量耗散需求。(2)长联大跨连续梁桥减隔震设计中,建议采用水平单向+竖向地震组合进行内力设计,采用三向地震组合进行位移设计。(3)强震作用下,支座摩擦因数取0.029~0.034时该桥隔震性能最优。 相似文献
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基于山东省地震台网固定台站及乳山台阵的流动观测资料,利用双差层析成像方法对乳山震群及附近地区地壳浅层15 km深度以内的三维P波速度结构进行了反演。结果显示,研究区内的隆起区（如垛崮山、大孤山）及海洋所镇附近的超高压岩体为高速区,连接两者之间的白沙滩呈低速特征,乳山序列即发生在高、低速过渡带偏高速区的一侧。速度结构剖面显示,乳山序列下方的地壳内存在明显的类椭圆状的相对低速区域,序列活动基本处于该低速区域与第四纪盖层之间的高速夹层。综合考虑序列展布、区域地质构造及高低速岩体间的位置关系,本文推测在区域应力调整背景下,局部介质的不稳定性在乳山序列的发生过程中起主要作用。 相似文献
36.
对公元849年振武、天德地震史料进行了考证,认为:①地名“河西”是指唐代河西县,在今陕西合阳县黄河沿岸地区。②“云迦”是指唐代“云迦关”,可能在今包头西北石门附近。③这次地震“压死者数千人”。利用考证后的史料,对这次地震基本参数进行了再校订,确定这次地震为公元849年10月24日包头东河（40.6°N,110.1°E）7?级地震。 相似文献
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An extraordinary earthquake swarm occurred at Rushan on the Jiaodong Peninsula from October 1, 2013, onwards, and more than 12,000 aftershocks had been detected by December 31, 2015. All the activities of the whole swarm were recorded at the nearest station, RSH, which is located about 12 km from the epicenter. We examine the statistical characteristics of the Rushan swarm in this paper using RSH station data to assess the arrival time difference, \(t_{{{\text{S}} \,-\, {\text{P}}}}\), of Pg and Sg phases. A temporary network comprising 18 seismometers was set up on May 6, 2014, within the area of the epicenter; based on the data from this network and use of the double difference method, we determine precise hypocenter locations. As the distribution of relocated sources reveals migration of seismic activity, we applied the mean-shift cluster method to perform clustering analysis on relocated catalogs. The results of this study show that there were at least 16 clusters of seismic activities between May 6, 2014, and June 30, 2014, and that each was characterized by a hypocenter spreading process. We estimated the hydraulic diffusivity, D, of each cluster using envelope curve fitting; the results show that D values range between 1.2 and 3.5 m2/d and that approximate values for clusters on the edge of the source area are lower than those within the central area. We utilize an epidemic-type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model to separate external triggered events from self-excited aftershocks within the Rushan swarm. The estimated parameters for this model suggest that α = 1.156, equivalent to sequences induced by fluid-injection, and that the forcing rate (μ) implies just 0.15 events per day. These estimates indicate that around 3% of the events within the swarm were externally triggered. The fact that variation in μ is synchronous with swarm activity implies that pulses in fluid pressure likely drove this series of earthquakes. 相似文献
38.
人类活动对太湖水环境影响的稳定氮同位素示踪 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
人类活动对湖泊环境变化的影响是目前全球变化研究的热点之一.识别水体中人为氮源的贡献对于研究人类活动对湖泊环境变化的影响十分重要.稳定氮同位素组成(δ15N)是水环境中人为氮源的有效示踪剂.太湖是我国典型的大型浅水富营养湖泊,位于人口稠密、经济发达的长江三角洲地区,是研究人类活动对水环境影响的理想对象.太湖水体δ15N值的空间分异规律大致反映了不同湖区人类活动影响水环境的方式,上游宜兴小流域及河口主要受农业活动影响,胥口湾和东太湖则主要是水产养殖的贡献,梅梁湾受城市生活污水影响较大.而且水体δ15N值的水平反映了人类活动的影响从南部湖区到北部湖区逐渐加强的趋势,表现为南部河口—东太湖—梅梁湾不同水体从草型水体到藻型水体δ15N值增加的趋势.另外,夏季(6月)太湖水体δ15N值的变化响应于初级生产力的变化,体现了生物作用的影响.在蓝藻水华暴发时期,利用水体δ15N值识别人为氮源的结果可能会受到生物过程的干扰. 相似文献
39.
Yiguo Xue Guangkun Li Xiukai Wang Daohong Qiu Maoxin Su 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(9):1106-1117
AbstractFault fracture zones have always been a key problem in the construction of submarine tunnels. To efficiently summarize the safety impact of different construction schemes on a submarine tunnel crossing a fault fracture, a theoretical model using numerical simulation has been established via the benching tunnelling construction method, three-step method, Center Diaphragm method (CD method), both sides heading method, Cross Diaphragm method (CRD method) and two kinds of supporting methods: pre-grouting and shotcreting. Numerical simulation studies on the excavation and support of submarine tunnels crossing fault fracture zones have been carried out. The research indicates: the fracture zone is the main area where sedimentation instability occurs; the CRD method has the lowest horizontal convergence under the support of the diaphragm; increasing the grouting strength is more effective in controlling the deformation of the surrounding rock than increasing the range of the pre-grouting and the thickness of the shotcrete in the initial support is increased, and its resulting effect is obvious. To optimize the construction scheme, we compared the settlement, horizontal convergence and surrounding rock stress of the tunnel according to the simulation results of different excavation support methods, which could provide theoretical guidance for better on-site construction techniques. 相似文献
40.
以2011年3月11日日本东北MS9.0地震和2013年11月23日3个典型地震(近震、 远震、 深远震)为例, 对泰安地震台JCZ-1甚宽频数字地震仪及LaCoste-PET重力仪的地震波信号进行频谱分析. 结果表明, 由于两套仪器的设计频率响应范围各有侧重, 其对地震波信号的采集能力也有所差别, 信号频谱分布也有所不同, 即地震仪卓越周期较重力仪偏小, 谱能量向高频方向集中, 而重力仪的频谱分布平坦且较地震仪响应周期大. 地震仪和重力仪对长周期地震波信号的响应仍有对应性和可比性, 对1 s以上的地震波信号均有响应, 对远震波形记录有较好的一致性. 宽频带地震仪和重力仪对地震波响应的特性, 为重力观测中阶变突跳等异常变化性质的判定提供了物理学指标, 对形变观测中可能出现的地震前兆异常的认识及判定具有重要意义. 相似文献